General Navigation Cheat Sheet PDF

# GEN NAV ## GROUND DISTANCE = GS x TIME - ADTAS TIME - AIRSPEED IND. - PITOT+ STATIC - PRINCIPLE OF OP: IT WORKS ON THE PRINCIPAL OF DYNAMIC PX. ## TURN SLIP INDICATOR (4500 RPM) - THAP-1 - T-TSI - ERRORS - PRINCIPLE BEARING BY PHASE COMPARISON FREQUENCY - A9W - **FREE:** 108-117.975 MHZ (VHF...

# GEN NAV ## GROUND DISTANCE = GS x TIME - ADTAS TIME - AIRSPEED IND. - PITOT+ STATIC - PRINCIPLE OF OP: IT WORKS ON THE PRINCIPAL OF DYNAMIC PX. ## TURN SLIP INDICATOR (4500 RPM) - THAP-1 - T-TSI - ERRORS - PRINCIPLE BEARING BY PHASE COMPARISON FREQUENCY - A9W - **FREE:** 108-117.975 MHZ (VHF BAND) - **CYOR:** REF SIGNAL 30 Hz (FM) VARIABLE SIGNAL 30 Hz (AM) - **RPM LESS:** UNDER DYOR. REF SIGNAL 30 Hz (AM) VARIABLE SIGNAL 30 Hz (FM) - **QDR PHASE DIFF/RADIAL** READ - **H-HORIZONTAL** RPM MORE: OYER - **A-AXIS** - **P-PRECISION** ## DCP DH - TCP DDCP - SGS(0) - O+H - **ERRORS** - **MISC.** - **BLIP DC CORR** - **D. DISTANCE** - **H HOMEBOUND G.S** ## DATES: - **3 JAN** = PERIHILION - **21 MARCH** = SPRING EQUINOX - **21 JUNE:** SUMMER SOLISTICE = APHELION - **23 SEPT** = AUTUMN EQUINOX - **22 DEC:** WINTER SOLISTICE ## FREEDOM - **WHITE ARC:** VSO to VFE - **GREEN ARC:** VSI to VNO - **YELLOW ARC:** VND to INE - **RED LINE:** VNe - **BLUE LINE:** VYSE ## *PNR* - **1-ONE DEGREE** - **J. DPNREOH** (O+H) ## *TPNR* - **E = FOB - RESERVE** - **2 TPNR = EH** (O+H) ## FUEL CONSUMPTION - f/c(0) +flc (n) - Gs (0) Gs (h) ## DEPARTURE - **DPNR:** FOB-RESERVE - **DEPARTURE:** CHLONG x 60x COS LAT - **GC:** ChLAT 60 nm - **Ch LONG x 60 nm x CoS (LAT)** NM ## CONVERGENCY - **CONVERGENCY:** CHLONG & SIN MEAN LAT - **CONVERSION ANGLE:** ½ CONVERGENCY ## SCALE - **SCALE:** - **CL** - - **EL** - - **DA** - - **COS A = 1+0.2km²** ## COMPASS: A FREELY SUSPENDED MAGNET IN EARTHS MAGNETIC FIELD TEND TO TAKE UP APPROX NIS DIRECTION - **A- ACCELERATION** - **T-TURNING** - **P-PARALLAX** ## ALTIMETER: ONLY STATIC PX. PRINCIPAL IT WORKS ON THE PRINCIPAL THAT STATIC PRESSURE DECREASES WITH HEIGHT - LIQUID SWIRL - **ERRORS** - **BLIP TE** - **M-MISALIGNMENT** - **A- ATTITUDE** ## MACH METER - **PITOT + STATIC** - **PRINCIPAL** IT WORKS ON THE PRINCIPAL OF RATIO OF - **DYNAMIC PRESSURE / STATIC PRESSURE** - **ERROR** - **BIP** - **NO ERROR** ## DTC ## RADIO - **SPEED OF EM WAVE 300 MILLION METER SEC / 300000 KM/SEC, 16200NM** - **FREQ NO OF CYCLES / SEL** - **EMISSION CODES** - **NDB NON A1A LNON AZA** - 1) **M.NO = TAS** (iⅱ) **LSS = 38.94 (273 +c)** - **HF-J3E, VDF : VHF - АЗЕ** - **ILSABW YOR-A9W** - **DME PON** ## BAND - **VLF** - **LOF** - **MF** - **VHF** - **UHF** - **SHF** - **EHF** ## ERROS ## VERTICAL SPEED IND: ONLY STATIC PX PRINCIPAL IT WORKS ON THE PRINCIPAL OF RATE OF CHANGE OF STATIC Px - **CLIMB** - **BLIP** UNDER READ - **LEVEL OUT** OVER READ - **F** ## FREQ - **WAVELENGTH** - **3-30 KHz:** 100-10 KM - **30-300 KHZ:** 10-1 KM - **300-3000 KHZ:** 1000-100 M - **3-30 MHZ:** 100-10 M - **30-300 MHz:** 10-1 M - **300-3000 MHZ:** 100-10 CM - **3-30 GHZ:** 10-1 CM - **30-300 GHZ:** 10-1 33 - **L 1-2 GHZ** - **S 2-4 GHZ** - **C4-8 GUZ** - **X 6-12 GHZ** ## IONOSPHERE - **D-75 KM (500 kHz)** - **E-125 KM C2MHz)** - **F-225 KM (3-30MHZ)** ## VDE - **QDM +180** ## RANGEACCURACY - **S-SITE ERROR (Biggest ERROR** - **P-PROPAGATION ERROR/YOR BOALLOPING** - **A-AIRBORNE EQUIP ERROR** - **P-PILOTAGE ERROR** - **A-BEACON ALIGNMENT** ## RAPAE - **1. HT. OF Tx & Rx** - **2. POWER** - **3. NATURE OF TERRAIN** ## AGGREGATE ERROR PROPAGATION + AIRBORNE EQUIP ERROR - **FULL SCALE DEFLECTION-10°** - **ERROR** - **RMI:** ARROW HEAD GIVES QOM TAIL GIVES & DR ## ILS - **PRINCIPAL:** BEARING BY LOBE COMPARISON LEFT (LOCALIZER) - **LOCALISER FREQ:** 108-112 (ODD.DECI) - **COVERAGE:** 25mm ± 10°, 17mm ±35° - **LOCATION:** 300M FROM DEP. END - **FULL SCALE DEFLECTION:** 2.5° ## GLIDE PATH - **FREQ:** 332 MHZ (UHF) - **LIFTED (GLIDE SCOPE)** - **150 H2BLUE SECTOR** - **90 Hz YELLOW SECTOR** - **LOCATION:** GENERAGE: 300m From APPCHEND 150M FOM CENTER - **COVERAGE:** 0.450 to 1.759 GA - **LATERAL COVERAGE:** 10NM ±8" - **FULL SCALE DEFLECTION:** 0.70 ## MARKER - **LOW:** 35-6NM - **MED:** 0-57NM - **HIGH:** 250-1500'ft - **LINE:** 3000 ft ## BEAC02 - **OM BLUE:** 400 H2 - **MM AMBER:** 1800 Hz - **IN WHITE:** 3000 Hz. - **DOT/SEC** - **3000 Ft LALT DASIA DOT SEC** - **2 PASHISEC** ## CATEGORY OF ILS - **CAT I:** 2001 - **CAT II:** 200-100 - **CAT IIIA:** 100-50' - **CAT IIIB:** 50-15 - **CAT IIIC:** 0 ## RVR - **0903:** 300 M - **200 M** - **75-200M** ## RADAR - **PRIMARY RADAR:** ECHO PRINCIPAL TO DETERMINE RANGE - **AND SEARCH LIGHT PRINCIPAL FOR BEARING.** - **SECONDARY RADAR:** IT TRANSMITS PULSE ON ONE FREQ - **AND RECIEVES ON AND THER.** - **MAX RANGE:** R CX PRI OR REPRE - **T² / 2** - **R** - **P** - **T** - **5** ## RADIO ALT- - **FREQ:** 4.2 GHZ - **WAVELENGTH:** 7cm - **SHF BAND** ## PRECISION APPCH RADAR - **AWR** - **SSR** - **DME** - **ASMH** - **PRF** - **2** - **A** - **ASMI** - **G** - **GPWS** ## RPM 60 - **IT CAN BOMETIMES DISTINGUISH BETWEEN TYPES OF AIC** ## AWR - **PRINCIPAL:** ECHO PRINCIPAL FOR RANGE SEARCH LIGHT BRG - **PRINCIPAL:** BEARING BY THE ADCOK AERIAL FREQ: 9375 MHZ, 10 GHZ (X BAND) WAVELENGTH: 3CM ## DIRECTIONAL GYRO PRECISION - **AH-ARTIFICAL HORIZON** (ELEC POWER GROUND 22500 RPMS - **R-RANDOM WANDER** VERTICAL AXIS - **GYROSCOPE IND** (12000 RPM) - **THARP-2** - **T-TIED GYRO** - **ERROR GRAVT** - **G-GIMBAL ERROR** - **AVE-2** - **A-ARTIFICIAL HORIZON** - **ERROR** - **H-HORIZONTAL** - **AT** - **↓** - **A- Axis** - **R-RIGIDITY** to Show HDG - **60** - **2-2 FREEDOM** - **ii) % = ROD x 60 / 6000** - **i) ROD G.Sx A 100 / 6080** - **A-APPARANT WANDER** - **E-EARTH GYRO** - **V-VARYING ROTOR RPM** - **2-2 GIMBAL WANDER** - **P-PRECISION LATITUDE NUT** - **T-TRANSPARENT** - **4-DUCTING** ## A3E - **ACCURACY** - **1. PROPAGATION ERROR** - **2. SITE ERROR** - **3. AIL ALTITUDE** - **4. OVERHEAD STATION** ## NOB - **PRINCIPAL:** BEARING BY LOOP THEORY - **FREQ:** 190-1750 KHZ (LOWER LFutter MF boud) - **NON A1A, NON AZA** - **RANGE:** 200 MM (DAY) 70NM (NIGHT) - **ASIU:** +5 - **PRECIPITATION STATIC NON AIR HAS MORE THUNDERSTORM (BIGO) RANGE THAN NON FIZA** - **COASTAL REFRACTION 2 MORE RANGE OVER ACCU** - **4. NIGHT EFFECT** - **5. QUADRANTAL FRRAR** - **RANGE** - **3.LOW FRES MORE RANGE** - **6.NOFAIL IND. DEVICE TRANS MITTER POWER** - **1. DPERROR** - **POWER INC. 4 TIMES** - **5.DOUBLE RANGE** - **. MOUNTAIN EFFECT** - **STATION EFPECT** - **R-PWR LAND** - **PWR SEA** ## TWO TYPES OF BEAM: - **CONICAL BEAM OR FAN SHAPED BEAM-MAPMODE (0-70nm)** - **CONICAL PENCIL BEAM MAN MODE (70-150nm)** - **WEA MODE (25mm)** ## ALTIMETER - **RADIO** - **PRINCIPAL:** FREQUENCY MODULATED CONTINUOS WAVE - **FREQ:** (4200-4400 MHz) or 4.2 GHZ - **WAVELENGTH:** 7cm - **SHF BAND** - **MEASURES 0-2500' HEIGHT FROM THE LOWEST WHEEL** - **ACCU I5' + 3% OF INDICATED HEIGHT** - **FORMULA:** CHANGE OF FREQ= RATE OF CHANGE * TIME - **MUSHING ERROR:** BECAUSE RX & TX ARE ON DIFF HEIGHT