Group 5 Narrative Report Illustrations PDF

Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES College of Education Departmental of Business Teacher Education ILLUSTRATIONS A Narrative Report in Introduction to ICT Specialization 1 by Gro...

Republic of the Philippines POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES College of Education Departmental of Business Teacher Education ILLUSTRATIONS A Narrative Report in Introduction to ICT Specialization 1 by Group #5 BTLED HE 2-2 Leader: Caboboy, Ron Gerald Members: Florendo, Aliyah Diane Gueco, Andrea Baylon, Antonette Dela Paz, Gedy Estorosas, Paula Ceballos, Princess Submitted to: Mrs. Ruffa Mae V. Panal  OVERVIEW Illustration is the art of creating visual representations that enhance or accompany written content. It involves using various techniques and mediums to communicate ideas, concepts, or narratives through images. In this overview, we will take a look at the basic elements of arts, the drawing process and procedures, basic concepts of perspective, lines and shape, proportions and sourcing out concepts for our own drawing. By studying this topic learners will understand that illustration is important for enhancing learning and comprehension, facilitating effective communication, encouraging creativity, and engaging audiences. As visual literacy becomes increasingly important in our media-driven world, the skills associated with illustration will continue to be invaluable across various fields and industries. BASIC ELEMENTS OF ARTS What Are the Elements of Art? What are the elements of art? There are seven main elements of art that artists can use to create their work. An element is an aspect of an artwork that, taken with other elements, makes up the whole of a work. No art can be created without the use of at least one of these elements, and most artists use many or all of them when completing a piece. Element 1 - Line A line can be thought of as a moving dot. If the dots overlap, it’s a solid line, if they don’t it’s a dotted line. A line has a beginning and an end and by its existence, creates an edge. If a line joins up it forms an outline (also called a contour). An outline creates a shape. Lines can be: Long or short Thick or thin Straight Curved Zigzag  Diagonal Horizontal Vertical Imaginary Three Dimensional Element 2 - Shape When a line meets up to enclose a space, a shape is formed.Shapes can be: Geometric or Organic. Shapes are 2-dimensional, i.e. they have height and width but no depth e.g. a square. The best way to remember the shape element is to think of an outline. Positive or Negative Shapes The object you draw on your page is a shape enclosed in a frame. This frame may be a box you drew to designate the edges of your drawing area or the edge of the page if you didn’t draw a box. The object you draw is the positive shape. The rest of the space in your box (or if you didn’t draw a box then the rest of the page) is called negative shape. Element 3 - Form Form is the next step up from shape as we now add depth to it to create a three dimensional form. A square (shape) vs a cube, a triangle vs a cone etc. etc. Form encloses volume i.e. height, width as well as depth. In drawing and painting form can only be implied because they are 2-dimesional (flat) media. Artists must use tricks to fool the viewer’s eye so as to create the illusion of the third dimension i.e. depth. This is known as Trompe l’oeil and is achieved using tools like value (shading), colour and contour lines. Here you can see how shading has been used to create the illusion of 3-dimensional objects on a flat wall: Like shapes, forms can be geometric or organic. Organic forms are common in nature while geometric forms are more characteristic of architecture and man-made items. Nature however also uses geometric forms on occasion. Examples are crystals and honeycombs. Element 4 - Space Space is what lies between, around or within an object. To show space in a 2-dimensional medium the artist must use techniques to create the illusion of space between items that are in reality on a flat surface. Examples: 1. Overlapping 2. Placement 3. Size  4. Detail 5. Colour and Value 6. Perspective 7. Negative Space Element 5 - Value Value is how light or dark something is. There is a scale of light and dark from pure white through to pitch black. The value of a color depends on how light or dark it is compared to the value scale. Getting the values right is more important than getting the colors right in painting. Value is what makes it possible to show 3-dimensional forms in a 2-dimensional surface. By increasing differences in value, contrast is increased as well. A highlight will look brighter when surrounded by a dark value. Decreasing contrast will make objects visually recede into the picture plane and draw less attention. The focal point of a painting is where you want to add the most contrast as this high contrast automatically draws the viewer’s eye. Example: If a painting is done on the lower (darker) edge of the value scale it is called a “low key” painting. Low key paintings give rise to a heavy, mysterious, dramatic, sometimes brooding feeling in the viewer. By contrast “high key” paintings take their range of values from the upper end of the value scale and create emotions of lightness, quickness, spirituality etc. Element 6 - Colour Colour is created when light is reflected into the viewer’s eye. In art, colors are arranged on a color wheel. The color wheel was developed by Isaac Newton who took the color spectrum and bent it into a circle. Colour is described by its hue – red, green etc. (Hue is the name we give a color.) A color has intensity called chroma, also known as saturation, brightness or purity. The more pure the color is (less of other colors mixed in), the more intense or saturated it is. In painting only small amounts of saturated colors are usually used as accents. Too much saturated color can give a garish result. The chroma of a color is not the same as its value. Element 7 - Texture Actual texture is the way an object feels to the touch. Drawing or painting texture on a 2–dimensional, flat surface is a challenge for artists. The artist must instead convey the illusion of the actual texture to the viewer on the flat surface. How this is done is by the careful use of value and specific marks / brush strokes which then mimic the actual texture. Every textured surface reflects light in a very particular way. Think of the difference in texture between a chrome ball and a concrete ball. The artist, through careful observation and the use of light and dark values, recreates this actual texture visually on the picture plane.  DRAWING PROCESS AND PROCEDURES What is Drawing? Using a tool that leaves markings on the surface, a person can draw images on a surface. Drawing is a fundamental aspect of art, having been practiced for countless years. 1. Sketch of the subject matter A variety of techniques can be developed to help in drawing in the right proportions. These techniques include, for instance, the use of a grid, the building of basic geometric bodies, and the drawing of free orientation lines. Making a basic sketch is the first step towards a completed drawing. By doing this, you first indicate on the drawing paper how much space the theme will take up. As a result, you are unable to use the paper's maximum length. Examples: 2. Preliminary sketch for the picture Many details are already included in this draft drawing; the amount of details to add will depend on the final drawing's level of detail as well as personal desire. A more accurate preliminary drawing is made by starting with this extremely rough sketch. There are no shadows in the rough sketch yet, leaving only clean lines. Examples:  3. Drawing's shading Drawing's shading is the next phase. Representing the shadows of the topic is known as shading. Your drawing will appear lifelike and three-dimensional in nature with the addition of shading. You will need to choose a specific drawing medium and a drawing style for shading for the first time. Therefore, you can use a writing instrument, colored pencils, pastels, chalk, or even charcoal to shade the design. Other methods of drawing include blurring, hatching, shading, and more. Examples: 4. The drawing's last touch The final stage is to take another critical look at your own drawing. Check that your drawing matches the reference perfectly this time (picture, model, etc.). While doing this, you try to figure out if everything fits as it is or if something has to be adjusted. Since there are now no significant adjustments that can be done, the mistake correction in this case can alternatively be simply stated as an image refining. The only things that can, in theory, be adjusted are shadows and specific light sources. Examples:  BASIC CONCEPTS OF PERSPECTIVE, LINES AND SHAPE, PROPORTION What is perspective? - Perspective drawing is a technique to create the linear illusion of depth. As objects get further away from the viewer they appear to decrease in size at a constant rate. Basic conception of Perspective Horizon line - Although the earth is round, the horizon line appears to us as a clear separation between the ground and the sky, The horizon line is always at the eye level of the viewer. However, viewers can have different heights, which means the height of the horizon line will shift. Vanishing Points - The vanishing point is where all parallel lines intersect and is always on the horizon line. Using the example of a straight road clearly illustrates what this means. Imagine a street with a consistent width that stretches into the distance. If you look directly at the street from above, both sides form parallel lines. Single point perspective - All vanishing lines lead to a central point. The horizontal and vertical lines, however, remain parallel to each other Two point perspective - In the two-point perspective, also known as the corner perspective, there are two vanishing points along the horizon line. This is usually used when the viewer looks at the corner of an object What is line? - Line is one of the elements of art. It is considered by many to be the most basic element of art. In terms of art, the line is considered "a moving dot". Basic Conception of Lines Contour lines - Perhaps the most obvious use of line is when it is used to define the edges or boundaries of a subject. Line Quality - Line quality refers to the characteristics of the line drawn. In many cases, line quality refers to the thickness of a line. By varying the line quality (including both thick and thin lines), we create drawings that are more interesting and provide more information to the viewer. Cross contour lines - Cross contour lines are more complex than contour lines. Cross contour lines flow over the form of the subject. These lines can be implied or visible Proportion- is the principle of art that refers to relative size. It is largely about the relationships between height, width and depth and various components in an artwork. Types of proportions in Art - Standard Proportion- Standard proportion refers to proportions that are created correctly when compared to proportions that exist within reality. Leonardo da Vinci’s Proportions of the Human Figure (After Vitruvius) (c.1492) was his attempt at depicting the proportions of the human body. - Altered Proportion- It refers to the manipulation of proportion to achieve a specific visual effect. (Young Woman, Amedeo Modigliani, 1918, oil on canvas) - Hierarchical Proportion- It is the use of proportion purposely to show hierarchy within a composition. (Maestà of Duccio, Siena, Italy, 1308 – 1311)  - Out of Proportion- When a subject is out of proportion, it means that one or more of its components are too large or small in relation to the subject as a whole. ( René Magritte, Personal Values (1952) Shape- is an element of art that is created when a line is enclosed. Shape can also be defined as a two-dimensional area that is defined by a change in value or some other form of contrast. There are 2 main categories/types of shapes: Geometry and organic shape. - Geometry/regular shape- these shapes have popular names and mathematical definitions. They have distinct borders or edges and artists frequently uses tools like compasses and protractors to create them. Examples are circle, triangle, trapezoid and square.  - Organic/freeform shapes- These are the unique inventions of the artists.These shapes are the opposite of geometry shapes. These shapes lack titles, no defined angles and tools to create them and can often resemble things in nature. SOURCING OUT CONCEPTS FOR OWN DRAWING Concepts are defined as abstract ideas or general notions that occur in the mind, in speech, or in thought. Things to consider to sourcing out concepts for own drawing: Do dynamic research - authenticity in the design Think about staging - combining different shapes and design together in a shot Make sure your shapes are readable - details to the point of drawing should be easily identified Design loosely - design with your arm and wrist Aim for balance - will be attained if these elements are stage on both sides without having the lever tilt Know the rules of value - the success of color composition depends in the value composition Why is it important to learn concepts? Basically, knowing Concepts will help illustrators to determine what they want to convey or speak within their drawings and also let them integrate into their drawings the most. How will it contribute to skills that are needed for drawing? Actually, the foundation of the drawing concept is essential and could contribute to the skills of an illustrator since this will be beneficial whenever they want to sort out ideas into one concept and what the message of drawing is about. Sourcing out concepts for your own drawing involves the process of gathering, understanding, and applying various ideas and principles to create meaningful artwork. This practice is crucial for artists and learners alike as it enhances creativity, technical skills, and comprehension of the subject matter. Understanding Concepts Foundation of Knowledge: Sourcing concepts helps establish a foundational understanding of the subject you wish to draw. This includes grasping the anatomy of objects, the principles of perspective, and the relationships between colors. Such knowledge enables artists to create more accurate and compelling representations. Visual Literacy: By studying various concepts, artists develop visual literacy—the ability to interpret and create visual messages. This skill is essential not only in art but also in fields like design, education, and communication, where visual elements play a significant role. Enhancing Creativity Inspiration and Innovation: Gathering diverse concepts can spark creativity and lead to innovative ideas. Exposure to different styles, techniques, and subjects encourages artists to experiment and push their boundaries, resulting in unique artistic expressions. Problem-Solving: Understanding various concepts equips artists with problem-solving skills. When faced with challenges in their work, such as how to depict movement or emotion, artists can draw upon their knowledge of different techniques or styles to find effective solutions. Improving Technical Skills Skill Development: Learning about concepts related to drawing techniques—such as shading, composition, and color theory—allows artists to refine their technical skills. This knowledge enables them to execute their ideas more effectively and with greater precision. Iterative Learning: The process of sourcing concepts often involves trial and error. Artists learn from their mistakes and successes, leading to continuous improvement in their craft. This iterative approach fosters resilience and adaptability in artistic practice. Facilitating Communication Expressing Ideas Clearly: By sourcing concepts, artists can better articulate their thoughts and emotions through their work. A solid understanding of visual language allows them to convey messages more effectively, making their art resonate with viewers. Cultural Context: Understanding the cultural significance of certain concepts enriches an artist's work by adding layers of meaning. This awareness enables artists to connect with diverse audiences and communicate complex ideas through visual storytelling.  REFERENCES The 7 elements of art. Online Art Lessons. (2024, September 1). https://onlineartlessons.com/tutorial/7-elements-of-art/ “Draw a Picture Step-by-step,” n.d. https://www.art-class.net/06-tutorials/drawing/draw-picture.php. Principles of perspective drawing | Tombow. (2022, February 21). Tombow Pen & Pencil GmbH https://www.tomboweurope.com/en/inspiration/perspective-drawing Line - the elements of art. (n.d.)https://thevirtualinstructor.com/line.html The elements of art - shape. (n.d.). https://thevirtualinstructor.com/Shape.html What is Proportion in Art — Definition and Examples. StudioBinder. https://www.studiobinder.com/blog/what-is-proportion-in-art-definition/#:~:text=Altered%20pro portion%20artwork%20refers%20to,more%20stylized%20and%20expressive%20compositions. Slideshare. (2024a, March 31). Q4-module1 and 2 safety procedures and sourcing.ppt. SlideShare. https://www.slideshare.net/slideshow/q4module1-and-2-safety-procedures-and-sourcingppt/2670 37787  APPENDICES Appendix A This part of the appendix provides further details related to the Basic Concept of Perspective and proportion in terms of illustrations. Perspective - Linear Perspective A technique that creates the illusion of depth on a flat surface by converging parallel lines towards a vanishing point on the horizon line. - Atmospheric Perspective: A method that uses color and clarity to suggest depth, where distant objects appear lighter and less detailed than those in the foreground. - One-point Perspective: A system where all lines converge to a single vanishing point, commonly used in depicting straight roads or railway tracks. - Two-point Perspective: Involves two vanishing points on the horizon line that is useful for depicting objects at an angle. Proportion - Scale: defined by the size of the object in relation to other objects or the environment that affects how the viewer perceive the work - Golden Ratio: A mathematical ratio often found in nature, used by artists to create aesthetically pleasing compositions. - Figure Ground Relationship: a function that allows a person to direct their attention to the figure rather than the background. Appendix B This appendix explains how artists use the basic elements of art—line, shape, form, color, texture, value, and space—to create balanced, engaging compositions and convey meaning. 1. Line Usage- Artists use diagonal and curved lines to guide the viewer’s eye across the artwork, suggesting movement. For example, in action scenes, sharp and jagged lines can increase a sense of tension and energy. - Defining Shapes: Lines outline shapes and can create boundaries between different objects or areas in a piece. Bold lines can emphasize forms, while subtle lines can suggest softer edges. 2. Shape Usage- Geometric shapes like squares and triangles often symbolize order, stability, or structure. Organic shapes, on the other hand, are more free-flowing and associated with nature, fluidity, and unpredictability. - Balancing Composition: Artists use a combination of geometric and organic shapes to balance compositions. Too many similar shapes may make an artwork monotonous, while varied shapes create visual interest. 3. Color Usage- Colors can dramatically influence the mood of a piece. Warm colors (reds, yellows, oranges) often evoke energy, warmth, or anger, while cool colors (blues, greens, purples) suggest calmness, serenity, or sadness.  - Colors often carry symbolic meanings (e.g., red for passion or danger, blue for tranquility or sadness), and artists use these associations to enhance the narrative or emotional depth of their work. 4. Space Usage- Positive space refers to the areas occupied by objects, while negative space is the empty or open space around them. Skillful use of both creates balanced and visually interesting compositions. Appendix C Few safety procedure in sourcing out concept for ones drawing​ 1. Guidance and Navigation: Safety procedures in art act as a reliable guide, much like a map, helping artists navigate through their creative journey without getting lost or facing unexpected challenges. 2. Appropriateness Check: Artists use safety procedures to ensure the appropriateness of their chosen concepts. This involves considering whether ideas are respectful, inclusive, and align with the artist's intentions, preventing the creation of unintentionally offensive or harmful content. 3. Ethical Exploration: Safety procedures foster a nurturing environment for creativity by encouraging artists to explore diverse perspectives and ideas. 4. Protection from Misunderstandings: Similar to wearing a helmet for physical protection, safety procedures shield creators from unintentionally causing discomfort or misunderstandings  SHORT QUIZ Instruction: Identify what is being asked in the following sentences 1. It is an element of art that can be thought of as a moving dot and has a beginning and an end. - Ans. Line 2. _____ is what lies between around or within an object. - Ans. Space 3. It is a scale of light and dark from pure white through to pitch black. - Ans. Value 4. An element of art that is three dimensional and encloses volume. - Ans. form 5. ____ is created when light is reflected into the viewer's eye. - Ans. color 6. It is a fundamental aspect of art that uses a tool to leave markings on the surface. - Ans. Drawing 7. It is an aspect of an artwork that is taken with other elements that makes up the whole of a work. - Ans. Elements of art 8. It is an essential tool for creating a linear illusion of depth in an art. - Ans. Perspective 9. It is a principle of art that refers to the relationships between height, width, depth and various components in artwork. - Ans. Proportion 10. The most obvious use of line. It is used to define the edges or boundaries of a subject. - Ans. Contour lines. 11. These lines are more complex than contour lines. These lines flow over the form of the subject and can be implied or visible. - Ans. Cross contour lines 12. This refers to proportions that are created correctly when compared to proportions that exist within reality. An example of this is the Vitruvian Man - Ans. Standard proportion 13. It refers to the manipulation of proportion to achieve a specific visual effect. - Ans. Altered proportion. 14. This happens when one or more of its components are too large or small in relation to the subject as a whole. - Ans. Out of proportion Give the Following: 15-16 Give at least 2 things to consider when sourcing out concepts for own drawing. Ans. Any of the ff. a. Do dynamic research b. Think about staging c. Design loosely d. Aim for balance e. Know the rules of value 17-20 Give the four drawing process and procedures in order. 4pts Ans. 1. Sketch of the subject matter 2. Preliminary sketch for the picture 3. Drawing's shading 4. The drawing's last touch