GEE-301 Human Reproduction PDF

*Colegio San Agustin -- Bacolod* *College of Arts, Sciences & Education\ GEE 301 -- Human Reproduction* ***Human Reproduction & Development Drills*** *NAME: [AMELIE FRANS S. GELVOSA]* *SECTION:[BSN-1B] DATE: [SEPTEMBER 16,2024]* *Fill in the blank or provide a short answer.* 1. The gonads pro...

*Colegio San Agustin -- Bacolod* *College of Arts, Sciences & Education\ GEE 301 -- Human Reproduction* ***Human Reproduction & Development Drills*** *NAME: [AMELIE FRANS S. GELVOSA]* *SECTION:[BSN-1B] DATE: [SEPTEMBER 16,2024]* *Fill in the blank or provide a short answer.* 1. The gonads produce sex cells, also known as [gametes.] 2. The first portion of the duct system of the male reproductive system is the [epididymis.] 3. The glands that produce a thick, yellowish secretion which nourishes and activates sperm are the [seminal vesicles]. 4. The type of sugar that is found in semen and provides essentially all the energy fuel for sperm is called [fructose]. 5. The enlarged tip of the penis is called the glans penis. 6. The sac of skin that houses the testes outside the body is the [scrotum.] 7. The helmet-like region of the sperm that is similar to a large lysosome and assists in penetration of the egg is called the [acrosome.] 8. The process that streamlines spermatids into sperm is known as [spermiogenesis.] 9. The hormone testosterone is produced by the [Leydig (or interstitial)] cells of the testes. 10. Tiny saclike structures within the ovaries in which oocytes are found are called [follicles.] 11. A mature ovarian follicle that is ready to be ejected from an ovary is called a Graafian follicle. 12. The ducts or tubes responsible for receiving the ovulated oocyte and providing the site for fertilization are the [fallopian (or uterine) tubes.] 13. The finger-like projections that partially surround the ovary at the distal end of each uterine tube are called fimbriae. 14. The narrow outlet of the uterus that protrudes into the vagina is the [cervix.] 15. The ligament that anchors the anterior portion of the uterus is called the [round ligament.] 16. The innermost layer of the uterus is a mucosa layer called the [endometrium]. 17. Burrowing of the fertilized egg into the endometrium lining of the uterus is called [implantation.] 18. The fatty, rounded area overlying the pubic symphysis is the [mons pubis.] 19. The labia majora enclose the region known as the [vestibule,] which contains the external opening of the urethra. 20. The process of creating female gametes is called [oogenesis.] 21. The hormone that promotes a small number of primary follicles within the ovary to grow and mature each month is [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH).] 22. The ovum has chromosomes. 23. The follicle-cell capsule surrounding an ovulated secondary oocyte is called the [corona radiata.] 24. The hormone produced by the corpus luteum that helps maintain pregnancy is called progesterone. 25. Days 1-5 of the menstrual cycle are the first phase known as the [menstrual phase.] 26. Mammary glands are modified [sweat] glands. 27. The process by which the acrosome membranes of sperm break down is known as the [acrosomal reaction.] 28. A fertilized egg, which represents the first cell of a new individual, is called a [zygote.] 29. The early stage of embryonic development during which rapid mitotic cell divisions occur as the zygote travels down the uterine tube is called [cleavage.] 30. The primary germ layer that gives rise to the nervous system and epidermis of the skin is called the [ectoderm.] 31. The hormone that causes pelvic ligaments and the pubic symphysis to relax, widen, and become more flexible is called [relaxin.] 32. The series of events that expel the infant from the uterus are referred to collectively as [labor.] 33. The first stage of labor is known as the [dilation] stage. 34. The placenta and its attached fetal membranes, expelled from the uterus during the placental stage of labor, are collectively referred to as the [afterbirth.] 35. Individuals who possess both ovarian and testicular tissues are called [hermaphrodites.] 36. The cessation of ovulation and menses for an entire year is called [menopause.] **Alternate Response. Write TRUE if the statement is correct, and FALSE if otherwise.** 1\) [TRUE] The males' testes have both an endocrine and an exocrine function. 2\) [TRUE] Sperm are matured and ejaculated from the epididymis and ductus (vas) deferens during ejaculation. 3\) [TRUE] The ejaculatory duct passes through the prostate gland. 4\) [FALSE] Urine and sperm are able to pass through the urethra at the same time. 5\) [FALSE] The portion of the male urethra that is surrounded by the prostate is called the membranous urethra. 6\) [TRUE] Hypertrophy of the prostate gland makes urination quite difficult for males. 7\) [TRUE] The bulbourethral glands are located inferior to the prostate gland and produce a clear mucous secretion that aids lubrication during sexual intercourse. 8\) [TRUE] Sperm swim are sluggish in an acidic environment below a pH of 6. 9\) [TRUE] Viable sperm cannot be produced at temperatures below body temperature. 10\) [TRUE] An erection results from blood filling the spongy erectile tissues of the penis. 11\) [TRUE] One primary spermatocyte will undergo meiosis to ultimately form four sperm. 12\) [FALSE] Spermatids are functional sperm. 13\) [TRUE] The acrosome helps a sperm penetrate the follicle cells that surround the egg. 14)[FALSE] The hormone that causes secondary sex characteristics in males is progesterone. 15\) [TRUE] Ovaries contain many tiny saclike structures called ovarian follicles, each of which consists of an immature egg surrounded by one or more layers of follicle cells. 16\) [TRUE] Ovulation occurs when a vesicular (Graafian) follicle releases an egg. 17\) [TRUE] Oocytes are carried toward the uterus by both cilia and peristalsis. 18\) [FALSE]\_ The innermost layer of the uterus is called the myometrium. 19\) [TRUE] When a woman is not pregnant, the endometrial lining of the uterus is sloughed off about every 28 days. 20\) [FALSE] In a female, the labia minora are two outer, hair-covered folds of skin that enclose the delicate, hair-free folds called the labia majora. 21\) [TRUE] The external genitalia of a female is also called the vulva. 22\) \_[TRUE] The diamond-shaped region of a female\'s external genitalia found between the anterior end of the labial folds, the anus posteriorly, and the ischial tuberosities is called the perineum. 23\) [TRUE] The cyclic changes that occur monthly in the ovary constitute the ovarian cycle. 24\) [TRUE] A primary oocyte undergoes meiosis and produces a secondary oocyte and a polar body. 25\) [FALSE] Ovulation occurs during the secretory phase of the uterine (menstrual) cycle. 26)[TRUE] Estrogens cause the appearance of secondary sex characteristics in females. 27\) [TRUE] Progesterone is produced by the corpus luteum and is needed for maintenance if a female becomes pregnant. 28\) [TRUE] Ovulation usually occurs on or about day 14 of the menstrual cycle. 29\) [FALSE] Oocytes are viable for 48-72 hours once ovulated from the ovary. 30)[TRUE] The rapid mitotic cell division that occurs after the fertilization of an egg is known as cleavage. 31\) [FALSE] The two functional areas of the blastocyst are the morula and the trophoblast. 32\) [FALSE] The endoderm gives rise to the nervous system and the epidermis of the skin. 33)[TRUE] Beginning at the ninth week of development, the embryo is referred to as a fetus. 34)[TRUE] The process of childbirth is known as parturition. 35\) [TRUE] The cervix typically dilates to about 10 cm during the dilation stage of labor. 36\) [TRUE] The placenta and its attached fetal membranes, delivered during the placental stage of labor, are called the afterbirth. 37\) [FALSE] When a year has passed without menstruation, a woman has reached menarche. **MATCHING. Write the letter only.** *Identify the cell or stage of production:* A\) oogonium B\) spermatids C\) secondary oocyte D\) spermatogonium E\) polar body F\) sperm G\) oogenesis H\) ovum I\) secondary oocyte J\) primary spermatocytes K\) spermiogenesis 1\) [C] Cell released from the female\'s ovary during ovulation 2)[B] Cells that undergo spermiogenesis in males 3\) [A] Cell produced during mitosis in females 4\) [D] Stem cell in males 5\) [I] Cell ruptured from a vesicular (Graafian) follicle in females 6\) [K] Process that streamlines spermatids into sperm 7\) [A] Stem cell in females 8\) [G] Process that creates ova in females 9\) [B] As a result of spermatogenesis, four of these cells are created 10\) [H] A fertilized secondary oocyte completes meiosis II to form this cell 11\) [F] Functional male gametes 12\) [E] Tiny cell produced by oogenesis *Match the description with the appropriate male reproductive structure.* A\) ductus (vas) deferens B\) penis C\) scrotum D\) seminal vesicles E\) urethra F\) testis G\) prostate H\) ejaculatory duct 13\) [A] Duct connecting epididymis to ejaculatory duct 14)[F] Organ that produces testosterone 15\) [E] Tube that transports either urine or sperm to the exterior of the body 16)[D] Gland that produces a thick, yellowish secretion 17\) [C] Sac of skin found hanging outside the abdominal cavity *Match each description with the appropriate female reproductive structure:* A\) mons pubis B\) clitoris C\) ovary D\) uterine (fallopian) tube E\) vagina F\) uterus G\) labia minora 18)[E] Birth canal 19)[F] Organ that is the typical site of implantation of a fertilized egg 20\) [D] Duct that transports a fertilized egg 21\) [C] Organ that produces eggs 22\) [B] Structure that corresponds to the male penis 23\) [A] Fatty, rounded area overlying the pubic symphysis SHORT ANSWER 1. **Terry is having a vasectomy and is concerned about testosterone levels after the procedure. Explain what he should expect after his vasectomy.** **After a vasectomy, Terry\'s testosterone levels will remain normal as the procedure does not affect hormone production, only sperm transport is blocked. He should adhere to his doctor\'s recovery instructions and attend follow-up appointments to confirm the procedure\'s success.** 2. **What hormones promote ovulation? Describe how the levels of these hormones change in the days before ovulation.** **Ovulation is promoted by luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). FSH levels rise at the beginning of the menstrual cycle to stimulate follicle growth and peak just before ovulation. LH levels surge about 24 to 36 hours prior to ovulation, triggering the release of the egg.** 3. **List and describe the three stages of labor.** **The three stages of labor are as follows:** ** Dilation: The cervix dilates to 10 cm, contractions increase, and the amnion ruptures. It is the longest stage lasting 6 to 12 hours.** ** Expulsion: The baby passes through the cervix and vagina, lasting up to 2 hours, with the head-first position being normal.** ** Placental Stage: The placenta is delivered within 15 minutes after birth, and it is essential to remove all placental fragments to prevent postpartum bleeding.**