Unit 2: The Self in Adolescent Stage (OCR)

THE SELF IN ADOLESCENT STAGE Unit 2 The Physical Aspects of the Self Tool No. 1 PHYSICAL SELF tangible aspect of the person that can be directly observed and examined as we interact with our environment and fellow beings. PHYSICAL SELF SELF-CONCEPT to...

THE SELF IN ADOLESCENT STAGE Unit 2 The Physical Aspects of the Self Tool No. 1 PHYSICAL SELF tangible aspect of the person that can be directly observed and examined as we interact with our environment and fellow beings. PHYSICAL SELF SELF-CONCEPT totality of perceptions that each person has of themselves. IDEAL SELF  The more an individual feels happy with his or her physique, the higher his or her self-esteem becomes. SEXUAL ASPECTS OF THE SELF  SEX AND SEXUALITY SEX SEXUALITY Refers to the physical Sexuality as a central aspect of being human throughout life encompasses sex, gender identities characteristics that identify a and roles, sexual orientation, eroticism, pleasure, intimacy, and reproduction. person as either male or female Refers to feelings, behaviors, attitudes and values that are determined by nature. related to: Sex has to do with: Sex Being in love Type of genital organs one has Sexual intercourse (penis, vagina) Sex organs Sexual preference Ability to produce sperms or ova Religious and cultural views on sexuality How we define what is male or female  Why don’t we teach or talk about sexuality It is believed teaching young people about sexuality will encourage them to engage in sexuality activities Those who talk about sexuality are considered to be sexually loose People are shy/embarassed to talk/teach about sexuality Some people feel guilty, ashamed, dirty or even bad about same aspects of their own sexuality In some communities it is a taboo to teach or talk about sex or sexuality CIRCLES OF SEXUALITY SENSUALITY Is awareness and feeling about your own body and other people’s bodies. SENSUALITY This part of our sexuality affects our behavior in several ways: ✓ Need to understand anatomy and physiology ✓ Feeling physical attraction for another person ✓ Satisfying skin hunger ✓ Fantasy  INTIMACY The ability and need to be EMOTIONALLY CLOSE to another human being and have that closeness returned.  INTIMACY Aspects of intimacy include: ✓ Liking or loving another person ✓ Caring and sharing ✓ Emotional Risk-taking/ self-disclosure  INTIMACY Unfortunately, intimacy established through caring and good communication is not always a part of adolescent’s sexual experiences  SEXUAL IDENTITY Understanding of who you are sexually; including the sense of being male or female, culturally- defined gender roles, and sexual orientation SEXUAL IDENTITY Sexual identity can be thought of as three interlocking pieces that, together, affect how each person sees herself or himself. Each “piece” of sexual identity is important: 1. GENDER IDENTITY 2. GENDER ROLE 3. SEXUAL ORIENTATION  SEXUAL IDENTITY GENDER IDENTITY- is how you feel inside; one's innermost sense of being male or female, a blend of both or neither GENDER ROLE- knowing what it means to be male or female, or what a man or woman can or cannot do because of their gender. ❖ determined by the way male and female bodies are built ❖ culturally determined There are many “rules” about what men and women can/should do that have nothing to do with the way their bodies are built. This aspect of sexuality is especially important for young adolescents to understand, since peer and parent pressures to be “macho” or “feminine” increase at this age. Both boys and girls need help sorting out how perceptions about gender roles affect whether they are encouraged or discouraged to make certain choices regarding relationships, leisure activities, education and careers.  SEXUAL IDENTITY SEXUAL ORIENTATION- an innate or immutable enduring physical, emotional, romantic or sexual attraction to another person Sexual orientation generally begins to emerge by adolescence. Because of negative social messages, young adolescents who are experiencing sexual attraction to, and romantic feelings for, someone of their own gender may need support from adults who can help teens clarify their feelings and accept their sexuality. SEXUAL HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION -One’s capacity to reproduce and the behaviors and attitudes that make sexual relationships healthy, physically and emotionally.  SEXUAL HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION Specific aspects of sexual behavior and reproduction that belong in this circle include: ❑ Factual information about reproduction ❑ Feelings and attitudes ❑ Sexual Intercourse ❑ Contraceptive information  SEXUAL HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION Factual information about reproduction- is necessary to understand how male and female reproductive systems work and how conception occurs. Adolescents typically have inadequate information about their own or their partner’s bodies. They need the information that is essential for making informed decisions about sexual behavior and health.  SEXUAL HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION Feelings and attitudes- are wide-ranging when it comes to sexual behavior and reproduction, especially health-related topics such as sexually transmitted diseases and the use of contraception. Talking about these issues can increase adolescent’s self-awareness and empower them to make healthy decisions about their sexual behavior.  SEXUAL HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION Sexual intercourse- is one of the most common human behaviors, capable of producing sexual pleasure and/or pregnancy. In programs for young adolescents, discussion of sexual intercourse is often limited to male-female vaginal intercourse, but all young people need information about the three types of intercourse people commonly engage in- oral, anal and vaginal.  SEXUAL HEALTH AND REPRODUCTION Contraceptive information- describes all available contraceptive methods, how they work, where to obtain them, their effectiveness and side effects. The use of latex condoms for disease prevention must be stressed. Even if young people are not currently engaging in sexual intercourse, they will in the future. They must know how to prevent pregnancy an/or disease.  SEXUAL POWER OVER OTHERS Using sex or sexuality to influence, manipulate, or control other people such as seduction, flirtation, harassment, sexual abuse or rape. Teens need to know that no one should exploit them sexually. They need to practice skills to avoid or fight unhealthy sexualization should it occur in their lives. HUMAN SEXUAL BEHAVIORS  HUMAN SEXUAL BEHAVIORS any activity that induces sexual arousal. Listed below are the different sexual behaviors: Masturbation- the induction of a state of erection of the genital organs and achievement of orgasm by touching your own genitals for sexual stimulation Sexual fantasies- almost any mental imagery that is sexually arousing or erotic to the individual Kissing and erotic touching- also called intimate touching Oral-genital stimulation- stimulating your partner’s genital with your mouth, lips or tongue. Traditional/coital- defined as sexual intercourse Anal Intercourse- according to APA, it is a form of sexual activity in which pleasure is achieved through the insertion of the penis into the anus. Also called coitus analis Celibacy- abstain from sexual activity; also known as abstinence Responsible sexual behavior entails the following: ✓Respect for one’s body. This would ✓Being guided by one’s personal mean taking care of one’s body and beliefs and core values. An avoiding activities that undermine adolescent should always be one’s worth and respect. grounded by his personal principles ✓Maturity in thoughts and deeds. and self-worth. This would refer to being objective, ✓Being future-oriented. Instead of rational, and calm, instead of being focusing on the present, always swept by one’s emotions. weigh your actions now with possible consequences in the future. Sexual pleasure might be overwhelming at the moment but always focus on what it will entail in the future. THE CONSEQUENCES OF SEXUAL CHOICE  EARLY PREGNANCY Adolescents in the Philippines are also at risk for multiple and frequent pregnancies. The following factors contribute to shorter birth intervals and multiple pregnancies in adolescence: 1) lower educational attainment and economic status 2) poor access to contraception exacerbated by legal barriers to access modern contraception 3) challenges in the implementation of comprehensive sexuality education (see below); and 4) limited service delivery points providing adolescent and youth- friendly sexuality and reproductive health services  SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE BACTERIAL SEXUALLY VIRAL SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASE TRANSMITTED DISEASE CHLAMYDIA HIV GONORRHEA GENITAL HERPES SYPHILIS HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS  CHLAMYDIA A bacterial infection of the genitals, anus, or throat. This disease usually causes no symptoms. Chlamydia can cause pain during urination, itching around the sexual organs of a person, and, critically, a problem called pelvic inflammatory disease in women. This problem can lead to infertility in women affected with chlamydia. Treatment-Antibiotics Over 1 million cases are reported each year. The highest proportion of cases is among women aged 15 to 24.  GONORRHEA A bacterial infection of the genitals, anus, or throat. Burning during urination, causes a wonderful colorful discharge from the penis in men. It is usually pretty yellow, green, or white in color and can also cause the testicles to become very painful. In women, gonorrhea also cause pain during urination, and, if left untreated, can result in the inability to have children, just like chlamydia. Treatment-antibiotics About 300,000 new cases are reported each year. The highest rates are among women aged 15 to 24 and men aged 20 to 24.  SYPHILIS Syphilis is the STD that is famously known for causing a painless sore, called a chancre, at the point where the bacterium enters the body. The problem with syphilis is that it likes to disappear inside the body for decades without causing the person any trouble. However, when it reappears, it ends up causing everything from blindness to difficulty walking to dementia and eventually death. Treatment-antibiotics About 45,000 new cases are reported each year  Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) It is a virus that can be transmitted by anal, oral, or vaginal sex with an infected person, as well as through breast milk, during childbirth, and by coming into contact with the blood of an HIV positive person. In its early stages, HIV has no symptoms. Once the illness has progressed, the first symptoms may include fever, rashes, and sores. Untreated, HIV can lead to AIDS, which compromises the immune system and puts the person at risk of illness and death. In its final stage, a person with AIDS may suffer from a variety of illnesses, including pneumonia and cancer. Treatment-antiretroviral therapy  GENITAL HERPES a sexually transmitted infection mainly caused by a virus called herpes simplex virus 2. This virus is in the same family that causes the cold sores that pop up on your lip for everyone to see. Except genital herpes causes sores in the unspeakable regions down below. Treatment-antivirals  HUMAN PAPPILOMAVIRUS (HPV) This is a virus that has been linked to causing warts and cervical cancer you should be aware that there is a safe and effective vaccine that is available that can help protect you against the diseases HPV causes. Healthy Behavior to prevent consequences of our sexual choice: ✓ Avoid casual, unprotected sex ✓ Use latex condoms ✓ Never share needles ✓ Never share razors & tattoo or piercing instruments ✓ Always be a self-advocate with medical professionals ✓ Assertively discuss protection with partners ✓ Abstain or refrain from sexual activities ✓ Be more sexually aware but less sexually active  Thus, it is important that an adolescent should make responsible decisions with regard to their sexuality and sexual behavior.  GENDER IDENTITY AND SEXUAL ORIENTATION  SEX is used to describe what you are assigned at birth, based on what’s in between your legs. It is defined by genitals. GENDER refers to the attitudes, feelings, and behaviors that a given culture associates with a person’s biological sex.  GENDER IDENTITY CISGENDER – a person who identifies with the sex they were assigned at birth TRANSGENDER– a person whose gender identity does not match the sex they were assigned at birth NON-BINARY: ❑ BIGENDER- identify themselves as both man and woman ❑ DEMIGENDER- individuals who feel a partial connection to a particular gender identity. (demiboy/demigirl) ❑ GENDERFLUID- have a gender identity or expression that is not fixed and is capable of changing over time ❑ GENDERQUEER- gender identity or expression that falls between or outside male and female categories ❑ INTERGENDER- have a gender identity between genders, or a combination of gender identities and expressions ❑ PANGENDER- gender identity that is comprised of all or many gender identities and expressions ❑ AGENDER- having no specific gender; also called as lack of gender  GENDER DYSPHORIA To avoid the stigma of individuals who see and feel themselves in having different gender than their assigned gender, DSM-5 replaces the diagnostic name "gender identity disorder" with gender dysphoria. For a person to be diagnosed with gender dysphoria, there must be a marked difference between the individual’s expressed/experienced gender and the gender others would assign him or her, and it must continue for at least six (6) months. In children, the desire to be of the other gender must be present and verbalized. This condition causes clinically significant distress or impairment in social, occupational, or other important areas of functioning (DSM‐5 [American Psychiatric Association, 2013]).  GENDER DYSPHORIA Signs of gender dysphoria: People with gender dysphoria may have changed their appearance, their behaviour or their interests. They may also show signs of discomfort or distress, including: low self-esteem becoming withdrawn or socially isolated depression or anxiety taking unnecessary risks neglecting themselves 4 W’S (Philippine LGBT Chamber of Commerce) W-hat parts you have (sexual characteristics) W-ho you are attracted to (sexual orientation) W-hich gender you are or how you identify yourself (gender identity) W-ay you are or how you express yourself (gender expression) PARAPHILIA AND PARAPHILIC DISORDERS PARAPHILIA- is an any form PARAPHILIC DISORDERS A. Define the nature of paraphilia: of sexual behavior or 6 months or more of intense sexually atypical sexual practices arousing fantasies/urges/behavior involving: differing markedly from the standards set up by a given -nonhuman objects society, commonly used -suffering/humiliation of person term previously as sexual -children/non-consenting persons deviance. B. Specify the negative consequences of the paraphilia (distress, impairment, or harm to self/others)  To be diagnosed with a paraphilic disorder, DSM-5 requires that people with these interests: feel personal distress about their interest, not merely distress resulting from society’s disapproval; or have a sexual desire or behavior that involves another person’s psychological distress, injury, or death, or a desire for sexual behaviors involving unwilling persons or persons unable to give legal consent. END OF THE DISCUSSION ☺ PREPARED BY: KRISTINE BABIE R. FRANCISCO