Globalization (PDF)

SOCSCI032 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Does the picture speak of realities in the Philippines and the world? If these pictures will form a collage, what will be its primary message? GLOBALIZATION prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa I...

SOCSCI032 THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Does the picture speak of realities in the Philippines and the world? If these pictures will form a collage, what will be its primary message? GLOBALIZATION prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa INTRODUCTION There was a time were most regions were economically self-sufficient. Locally produced foods, fuels and raw materials were generally processed for local consumption. Trade between different regions were quite limited Today, the economies of most countries are so interconnected that they form part of a single, interdependent global economy. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa INTRODUCTION Globalization is arguably the most important factor currently shaping the world economy. Although it is not a new phenomenon (waves of globalization can be traced back to the 1800s) the changes it is bringing about now occur far more rapidly, spread more widely and have a much greater business, economic and social impact than ever before. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa What is Globalization?  Globalization THERE ARE MANY SCHOLARS GAVE AND TRIED TO FORMULATE ITS DEFINITIONS. IT ENCOMPASSES A MULTITUDE OF PROCESSES THAT INVOLVES THE ECONOMY, POLITICAL SYSTEMS, AND CULTURE. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa  Globalization IT HAS GAINED MANY CONNOTIONS PERTAINING TO PROGRESS, DEVELOPMENT, AND INTEGRATION. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa  Globalization OTHERS MAY SAW GLOBALIZATION AS A "POSITIVE PHENOMENON". ON THE OTHER HAND, SOME SEE IT AS OCCURING THROUGH AND WITH REGRESSION, COLONIALISM AND DESTABILZATION. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa  Characteristics of Globalization MOBILITY FREE TRADE CONNECTIVITY BORDERLESS WORLD CULTURAL DIVERSITY INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Origins & History of Globalization  Origins & History of Globalization 1. HARDWIRED 2. CYCLES 3. EPOCH 4. EVENTS 5. BROADER, MORE RECENT CHANGES prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa HARDWIRED CYCLES According to Nayan Chanda, For some, globalization is a long globalization was made possible term cyclical process, thus, finding its because of our basic human need to origin will be a daunting task. make our lives better. Therefore, we can trace that Subscribing to this view will suggest adherence to the idea that other global ages globalization started when our have appeared ancestors in Africa started to walk away to find better food, shelter, etc. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa  1.Globalization of Religion EPOCH 2.European colonial Ritzer (2015) cited Therborn’s conquests (2000) six great epochs of globalization. These are also called 3.Intra-European wars “waves” and each has its own origin. 4.Heyday of European imperialism The difference between epoch and cycles is that it does not treat epochs 5.Post-World War II period as returning. 6.Post-Cold War period prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa  EVENTS CYCLES Scholars today point to these three Specific events are also notable changes as the origin of globalization that we know today. considered as part of the fourth view in explaining 1.The emergence of the United States as the global power (post-World War II) the origin of globalization. 2.The emergence of multinational corporations (MNCs) 3.The demise of the Soviet Union and the end of the Cold War. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Metaphors of Globalization Solid and Liquid SOLIDITY refers to barriers that prevent or make difficult the movement of things. It can be: (1) Natural, and (2) Man-made. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Solid and Liquid LIQUIDITY Refers to the increasing ease of movement of people, things, information, and places in the contemporary World. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Flows Flows are the movement of people, things, places, and information brought by the growing “porosity” of global limitations (Ritzer, 2015). prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Heavy and Light HEAVY It is characterized by that which is difficult to move. Because of their heaviness, workers tended to stay put and what they produced could be moved only with great effort and at great expense. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa Heavy and Light LIGHT Goods and people that are easier or lighter to move because of advances especially in technology. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa  End of Topic The perspective of the person who defines globalization shapes its definition. It is a starting point that will guide the rest of any discussions. prepared by: Ms. Michelle Jane Marfa