Headache Lecture Notes PDF

Headache Dr / HAMADA ZEHRY, MD Lecturer of Neurology , Horus University  Headache Headache is a universal problem, with a lifetime prevalence of 99%, and it is the most common reason for neurologic referral. Headache may be of little clinical significance, or it may repres...

Headache Dr / HAMADA ZEHRY, MD Lecturer of Neurology , Horus University  Headache Headache is a universal problem, with a lifetime prevalence of 99%, and it is the most common reason for neurologic referral. Headache may be of little clinical significance, or it may represent the onset of a life-threatening illness. To the patient, the symptom is always of major concern, and the relationship you establish with the patient at the initial visit will determine the success of treatment.  Pathophysiology of headache Headache is caused by traction, displacement, inflammation, or distension of the pain- sensitive structures in the head or neck. Isolated involvement of the bony skull, most of the dura, or most regions of brain parenchyma does not produce pain.  Pain- Sensitive Structures Red flags in headache (alarm signs)  Headache classification: Primary Headaches 1) Migraine 2) Tension-type headache 3) Trigeminal autonomic cephalgias 4) Other primary headache disorders  Secondary Headaches Headache attributed to trauma or injury to the head and/or neck Headache attributed to cranial or cervical vascular disorder Headache attributed to nonvascular intracranial disorder Headache attributed to a substance or its withdrawal Headache attributed to infection Headache attributed to disorder of homeostasis Headache or facial pain attributed to disorder of the cranium, neck, eyes, ears, nose, sinuses, teeth, mouth, or other facial or cervical structure Headache attributed to psychiatric disorder  Types of migraine There are several types of migraines. The most common migraine categories are: 1) Migraine with aura (classic migraine). 2) Migraine without aura (common migraine). An aura is a phase of the migraine before head pain begins.  Other types of migraines include: Migraines in children (abdominal migraine). Chronic migraine. Hemiplegic migraine. Menstrual migraine. Migraine without headache (silent migraine). Retinal migraine (ocular migraine). Status migrainosus. DD of primary headaches  Abortive therapy (acute treatment during attack) Prophylactic treatment for Treatment of about 6 months (for prevention of migraine migraine attacks) Complementary and Alternative Treatments  Avoidance of triggers (Include certain medications, drinking alcohol, especially red wine, drinking too much caffeine, stress. Sensory stimulation such as bright lights or strong smells. Sleep changes, weather changes, skipping meals or even certain foods like aged cheeses and processed foods). Monoclonal antibodies like anti CGR-P. Exercise [email protected] +201091949392 Any Question?