Globalization-Part 1 PDF

GLOBALIZATION An introduction  GLOBALIZATION Globalization is a planetary process or set of processes involving increasing liquidity and growing multidirectional flows of people, objects, places, and information, as well as the structures they encounter and create. Such structure...

GLOBALIZATION An introduction  GLOBALIZATION Globalization is a planetary process or set of processes involving increasing liquidity and growing multidirectional flows of people, objects, places, and information, as well as the structures they encounter and create. Such structures can either act as barriers to or expedite those flows. With the rise of global liquidity or globalization people, forces, or industries all over the world have become more flexible. Such as they're more mobile, readily able to communicate, travel, and adapt to changes, they have the power to shape their lives according to their wants and the world right now GLOBALIZATION CAN BE ANALYZED THROUGH CONCEPTUAL METAPHORS, INCLUDING THOSE OF “SOLIDS,” “LIQUIDS,” “FLOWS,” “STRUCTURES,” “HEAVY,” AND “LIGHT”. SOLIDITY Solidity also refers to the persistence of the barriers that prevented the free movement of people, information, and objects in that era.  LIQUID A range of technological developments in transportation and communication have enabled rapidly increasing global movement of what was previously solid Globalization is increasingly characterized by flows of liquid phenomena, including people, objects, decisions, information, and places. In spite of the greater liquidity and ever‐increasing flows of various types, the world is still characterized by great inequality. While globalization flows more easily through the global North, it bypasses many locales in the less developed South. FLOWS Themovement of people, things, information, and places due, in part, to the increasing porosity of global barriers. HEAVY Pre‐industrial and industrial societies were “heavy,” characterized by that which is difficult to move Advances in transportation and technology made goods, people, and places lighter STRUCTURAL BARRIERS These serve to differentiate and subordinate people on the basis of social class, race, ethnicity, gender, age, sexual orientation, and global region 5 PERSPECTIVES ON GLOBALIZATION First, globalization can be seen as being hardwired into humans, in the form of a basic urge for a better life. This instinct results in the spread of globalization through commerce, religion, politics, and warfare. Second, globalization may be perceived as a long‐term cyclical process. In this view, there have been other global ages prior to the present one, and each age is destined to contract and disappear, after attaining a peak. 5 PERSPECTIVES ON GLOBALIZATION Third, globalization can be viewed as a series of historical phases or waves, each with its own point of origin. A fourth perspective argues that the multiple points of origin of globalization are located in seminal historical events. A fifth view focuses on broader, more recent changes in the twentieth century. It argues that the global processes in motion prior to WW II were more limited in geographic scope and less intensive than the global processes of the late twentieth and early twenty‐first centuries.