General Botany Course Description PDF

‫بسم الله‬ ‫الرحمن الرحيم‬ ‫جامعة‬ ‫العلوم ‪/‬‬ ‫كلية طيبة‬ ‫قسم األحياء‬ ‫المقرر‪ :‬علم النبات‬ ‫‪General Botany‬‬ ‫‪BIOB 101‬‬  ‫المقرر‬ ‫‪BIOB 101‬‬ ‫نبات عام ‪General Botany‬‬ ‫عدد الساعات‪3 :‬‬ ‫الشعبة...

‫بسم الله‬ ‫الرحمن الرحيم‬ ‫جامعة‬ ‫العلوم ‪/‬‬ ‫كلية طيبة‬ ‫قسم األحياء‬ ‫المقرر‪ :‬علم النبات‬ ‫‪General Botany‬‬ ‫‪BIOB 101‬‬  ‫المقرر‬ ‫‪BIOB 101‬‬ ‫نبات عام ‪General Botany‬‬ ‫عدد الساعات‪3 :‬‬ ‫الشعبة‪:‬‬ ‫القاعة‪:‬‬ ‫نظري‪:‬‬ ‫عملي‪:‬‬  ‫التقــــييم‬ Schedule of Assessment Tasks for Students During the Semester 5% All weeks Exercises& Home works 1 5% All weeks Participation 2 15% 7th week Written Test (1) 3 15% 14th week Written Test (2) 4 20% 17th week Final Exam (Practical) 5 40% 18th&17 Final Exam (theoretical) 6 weeks  ‫الحضور و الغياب‬ ‫ال يسمح باكثر من ربع عدد المحاضرات (‪)%25‬‬ ‫من غير عذر طبي مختوم من االداره الطبيه في‬ ‫الجامعه‪.‬‬ ‫المراج'''''''''ع‬ ‫‪http://www.bio.miami.edu/dana/226/226F09.html‬‬ ‫األساسية‬ General Botany Course Description General Botany Course Description General Botany Course Description Course Syllabus (Practical) Course Syllabus (Practical)  Introduction Plants are essential to life on earth, comprise about 98% of the earth's biomass. Primary food source for humans and other animals Plants are primarily responsible for creating our oxygen-rich atmosphere via the light reactions of photosynthesis. Plants are the earth's main autotrophs and fixers of carbon and nitrogen. Biomass: is biological material derived from living, or recently living organisms. Autotrophs: are organisms that can "make their own food" from an inorganic source of carbon (carbon dioxide) given a source of energy. Most autotrophs use sunlight in the process of photosynthesis to make their own food.  Introduction Plants provide the habitat and food upon which almost all other living things ultimately depend. Provide fuel, re, provide wildlife habitat, supply medicinal compounds, and beautify our surroundings Many plants are familiar to us based on their external structures Internal structures and functions often are overlooked. Understanding how plants grow and develop helps us capitalize on their usefulness  Introduction Botany, plant science(s), phytology, or plant biology is a branch of biology and is the scientific study of plant life and development. Botany covers a wide range of scientific disciplines that study plants, algae, and fungi including: structure, growth, reproduction, metabolism, development, diseases, and chemical properties and evolutionary relationships between the different groups.  Botany began with tribal efforts to identify edible, medicinal and poisonous plants, making botany one of the oldest sciences.  From this ancient interest in plants, the scope of botany has increased to include the study of over 550,000 kinds or species of living organisms.  Introduction Plants are studied at various levels in biology: Plant Anatomy: The study of the internal and external structures of plants. Plant Physiology: The study of plant structures and functions. Plant Taxonomy: Description, identification, classification and naming of plants. Plant Genetics and Biotechnology: The use of molecular biology techniques to understand the functions of different genes using biotechnology tools to improve plant species.  Introduction Plant Biochemistry: is the study of the chemical processes and transformations in plants. Biomedical Botany (Ethno-botany): the scientific study of the traditional knowledge and customs of a people concerning plants and their medical, religious, and other uses. Plant Biogeography: the branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants. Plant Ecology: Plant ecology is a sub-discipline of ecology which studies the distribution and abundance of plants, the effects of environmental factors upon the abundance of plants, and the interactions among and between plants and other organisms.  Taxonomy & Systematics Plant Taxonomy: Is the description, identification, classification and naming of “Plants”. Plant Systematic: Is the study of relationships between “Plants”. Summary: "plant systematic" is involved with relationships between plants and their evolution, "plant taxonomy" deals with the grouping and naming of plants. Taxonomy & Systematics Carl Linne, (Carollus Linnaeus) the Swedish botanist Carl Linne, was the 1st to suggest Binomial Nomenclature published in 1735 a book (Systema naturae). Example: Hordeum vulgare (Barley, ‫)الشعير‬ Phoenix dactylefera (Date Plam ‫) نخيل التمر‬  Taxonomy & Systematics The major taxonomic ranks are: Domain (‫)العالم‬ (Eukaryotes) ‫عالم حقيقيات‬ ‫النواة‬ Kingdom (‫)المملكة‬ (Plantae) ‫المملكة النباتية‬ Phylum (‫)الشعبة‬ (Tracheophyta) ‫النباتات الوعائية‬ Class (‫)الطائفة‬ (Angiospermae) ‫كاسيات‬ ‫البذور‬ Order (‫)الرتبة‬ (Monocotyledons) ‫وحيدة‬ ‫الفلقة‬ Family (‫)الفصيلة‬ (Poaceae) ‫النجيليات‬ Genus (‫)الجنس‬ (Zea) ‫الذرة‬ Species (‫)النوع‬ (Zea mays) ‫الذرة الشامي‬ Taxonomy & Systematics division or phylum, subdivision or sub-phylum class, sub-class order, suborder family, (suffix is "-aceae") sub-family (suffix is "-oideae") tribe, (suffix is " -eae") sub-tribe (suffix is "-inae") genus, sub-genus species, sub-species variety, sub-variety