Tourism Problems in Host Countries PDF

What problems does tourism bring to the host countries? @ \)e s a, 0 tl) M‘ Study Fig. 2.3. What percent of the tourism revenue goes to a less developed country? @ Study Table 2.1. Compare the differences between a tourist area and a non-tourist area in Shanghai. Tourism development brings c...

What problems does tourism bring to the host countries? @ \)e s a, 0 tl) M‘ Study Fig. 2.3. What percent of the tourism revenue goes to a less developed country? @ Study Table 2.1. Compare the differences between a tourist area and a non-tourist area in Shanghai. Tourism development brings certain problems to the host countries. 1. Economic costs a. Limited economic gain ) Many less developed host countries The United Nations estimates that a less developed country only gets US$ 5 out of evory US$1 00 a tourist epends thers. receive limited profits from tourism. This is because many hotels and shopping malls are owned by transnational corporations. Most of the tourist spending goes to these companies instead of the host countries (Fig. 2.3). Besides, many local people are not well educated. They can only take up low-paid jobs and earn a low income. Host countries ! @ Only % of the touristm reverze, goes to aless developed country. L’;’:’i’r‘g%ggas ) Source: Curiosity Saves Travel (2021 Fig. 23 ’(;"e"vse‘lé’g;zec‘g:;‘;’;‘sfe‘/enue goes to the more b. Seasonal unemployment c. Rising cost of living The demand for tourism-related jobs varies The high purchasing power of tourists seasonally. Plenty of jobs are available often raises the prices of goods and during the high season, but unemployment services in the host countries. This is common in the low season. increases the cost of living there. Less developed country REHEBIR purchasing power SHIZAES Transnational corporation FSE®H Unemployment 53 Low season #ZE 2 Impacts of tourism 2. Social costs a. Imbalanced regional de velopment Tourist aj reas usually have a higher . n i non-tourist i areas, level of development compared with aces ne; i ar tourist spots tend to have better infrastructure and more job i iti . opportunities In contrast, buildings and facilities are old in non-tourist areas. The standard of living is also lower (Table 2.1). Non-taurist area Buildings New / Old New /Old Infrastructure Sufficient / Insufficient Sufficient/ tnsufficient Accessibility Higher / Lower Higher / Lower Hygiene Good., Poor / Poot Good Table 2.1 Comparison between tourist and non-tourist areas in Shanghai b. Worsened living environment The influx of tourists worsens the living environment of the tourist areas. It also puts pressure on transport facilities and other infrastructure. For example, Venice receives over 25 million tourists every year. Serious overcrowding impacts the livelihoods of local communities (Fig. 24). i B - N S Fig. 2.4 Growing number of tourists results in overcrowding in Venice, italy c. Poor public order A larger flow of people may cause more social problems, such as alcohol-related violence, theft and drug dealing. Crime rates may increase as a result. Tourist spot BRISBAZE Drug dealing FRE®E Accessibliity P Crimerate RRHE venice BUBNT ialy BAF| publicorder AR Thet W 3. Cultural costs a. Loss of local culture The invasion of foreign cultures often causes a loss of local traditions. For example, many handicrafts are now mass-produced by machines to meet the increasing demand from tourists. In addition, traditional eating habits and cooking skills are lost to the introduction of foreign restaurants and chain stores (Fig. 2.5). . Change In eating Loss of traditional skills N Each vase is unique but we are facing g habits (Wang o eat toughtimes. fast food! Fig. 2.5 Examples of how tourism leads to the loss of local culture b. Cultural conflicts Tourists from all over the world have different backgrounds & . . IS Wre NG o BUDDHAS of and religions. Cultural conflicts <& e DECORATION Tatro0 e TAR O negy, may arise when tourists have 2 little knowledge about the host countries or do not respect local cultures and customs. i i PLEASE DRESS APPROPR|ATELY For example, some tourists fail TO VISIT TEMPLE P ———— P TS to dress appropriately when entering temples and churches (Fig. 2.6). Cultural conflict 3XAL@ZR O i, e X Fig. 2.6 A temple in Thailand reminds visitors to dress properly Religion R# Custom B b 2 Impacts of tourism 4. Environmental costs a. Pollution . ) 7 Indonesia has too many Tourism brings serious " tourists. [ 2018, we pollution problems to the \ produce 200 000 tonres of solid waste! host countries, Sewage from hotels, rubbish from tourists and waste gas from cars all worsen the quality of the environment (Fig. 2.7). Source: Nature Communications Fig. 2.7 A beach in Indonesia is covered with solid waste b. Ecological damage Ecosystems suffer severe damage when forests and marine resources are exploited for tourism development. In Kenya, for example, many hotels have been built in the nature reserves, which damages wildlife habitats. As a result, animals are unable to find food or reproduce. The ecological balance is upset. In fact, tourists are both friends and foes to the host countries. In the next part, let us take Samui as an example and examine the impacts of tourism on the island. Let's revise Summarise the problems tourism brings to the host countries: Qroblems of tourism I ’ ,t,$ Ry Economy $ $ - v | e economic gain > . E Culture o v regional development o8 unemployrment . - Rising L —Rem Society B o ’ ‘ = Foor — Ecosystem ERERYE living ent environm Hobitat 5L ] Environment & Loss of culture i & Cultural o damage