Purposive Communication Fundamentals PDF

FUNDAMETALS OF COMMUNICATION Responding to these symbols COMMUNICATION used in meaningful The word communication has communication through been derived from the Latin various appropriate channels...

FUNDAMETALS OF COMMUNICATION Responding to these symbols COMMUNICATION used in meaningful The word communication has communication through been derived from the Latin various appropriate channels word “communis”, which fulfills its purpose of making means common or to share. connections. Is the art and process of A channel of communication creating and sharing ideas. such as airwaves or sound Effective communication waves shapes the way we depends on the richness of respond to the message we those ideas. received. Is a process of making To communicate is to express connections with people thoughts and emotions through verbal and nonverbal through verbal and nonverbal approaches. platforms. It is one of the more essential Body language, facial human activities that enable expressions, and the tone of us to make connections, create one’s voice all contribute to meanings, and nurture convey thoughts and emotions understanding. It is an activity in a non-verbal manner. Often, that we practice every day these non-verbal elements with the people around us. stress and 2 enhance what one When we communicate, we wishes to communicate. send messages that are Appreciating and received and understood understanding these elements through the symbols that are may help you initiate and used. sustain more effective These symbols are shared in a communication for various specific culture; they may be purposes. verbal, such as spoken or written words, or non-verbal, Your facial expression, tone of voice, and appearance are non-verbal such as gestures, facial expressions, and appearances. IKDL elements that contribute to effective understanding to fate; one communication. They may: must also learn how to organize one’s thoughts, assert and/or hide one’s control one’s emotions, use identity one’s words to articulate stress and/or dismiss the concepts and arguments, and importance of an idea express oneself in the best evoke a certain emotion or way possible. feeling Today, more than ever, we find demonstrate one’s attitude ourselves navigating through reveal one’s values different communities sharing allow and/or control common spaces. participation communication has never It is a mistake to believe that been so fascinating yet so communication is a simple process. complex as in today’s multicultural world. Although people Connecting with people has communicate with one become instant in this another every day, the real advanced age also known as question is whether the ideas Digital Age due to the one has expressed are truly availability of different understood by another. technologies around us. communication breakdowns through the Internet, happen in every part of the communicating with another globe, and these have led to a human being is just a second plethora of problems. away but cultivating a good. Ineffective communication relationship is another thing. can breach peace, spark The communication process is revolutions, and affect change composed of several stages, in the government. To each of which offers potential communicate properly, one barriers to successful cannot simply strive to communication express oneself and leave IKDL  ELEMENTSOF COMMUNICATION ENCODING SOURCE/SENDER Is the process of taking your Is the one who encodes a message and transmitting it message or information to the into a format that can be receiver who accepts it. shared with another party. It’s Encodes a message to be sent. sort of like how messages are He/she formulates ideas, sent via a mobile phone. The thoughts, opinions or feelings information that will be in his/her mind. shown on the screen has to be You, as a sender, need to be encoded or typed before clear about the message you sending it to the receiver. want to convey. The message has to be sent in You must know what exactly it a form that is possible for the is that you want to receiver to decode or the communicate. message will not be conveyed. You’ll also want to be sure of To send or encode a message your objective and of the properly, you have to know result that you expect. Not and understand your target knowing these will make the audience/receiver. You have to communication process that take into consideration what you started a failure. Also, you they know and what they need must encode the information to know. into a form that is suitable to is the process of taking your the communication channel. message and transmitting it MESSAGE into the proper format for Is simply the information that sharing it with your receiver. you want to transmit. Without It requires knowing your the message, there is no receiver/audience and reason for communicating. ensuring that your message Is the information to be sent provides all of the information by means of a channel or that the receiver/audience medium. needs.. IKDL  CHANNEL to read and comprehend, Is the method/s that you use listen actively, or ask clarifying to convey your message. the questions when needed. type of message you have will is the process of receiving the help to determine the channel message accurately and that you should use. requires that your audience Channels include face-to-face has the means to understand conversations, telephone calls the information you are or videoconferences, and sharing. written communication like RECEIVER/DECODER emails and memos. Is the person to whom you The use of language in send your message. This conveying the information person will also be the one to should be taken into do the decoding of that consideration. It is important message. that you transfer the message The receiver will interpret the clearly to eliminate likely message that you will send causes of confusion and through his/her expectations, misunderstanding. opinions, and perspectives. Your receiver will decode and His/her personal experiences understand messages in will greatly affect how your different ways based upon any message is received. barriers to communication is the person who which might be present decodes/receives the refers to the medium where message. He/she gives the sender sends his/her feedback to the sender. message. FEEDBACK DECODING Is expected to give a response Occurs when you receive the on how he/she has message that has been sent. understood the information The communication skills sent either through verbal or required to decode a message non-verbal communication. successfully include the ability IKDL  It is essential to pay attention you are thinking of what food to this feedback in order to to eat. assess whether the message has been clearly transferred and understood as intended or in case there are confusions, it EXTERNAL NOISE can be corrected. On the other hand, is the noise is the effect/impact of the or interference in the communication activity. surroundings. Listener’s response can be This can be a distracting verbal, non-verbal or in sound of an electric fan, siren written form. or shouting of students along NOISE the corridor. Communication is not always CONTEXT smooth because of the barrier This refers to the situation or that interferes in the setting in which communication process. communication takes place. is the barrier or interference refers to the situation or in the communication process setting where the This barrier is called noise. There communication is taking are two kinds of noise. place. INTERNAL NOISE There are two types of contexts: the Happens when something is physical and temporal. bothering you. In the classroom, you may be looking at your professor who is discussing but your mind is somewhere else. You might be thinking about a problem at home or you might be hungry at the moment and IKDL  PHYSICAL In this model, the speaker has the refers to the setting itself most vital role and is the only active which includes location, time, in it which made it known as “the speaker centered model”. weather or noise level. mainly focuses on the speaker and TEMPORAL speech and broadly divides on the other hand, are what Speaker, Speech, Occasion, people expect from a given Audience and Effect. Speaker has the role to the situation based on experience. audience which makes them MODELS OF COMMUNICATION passive and influenced by the Conceptual models are used to speech. This communication model explain the human also shows a one-way process from the speaker to the receiver. communication process with Speech must be organized by the the basic concept of sending speaker beforehand in accordance and receiving messages or to his/her target audience and conveying information from occasion. The speech will serve to sender to receiver. persuade and influence the Communication models audiences therefore it must be clear as the speaker must have a decent explain the framework on how non-verbal communication with communication takes place. the spectators like eye contact. are frameworks that explain how communication works. The importance of the elements in the communication process and how effective communication can be achieved. It also discusses how barriers affect communication. ARISTOTLE’S LINEAR MODEL Was proposed before 300 B.C. and was considered to be the first communication model. IKDL  SHANNON AND WEAVER MODEL Demonstrates the message that was encoded by the sender and transfers it to the receiver through an industrial channel like telephone and telegraph. OSGOOD AND SCHRAMM MODEL shows that the receiver plays In 1954, Wilbur Schramm the passive role in the (1907-1987) created a model communication process as showing that both the sender sender plays the primary role and the receiver can transmit that sends messages and receive the message The message was converted making it a cycle of by the sender into codes that communication. are sent through a medium. It involves encoding where the Decoding of messages was sender translates the message done by the receiver before and decoding where the understanding and receiver creates meaning out interpreting it. of the sent message. In some cases, a receptor is an improved version of machine can act as a decoder communication model that although the channel can have shows both sender and noise and the receiver might receiver can be the source of not have a capacity to decode information and can be both which might cause some receivers of information difficulties in the process. IKDL  The idea was adapted by another theorist Charles Egerton Osgood (1916-1991) thus the theory was termed Schramm and Osgood model of communication. The linear model of communication was replaced by Osgood as circular while Schramm added the field of experience. The field of experience refers to the background, values, beliefs and attitude that the person has that affects his/her way of communicating. IKDL