GE 1 M2.pdf

It is the scientific study of HUMAN CULTURE through TIME and SPACE This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC It is an academic field for understanding the interconnections and interdependence of biological and cultural aspect...

It is the scientific study of HUMAN CULTURE through TIME and SPACE This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC It is an academic field for understanding the interconnections and interdependence of biological and cultural aspects of human experiences in all time and places. NATURE AND NURTURE NATURE Genetic inheritance which sets individual’s potentials ONE’S SOCIO- CULTURAL ENVIRONMENT This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND ENCULTURATION the process by which an individual learns the traditional content of a culture and assimilates its practices and values.   Culture a complex whole which includes knowledge, belief, art, morals, law, custom and other capabilities and habits acquired by man as THE CULTURAL a member of society.” – Edward Tylor, British Anthropologist  Anthropologists have emphasized that culture is CONSTRUCTION not behavior itself but the shared understandings that guide behavior and are OF SELF AND expressed in behavior.  Culture provides patterns or “WAYS of LIFE” IDENTITY  Culture is diverse, self and identity may have different meanings in different culture THE S E L F AS CULTURE EMBEDDED IN C U LT U R E a system of inherited conceptions expressed in symbolic forms by means of which people communicate, perpetuate, and develop their knowledge about and attitudes toward life. - Clifford Geertz Humans are considered as cultural animals as they create the meanings of objects, persons, behaviors, emotions and events and then behave in accordance to those meanings they assumed as true Perhaps, the most important contribution of anthropology is providing insights into the nature of self based on continuous understanding of the basic elements of culture  MATERIAL CULTURE  refers to the objects or belongings of a group of people  (such as automobiles, stores, and the physical structures where people worship).   NONMATERIAL CULTURE  consists of the ideas, attitudes, and beliefs of a society. MATERIAL AND NONMATERIAL  Examples: ASPECTS OF  Clothing, hairstyles, and jewelry are CULTURE ARE part of material culture, but the appropriateness of wearing certain clothing for specific events reflects LINKED, AND nonmaterial culture.  A school building belongs to PHYSICAL material culture, but the teaching methods and educational standards OBJECTS OFTEN are part of education’s nonmaterial culture. SYMBOLIZE CULTURAL IDEAS. ETHNIC IDENTITY The sameness of the self with others, that is, to a consciousness of sharing certain characteristics (e.g., language, culture, etc.) Identity is understood as a disposition of basic personality features acquired mostly during childhood and,once integrated, more or less fixed. There are two ways in which the concept of self is viewed in different societies: 1.EGOCENTRIC 2.SOCIOCENTRIC EGOCENTRIC VIEW the self is seen as an autonomous and distinct individual. Each person is defined as a replica of all humanity but capable of acting independently from others.  SOCIOCENTRIC VIEW, The self is contingent on a situation or social setting. This is a view of the self that is context-dependent which emphasizes that there is no intrinsic self that can possess enduring qualities (Robbins, 2012).  S E L F IN FAMILIES Human beings as born virtually helpless and the dependency period of a human baby to its parents for nurturing is relatively longer than most animals. For us human beings, our capacity for LEARNING is critical to actualize our potential of becoming humans. S E L F IN FAMILIES In trying to achieve the goal of becoming a fully realized human, a CHILD enters a system of relationships, the most important of which is the FAMILY YOU learn the WAYS of LIVING …. and your SELFHOOD by being in a FAMILY This Photo by Unknown Author is licensed under CC BY-NC-ND