Handout 30-1 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures PDF

Handout 30-1 Student’s Name CHAPTER 30 QUIZ Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided. 1. All of the following are part of the musculoskeletal system except A....

Handout 30-1 Student’s Name CHAPTER 30 QUIZ Write the letter of the best answer in the space provided. 1. All of the following are part of the musculoskeletal system except A. bones. C. cartilage. B. joints. D. skin. 2. The sound or feel of broken bone fragments grinding together is referred to as A. crepitus. C. assonance. B. stridor. D. dissonance. 3. There are three kinds of muscle: voluntary, involuntary, and A. periosteum. C. cardiac. B. flexible. D. skeletal. 4. The bones of the upper extremities include all of the following except the A. radius. C. femur. B. humerus. D. carpal. 5. Tissues or fibers that cause movement of the body parts or organs are called A. periosteum. C. cartilage. B. muscles. D. tendons. 6. The mechanism that causes the crushed tissues and fractures found in a patient struck by a motor vehicle is A. direct force. C. twisting force. B. indirect force. D. rotational force. 7. An injury in which the skin over a fracture site is broken may be described as a(n) A. closed fracture. C. vertical injury. B. open injury. D. compromised injury. 8. An injury to a joint in which the bone ends become separated from each other is called a(n) A. dislocation. C. sprain. B. angulation. D. fracture. 9. The splints that are initially soft and pliable and are easily shaped for use with deformed extremities are called A. box splints. C. vacuum splints. B. long bone splints. D. traction splints. 10. After taking BSI precautions, exposing the area, and controlling any external bleeding, the next step in immobilizing a long bone fracture is A. replacing protruding bones. C. measuring the splint. B. assessing distal PMS. D. applying the splint. 11. If a patient’s injured leg appears either internally or externally rotated, an EMT should suspect A. patella injury. C. fibula injury. B. ankle dislocation. D. hip dislocation. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 30-1 (continued) 12. The term for a prickling or tingling feeling that indicates some loss of sensation is A. paresthesia. C. paraplegia. B. anesthesia. D. quadriplegia. 13. The splint best suited for an upper humerus injury is a(n) A. air-inflatable splint. C. formable splint. B. sling and swathe splint. D. rigid splint. 14. The splint best suited for easing the pain of muscle spasm associated with fractures of the femur is a(n) A. air-inflatable splint. C. vacuum splint. B. traction splint. D. PASG splint. 15. Muscle injuries resulting from overstretching or overexertion of the muscle are called A. sprains. C. dislocations. B. strains. D. sublocations. 16. The mechanism that operates when one part of an extremity is held stationary while the rest rotates is A. direct force. C. twisting force. B. indirect force. D. torsional force. 17. Another term for the collarbone is the A. clavicle. C. scapula. B. humerus. D. patella. 18. The displacement of a bone from its normal position in a joint is a A. fracture. C. dislocation. B. sprain. D. strain. 19. The bones of the lower extremities include all of the following except the A. pelvis. C. femur. B. patella. D. scapula. 20. Use of a traction splint is indicated for a painful, swollen, deformed A. ankle. C. elbow. B. hip. D. femur. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 30-2 Student’s Name IN THE FIELD Review the following real-life situation. Then answer the questions that follow. Your unit responds to a 911 call from a mother who reports that her 7-year-old son “has fallen from his tree house.” When you arrive on the scene, the mother leads you into the backyard, where you see the boy grimacing in pain. He is holding his right leg. As you approach, he tells you that “it hurts all the way down to my toes.” You introduce yourself and learn that the patient’s name is Roger. Roger tells you that he was climbing into the tree house and fell off the ladder. You ask Roger if he remembers how he landed. “I think I landed on my feet first,” he says. “It hurt so much that I couldn’t stand up.” 1. Explain the mechanism of injury associated with Roger’s injuries. 2. Which bones or joints do you suspect have been injured? 3. Which type of splint will you use to immobilize Roger’s injured leg? Why? 4. What are four basic questions that should be asked of this patient? ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 30-3 Student’s Name CHAPTER 30 REVIEW Write the word or words that best complete each sentence in the space provided. 1. The system is composed of all the bones, joints, and muscles of the body. 2. As components of the skeleton, bones provide the body’s. 3. are the places where bones meet and are a critical element in the body’s ability to move. 4. A common type of bone injury is a break, or. 5. With __________________ _________________, the force impacts one end of the limb, causing injury some distance away from the point of impact. 6. are bands of connective tissue that bind the muscles to the bones. 7. Three types of mechanisms that cause musculoskeletal injuries include force, force, and force. 8. The splint applies constant pull along the length of the femur to stabilize fractures and reduce muscle spasms. 9. The EMT should splint suspected dislocations in position unless are absent. 10. Proper and prehospital care of musculoskeletal injuries can help prevent closed injuries from becoming injuries. 11. If the patient’s thigh is painful, swollen, or deformed, the EMT should treat the patient as if the is fractured. 12. To splint an injured extremity, an EMT must assess _____________, , and before and after splinting. 13. Dramatic-looking or painful extremity injuries can sometimes distract an untrained person from looking for other - conditions. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 30-3 (continued) 14. For any splint to be effective, it must immobilize the extremity or joint and the injury. 15. The point of realignment of deformed extremities is to assist in restoring effective. 16. A traction splint is indicated if there is an isolated fracture. 17. A patient with a hip fracture should be managed for as well due to possible internal bleeding. 18. Any device used to immobilize a body part is referred to as a(n). 19. A(n) is an injury to a joint with possible damage to or tearing of ligaments. 20. A triangular bandage used to support the shoulder and arm is called a(n). ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 30-4 Student’s Name MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA: LISTING 1. List the six basic components of the skeletal system. 2. List four types of musculoskeletal injuries. 3. List three types of mechanisms that cause musculoskeletal injury. 4. List the signs and symptoms of musculoskeletal injuries. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 30-5 Student’s Name IDENTIFYING MAJOR BONES Write the name of the following bones in the correct location on the diagram below. Carpals Clavicle Femur Fibula Humerus Metacarpals Metatarsals Patella Phalanges Radius Scapula Sternum Tarsals Tibia Ulna Vertebrae Xiphoid process ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed. Handout 30-6 Student’s Name MUSCULOSKELETAL TRAUMA: TRUE OR FALSE Indicate if the following statements are true or false by writing T or F in the space provided. 1. Proper splinting may serve to decrease the incidence of permanent injury. 2. The three kinds of muscles are voluntary, skeletal, and cardiac. 3. Voluntary muscles are those that are under the control of a person’s will. 4. Pulselessness and cyanosis distal to an injured extremity are signs of a very serious condition. 5. Both before and after applying a splint, the EMT should assess pulses, movement, and sensation distal to the injury. 6. The most appropriate splint for a shoulder dislocation is the traction splint. 7. The EMT should align an extremity with gentle traction if there is severe deformity or absence of distal pulses. 8. Some types of rigid splints are pliable enough to be molded to fit any appendage. 9. The major type of “pressure” splint is known formally as a rigid splint. 10. Improvised splints can be made from a cardboard box, a rolled-up magazine, a broom handle, or any similar object. ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed.  CHAPTER 30 ANSWER KEY HANDOUT 30-1: Chapter 30 Quiz HANDOUT 30-4: Musculoskeletal Trauma: Listing 1. D 6. A 11. D 16. C 1. Skull, spinal column, thorax, pelvis, upper extremities, 2. A 7. B 12. A 17. A lower extremities. 3. C 8. A 13. B 18. C 2. Fracture, dislocation, sprain, strain. 4. C 9. C 14. B 19. D 3. Direct force, indirect force, twisting force. 5. B 10. B 15. B 20. D 4. Pain and tenderness; deformity or angulation; crepitus; swelling; bruising; exposed bone ends; joints locked into HANDOUT 30-2: In the Field position; severe weakness and loss of function; disfigurement. 1. The mechanism of injury involves both direct force and indirect force. The impact of the fall is transmitted along HANDOUT 30-5: Identifying Major Bones the bone shafts and damages bones farther up the extremity. 2. The bones and joints that could be injured include bones and joints of the feet and ankle (by direct force) and the Clavicle tibia, fibula, and femur and joints of the knee, hip, Scapula pelvis, and spinal column (by indirect Sternum Humerus force). 3. Because the injury could involve the entire leg from hip Xiphoid process Ulna, to toes (as well as a spinal injury), the injury can be Radius treated as a pelvic fracture. The boy can be secured on a Vertebrae long spine board or a vacuum mattress with his legs Carpals stabilized by a folded blanket between them and secured Metacarpals with cravats. This will splint him rapidly and take care of all injuries at one time. Phalanges 4. When did the injury occur? What happened? Where does Femur it hurt? What did you feel at the time of injury? Patella Tibia HANDOUT 30-3: Chapter 30 Review Fibula 1. musculoskeletal Tarsals 2. framework Metatarsals 3. Joints 4. fracture 5. indirect force 6. Tendons 7. direct, indirect, twisting HANDOUT 30-6: Musculoskeletal Trauma: True or 8. traction 9. distal pulses False 10. splinting, open 1. T 6. F 11. femur 2. F 7. T 12. pulse, motor function, sensation 3. T 8. T 13. life-threatening 4. T 9. F 14. above, below 5. T 10. T 15. circulation 16. femur 17. shock 18. splint 19. sprain 20. sling ©2018 by Pearson Education, Inc. C H A P T E R 3 0 Musculoskeletal Trauma and Nontraumatic Fractures Prehospital Emergency Care, 11th Ed.