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Summary

This document contains lecture notes on “Psychology”. It covers various topics including personality theories, different types of emotions, and motivational theories.

Full Transcript

1a 2a 3b 4a 5b 6b 7b 8b 9b 10a 11a 12b 13a 14b 15a 16b 17a 18a 19a 20a 21a 22b 23a 24 謹慎 Neuroticism no a big thing is about how frequent you hv bad...

1a 2a 3b 4a 5b 6b 7b 8b 9b 10a 11a 12b 13a 14b 15a 16b 17a 18a 19a 20a 21a 22b 23a 24 謹慎 Neuroticism no a big thing is about how frequent you hv bad feeling open to try new thing and unusual hv good plan and follow the plan they are interrelated ID, ego, supervisor conscious /preconcious/ unconscious superego: eg. super visor / parent unconscious level: don't remember the detail unconscious is the biggest part can't record the detail -> big in uence on our personality anymore like adult eg. children Ego:try to balance the sexual energy(Id) and reality(ego) superego: monitor both id and ego check if ego follow moral and ethical value 防禦機制 Repression: dont want to remember the painful memories Denial: don't want to accept the painful experience/fact rechannelled your sexual energy to some 0-1.5 years old socially acceptable activity 1.5-3 3-6 6-12 12-18 libido= sexual energy repression vs sublimation: repression : only repressed Sublimation: Repressed + rechannelled 敏感帶 eg. baby love to put thing into mouth 肛⾨ ⽣殖器 11/12 years old ⽣殖器 操縱 Topic 2 由⾃主神經系統觸發的⽣理喚醒狀態 ⼿勢 評價 better connection with others 認知 even little baby would express their facial can read can observe e.g. smile = happy facial feedback hypothesis boys vs. Girls western vs. Asian 3 theory & 1 model 丘腦 can have more than 1 emotion happen to the same issue Drive-reduction >> pushed Incentive theory >> pull eg. join this course because other said this course can get good grade eg. you are interested in the course itself 7 step by step lastly, you can maintain your motivation topic 3 all the thing clear but still need processing information to solve the problem well-de ned --> we have all the thing in hand, if miss any information--> ill-de ned method of solving problem algorithm: step by step proceger--> if you do all the step, can guarantee the correct answer Heuristic: refer to past experience of solving problem (short cut) correct answer cannot be guarantee step by step short cut guarantee correct answer but need more time cannot guarantee a correct answer but save time cannot say which one is better For Algorithms: go to all supermarket and jot down the price --> you can found out the cheapest one ( correct answer guaranteed)*but it is wasting time For Heuristic: ask friend which supermarket would be cheaper--> you friend reply you base on the past experience --> the supermarket maybe cheap 2 week before--> outdated information (cannot guarantee correct answer) pay attention to these 3 thing when doing test 1. test - retest : 2 set of test 2. Alternate form reliability: different forms but same set of question (eg. order of questions are different 3. Split-half reliability: split 1 test into half test valid --> test reliable test reliable --> test can be not valid eg. you have a better uid intelligence compare to old ppl. eg. your parents have a better crystallized intelligence compare to you, they have more experience than you both are important in determining intelligence topic 4 both positive & negative stress need optimal amount of stress to help us move for ward tell us why we have more than 1 emotion at the same time *** 5 sources of stress eg. start to search for a new job con ict refer to making choice in this slides eg. HKU / UST eg. associate degree or retake DSE Realistic Failures: choice that have both +ve / -ve aspects --> really fail in exam unrealistic failure: think that your performance was bad after exam -> you think you will fail in exam expectation from others boyfriend gift to you but you cannot feel happy in the time of lot of work compared to the time which nothing to do type A vs Type B Hardiness personality--> everything positive I let employee to have more control in hand, adopt their own way to do its work (not only making decision work underload can also create stress, don't know their contribution to the organization 1

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