G10Tamil_Questionnaire.pdf

jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10 gFjp III tpdhj;jhSf;Fupa ghl lk myFfis cs;slf;fpa u. ,yf;fpa tpdh tpilj; njhFg;G...

jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G juk; 10 gFjp III tpdhj;jhSf;Fupa ghl lk myFfis cs;slf;fpa u. ,yf;fpa tpdh tpilj; njhFg;G ed.lk w w w njhFg;ghrpupau; ,uh. ep\he;jd; Mrpupau; fpsp/,uhkehjGuk; kfhtpj;jpahyak; fpspnehr;rp khtl;lk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 1 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  ePjpg;ghly;fs; myF 01  kdpj tho;f;ifia nrk;ikg; gLj;Jk;> ey; topg;gLj;Jk; ePjpf; fUj;Jf;fis ghly;fshf nfhz;bUg;git ePjpg;ghly;fshFk;.  ,j;jifa ePjp ghly;fis nfhz;like;j ePjp E}y;fshf jpUf;Fws;> ehybahh;> jphpfLfk;> %Jiu> ey;top> ,dpait ehw;gJ> tpNtfrpe;jhkzp Nghd;wtw;iw Fwpg;gplyhk;. tpNtf rpej; hkzp  ,t; ,yf;fpak; ehaf;fh; fhyj;jpy; Njhd;wpajhf mwpag;gLfpd;wJ. lk  ,jd; Mrphpah; ahnud ,J tiu mwpag;gltpy;iy gy tifahd Rit kpf;f ghly;fis jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;like;j E}y; ,JthFk;. u. mwpTilNahh; nraYk;> mwptw;Nwhh; nraYk; ghly; ( re;jp gphpj;j gpd; ) jz; jhkiu cld; gpwe;Jk; jz; Njd; ed. Efuh kz;^fk;. tz;Nlh fhdfj;J ,ilapUe;J te;J.. fky kJ cz;Zk; gz;Nl gofp ,Ue;jhYk; mwpahh; Gy;yh; ey;Nyhiuf;.lk. fz;Nl fspj;jq;F cwthbj; jk;kpy;. fyg;gh; fw;NwhNu. mUk;gj tpsf;fk; w 1. jz; jhkiu - Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa jhkiu 2. kz;^fk; - jtis 3. jz; Njd; - jhkiuapYs;s Njd; 4. Efuh - cz;zhJ w 5. fhdfk; - fhL 6. fkyk; - jhkiu 7. kJ - Njd; w 8. Gy;yh; - mwptpy;yhjth; nghUs; jtisahdJ Fsph;rr ; p nghUe;jpa jhkiuapd; cld; gpwe;jpUe;jhYk;/trpj;jhYk; mj; jhkiu kyhpYs;s Fsph;r;rpahd Njid cz;zhJ. Mdhy; tz;Nlh fhl;by; ,Ue;J te;J mk; kyhpYs;s Njid tpUk;gp cz;Zk;. mJ Nghy ePz;l ehl;fs; gofp ,Ue;jhYk; mwptpy;yhjth;fs; ey;yth;fspd; cah;Fzq;fis mwpa khl;lhh;fs;. vdpDk; mwpTilNahh; ey;yth;fis fz;lJk; mth;fspd; Fzq;fis clNd mwpe;J nfhz;L kfpo;r;rpAld; mth;fSld; cwthb xd;W gl;L fye;J tho;th;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 2 ,uh.ep\he;jd;   FW tpdhf;fs; 01. “ jz;lhkiuAld; gpwe;Jk; jz;Nld; Efuh kz;^fk;... m. ,q;F kz;^fk; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  jtis M. jz;lhkiu vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ>?  Fsph;r;rp nghUe;jpa jhkiu 02. “ gz;Nl gofp ,Ue;jhYk; mwpahh; Gy;yh; ey;Nyhiu... m. ,q;F Gy;yh; vdf; Fwpgg; J ahiu? lk  mwptw;wtiu /mwptpy;yhjtiu M. mwptpy;yhjth; nray; vt;thW ntspg;gLfpwJ? u. ePz;l fhyk; gofp ,Ue;jhYk; ey;yth;  Fzq;fis mwpakhl;lhh;fs; 03. tz;Nlh fhdfj;J ,ilapUe;J te;J. fky kJ cz;Zk;.. ed m. fhdfk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ? fhL.lk M. fkyk; vd;gjd; Clhf ntspg;gLk; nghUs; ahJ? jhkiu 03. ,g;ghlypy; mwpTilNahh;> mwptw;Nwhh; nray;fs; vt;thW ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ? w mwpTilNahh; nrayhdJ ey;yth;fis fz;lTld; mth;fspd;  Fzq;fis my;yJ ey;y ,ay;Gis mwpe;J nfhz;L kfpo;r;rpAld; mth;fsplk; cwthb jk;kpy; fUj;J hPjpapy; xd;WgLth;. w mwptw;Nwhh; nrayhdJ ePz;l fhyk; gofp ,Ue;jhYk; ey;yth;fspd; cah; Fzq;fis mth;fs; mwpe;J nfhs;skhl;lhh;fs;. mj;Jld; ey;yth;fNshL cwthlTk; khl;lhh;fs;. w 04. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ctikazpfis tpsf;Ff.?  mwptpy;yhjth; nrayhdJ jtisapd; ,ay;Gf;F ctkpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ ctkhdk; - jtis. ctNkak; - mwptpy;yhjth;. nghJj;jd;ik - mwpahik jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 3 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  mwpTilath; nrayhdJ tz;bd; ,ay;Gf;F ctkpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ctkhdk; - tz;L ctNkak; - mwpTilath;. nghJj;jd;ik - mwpTilik 05. ghlypy;> jtis> tz;L vd;gtw;wpd; ,ay;Gfs; vt;thW Gyg;gLfpd;wd?  jtis - ePh; epiyapy; jhkiuAld; xd;whf ,Uj;jhYk; jhkiuapy; cs;s Njid mUe;jhJ> tz;L - fhl;by; ,Ue;J te;J jhkiuapy; cs;s Njid  mUe;Jk;. lk ntw;wpNtl;if  ,e; E}y; mjptPuuhk ghz;badhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. u.  ,e; E}y; eWe;njhif vsTk; miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ghly; (re;jp rPh; gphpj;j gpd;) ed Njk;gL gidapd; jpus; gOj;J xU tpij thd; cw Xq;fp tsk; ngw tshpDk; xUtUf;F ,Uf;f epoyhfhNj njs;spa Mypd; rpW goj;J xU tpij.lk njs; ePh;f; faj;J rpW kPd; rpidapYk; Ez;zpNj MapDk; mz;zy; ahid mzpNjh; Gutp Ms; ngUk; gilnahL kd;dh;f;F ,Uf;f epoyhFNk w mjdhy; nghpNahnuy;yhk; nghpaUk; my;yh; rpWNahh; vy;yhk; rpwpaUk; my;yh;. nfhz;L $l;Lk; Kiw w gidapd; Njk;gL jpus; gOj;J xU tpij thd; cw Xq;fp tsk; ngw tshpDk; xUtUf;F ,Uf;f epoyhfhNj w njs; ePh;f; faj;J rpW kPd; rpidapYk; njs;spa Mypd; rpW goj;J xU tpij Ez;zpNj MapDk; mz;zy; ahid mzpNjh; Gutp Ms; ngUk; gilnahL kd;dh;f;F ,Uf;f epoyhFNk mjdhy; nghpNahnuy;yhk; nghpaUk; my;yh; rpWNahh; vy;yhk; rpwpaUk; my;yh;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 4 ,uh.ep\he;jd; mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. Njk;gL - Rit kpf;f> ,dpik kpf;f 2. jpus; - jpuz;l 3. fak; - Fsk; 4. rpid - Kl;il 5. mz;zy; ahid - jyik kpf;f ahid 5. Gutp - Fjpiu nghUs; gid kuj;jpDila Ritkpf;f jpuz;l goj;jpy; cs;s xU tpijahdJ thd; cau tsk; ngw tsh;e;jpUg;gpDk; xUth; jq;fp ,Uf;f epoy; juhJ. Fsj;jpy; thOk; rpW kPdpd; Kl;ilia tplTk; Mykuj;jpd; tpijahdJ rpwpaNj. MdhYk; mJ Kisj;J nghpa lk kuk; Md gpd; ahid> Fjpiu> Njh;> Ml;gil Kjypatw;NwhL kd;dd; jq;fp ,Uf;f epoy; jUk;. vdNt cly; mikg;gpy; nghpNahh; Nghy fhl;rpaspg;gth; midtUk; nghpath; my;yh;. rpwpath; Nghy u. fhl;rpaspg;gth; cz;ikapy; rpwpatUk; my;yh;.  tpdhf;fs; 01. “ Njk;gL gidapd; jpus; gOj;J xU tpij ed thd; cw Xq;fp tsk; ngw tshpDk;... m. ,q;F Njk;gL vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  Rit kpf;f ,dpik kpf;f M. thd; cw Xq;fp tsk; ngw tshpDk;.. vd;gjpy;.lk ntspg;gLk; mzp?  cah;T etpw;rpazp 02. “ njs; ePh;f; faj;J rpW kPd; rpidapYk; Ez;zpNj w MapDk;… m. ,q;F fak; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs; ahJ? w. Fsk; M. rpid vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ? rpid w 03. mz;zy; ahid mzpNjh; Gutp Ms; ngUk; gilnahL... m. mz;zy; ahid vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  jyik kpf;f ahid M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; ehw;gilfisAk; Fwpg;gpLf? ahidg;gil> Fjpiug;gil> Njh;g;gil> fhyhl;gil jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 5 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 02. ,g;ghlypy; $wg;gLk; ePjpff ; Uj;Jf;fs; vit? ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; ePjpff ; Uj;Jf;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ>  cUtj;jpy; nghpath;fs; vy;NyhUk; Fzj;jpdhy; cah;e;jth;fs; my;yh;  cUtj;jpy; rpwpath;fs; vy;NyhUk; Fzj;jpdpy; jho;e;jth;fSk; my;yh; vDk; ,Utpjkhd ePjpff ; Uj;Jf;fs; vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sd. 03. gidkuk;> Mykuk; vd;gtw;wpd; ,ay;Gfis Fwpg;gpLf? lk gidkuk; - Rit kpFe;j nghpa tpj;jpypUe;J thDau tsh;e;jpUg;gpDk; xUth; ,Ug;gjw;F epoy; juhJ. u. Mykuk; - kpfr; rpwpa tpijapypUe;J Kisj;J tsh;e;jpUg;gpDk; ehw;gilfSld; murd; xUtd; jq;fp ,isg;ghWtjw;F epoy; ju ty;yJ.  gid ed 04. ,g;ghlypy; cs;s ctik mzpapidf; Fwpg;gpLf? kuj;jpd; cUtk; nghpath; ,ay;Gf;F ctkpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ctkhdk; - gidapd; nghpa tpij. ctNkak; - cUtj;jpy; nghpath; nghJj;jd;ik - Njhw;wk;.lk.  My kuj;jpd; cUtk; rpwpath; ,ay;Gf;F ctkpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ. ctkhdk; - Mykuj;jpd; rpwpa tpij. ctNkak; - cUtj;jpy; rpwpath; nghJj;jd;ik - Njhw;wk; w. thf;Fz;lhk; w  ,e; E}y; xsitahuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;lJ.  %Jiu vdTk; mwpag;gLfpd;wJ. w  ,e; E}ypd; flTs; tho;j;Jg; ghly; thf;Fz;lhk;.. vdj; njhlq;Ftjhy; ,e; E}Yf;F tf;Fz;lhk; vDk; ngah; toq;fg;gl;lJ. ghly; mlf;fk; cilahh; mwptpyhh; vd;W vz;zpf; flf;ff; fUjTk; Ntz;lhk; - kilj;jiyapy; XL kPd; Xl cWkPd; tUksTk; thb ,Uf;Fkhk; nfhf;F. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 6 ,uh.ep\he;jd; nfhz;L $l;b thrpj;jy; nfhf;F kilj;jiyapy; XL kPd; Xl cWkPd; tUksTk; thb ,Uf;Fkhk; mlf;fk; cilahh; mwptpyhh; vd;W vz;zpf; flf;ff; fUjTk; Ntz;lhk; mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. klj;jiy - ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhy;. 2. cWkPd; -nghpa kPd;. 3. mwptpyh; - mwptpy;yhjth;. 4. flf;f - nty;Ytjw;F nghUs; lk nfhf;fhdJ ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhypy; rpwpa kPdf ; is Xl tpl;L nghpa kPdhdJ tUk; tiuf;Fk; fhj;jpUf;Fk;. mJ Nghy u. (jkf;F jFjpahdth; my;yJ jFe;j fhyk; tUk; tiuf;Fk;) mlf;fKld; ,Uf;Fk; FzKilNahiu mwptpy;yhjth; vdf; fUjp mth;fis nty;tjw;F Kaw;rpf;f Ntz;lhk;.  FW tpdhf;fs; ed 01. “ kilj;jiyapy; XL kPd; Xl cWkPd; tUksTk; thb ,Uf;Fkhk; nfhf;F... m. ,q;F klj;jiy vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?.lk  ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhy; M. cWkPd; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ>?  nghpa kPd; w ,. ,q;F $wg;gl;Ls;s chpr; nrhy; ahJ? mJ jUk; nghUs; ahJ ?  cW - nghpa w 02. mlf;fk; cilahh; mwptpyhh; vd;W vz;zpf; flf;ff; fUjTk; Ntz;lhk;.. w m. flf;ff; fUj.. vDk; njhlh; jUk; nghUs; ahJ? ntw;wp nfhs;s M. mlf;fKilahiu vt;thW fUjf; $lhJ? mwptpy;yhjth; vd jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 7 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 02. ,g;ghlypy; $wg;gLk; ePjpf; fUj;J ahJ ? ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; ePjpf; fUj;jpid Nehf;Fk; NghJ mlf;fKilath;fs; jkf;fhd jFe;j fhyk; tUk; tiuf;Fk; fhj;jpUg;gh;. mjhtJ nfhf;F nghpa kPdpd; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUg;gijg; Nghy mlf;fKilahUk; fhj;jpUg;ghh;fs;. MfNt mt;thW ,Ug;Nghiu mwptpy;yhjth; vdf; fUjp mth;fis nty;tjw;F fUjf;$lhJ vDk; fUj;J Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. mjhtJ> nfhf;F - rpwpa kPd;fis Nghf tpl;L nghpa kPdpd; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUf;Fk; mlf;fKilath; - jkf;F jFjpapy;yhjth;fis Nghf tpl;L jFjpahd vjphp tUk; tiuf;Fk; fhj;jpUg;gh; lk 03. ,g; ghlypy;> mlf;fKilathpd; nray;/,ay;G vt;thW fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ ? u. jkf;fhd jFe;j fhyk; tUk; tiuf;Fk; my;yJ jkJ nray; Mw;Wtjw;F jFe;j re;jh;g;gk; tUk; tiuf;Fk; mlf;fj;Jld;> nghWikAld; fhj;jpUg;ghh;fs;. nfhf;F vt;thW nghWikNahL fhj;jpUf;fpd;wNjh mijg; Nghy mlf;fKilahUk; fhj;jpUg;gh;. ed 04. ,q;F ,lk; ngw;Ws;s mzpapid Fwpg;gpl;L tpsf;Ff? ,q;F ctikazp ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.  mlf;fKilath;fspd; nrayhdJ nfhf;fpd; nraYf;F ctkpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ..lk ctkhdk; - mlf;fKld; fhj;jpUf;Gk; nfhf;F. ctNkak; - mlf;fKilath;. nghJj;jd;ik - fhj;jpUj;jy; 05. nfhf;fpd; ,ay;G vj;jifaJ vdg; ghlypy; w $wg;gl;Ls;sJ? ePh; XLk; tha;f;fhypy; rpwpa kPd;fis Xl tpl;L nghpa kPd; tUk; tiuf;Fk; thl;lKld; fhj;jpUf;Fk;. mjhtJ jd; czTf;F jFe;j w nghpa kPd; tUk; tiu nghWikNahL ,Uf;Fk; vd;gjd; Clhf nfhf;fpd; ,ay;G ,q;F fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.. w jphpfLfk;  ,e; E}y; rq;fkUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhd;wpaJ.  gjpndd; fPo;f; fzf;F E}y;fspy; xd;whf tpsq;FtJ.  ey;yhjdhuhy; ,J ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. kUj;Jtg; ngauhy; mikag; ngw;w E}yhf ,J mwpag;gLfpd;wJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 8 ,uh.ep\he;jd; ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;) fzf;fhah; ,y;yhj CUk; gpzf;F mWf;Fk; %j;Njhiu ,y;yh mitf;fsDk; ghh;j;J cz;Zk; jd;ik ,yhsh; may; ,Ug;Gk; ,k; %d;Wk; ed;ik gaj;jy; ,y mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. fzf;fhah; - Mrphpah;> XJtpg;gth; 2. gpzf;F - khWghL> Fog;gk; 3. mitf;fsd; - rig $Lk; ,lk; 4. may; ,Ug;G - gf;fj;jpy; ,Uj;jy; 5. gaj;jy; - jUtJ> nfhLg;gd lk 6. %j;Njhh; - KjpNahh;> nghpNahh; nghUs; u. mwpT E}y;fisf; fw;Wj; jUk; Mrphpah;fs; ,y;yhj CUk>; kdpjh;fspilNa Vw;gLk; Kuz;ghLfis ePf;Fk; mwpTk; mDgtKk; nfhz;l nghpNahh;fis nfhz;buhj rigAk>; kw;wth;fSf;F nfhLj;J cz;zhj FzKilath;fs; mUfpy; ed ,Uj;jYk;> ,k; %d;Wk; xUtUf;F ed;ikia juhJ.  tpdhf;fs; 01. “ fzf;fhah; ,y;yhj CUk; gpzf;F mWf;Fk; %j;Njhiu ,y;yh mitf;fsDk;....lk m. ,q;F fzf;fhah; vdf; Fwpg;gJ ahiu?  Mrphpah; M. mitf;fsd; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? w  nghpNahiu nfhz;bUf;Fk; rig ,. %j;Njhhplk; vjph;ghh;f;fg;gLk; flik ahJ? w  gpur;ridia jPh;j;J itj;jy; 02. ,g;ghlypd; gpujhd fUj;J ahJ? w Mrphpah; ,y;yhj Ch;> Kjpath;fs; ,y;yhj rig> czit gFj;J cz;zhjth; may; ,Uj;jy; vd;gd xUtDf;F ed;ik jUtjpy;iy. 03. xUth; tho;f;iff;F ed;ik juhjit vit vd $wg;gLfpwJ.?  Mrphpah; ,y;yhj Ch;  mwpTk;> mDgtKk; tha;e;j %j;Njhh; ,y;yhj rig  czit gfphe ; ;J nfhLj;J cz;Zgth;fs; ,y;yhj may;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 9 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 04. jphpfLfk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? jphp vd;gJ %d;W fLfk; vd;gJ Rf;F> kpsF> jpgg; pyp vd;gtw;iw Fwpf;Fk;. ,it cly; eyj;ij Ngz cjTfit. ,J Nghy %d;W ePjpf;fUj;Jf;fs jphpfLfk; ghly;fspy; ,lk;ngw;wpUf;Fk;. mit tho;f;ifapy; cah;T ngw cjTgit. KJ nkhop ntz;gh  ,e; E}y; \hpGj;jPd; Gytuhy; ,aw;wg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,e; E}ypy; cs;s ghly;fs; xt;nthd;wpYk; xU KJ nkhopahdJ ,lk;ngw;wpUf;fpd;wJ. lk kdk; nfhz;lNj khspif ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;) u. cg;gpyhf; fQ;rpapid cz;Zk; mWRit Nghy;. jg;gpa fe;ijg; gPjhk;guk; Nghy; xg;Gk;. gidNahiyg; ghapy; gLj;J cwq;Fk; tho;thh;. kdk; nfhz;lJ khspif ed mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. jg;gpa - Jitj;j 2. fe;ij - fpope;j Mil.lk 3. gPjhk;guk; - gl;lhil> nghd;dhil 4. xg;Gk; - xg;ghdJ> nghUs; cg;gpy;yhky; fha;r;rpa fQ;rpia mWRit czthf fUjp w cz;Lk;> fpope;j Milia Njha;j;J gl;lhilahf fUjp cLj;Jk;> mit Nghd;wjhd gidNahiyahy; ,iof;fg;gl;l ghapy; gLj;J cwq;fpAk; kdj;jpUg;jpAld; tho;thh;fs;. ,th;fSf;F kdk; nfhz;lNj w khspifahFk;.  tpdhf;fs; w 01. “ cg;gpyhf; fQ;rpapid cz;Zk; mWRit Nghy; jg;gpa fe;ijg; gPjhk;guk; Nghy... m. ,q;F cg;gpy;yh fQ;rp vdf; fUJtJ vjid?  cg;G ,lg;glhj fQ;rp M. jg;gpa fe;ij vd;gjd; nghUs;?  Jitj;j fpope;j Mil ,. gPjhk;guk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?  gl;lhil jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 10 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 02. ,g;ghlypd; gpujhd fUj;J ahJ? xUth;f;F NghJk; vDk; kdepiyNa kd epiwitj; jUk;. jpUg;jpahd kdk; nfhz;L tho;NthUf;F midj;Jk; kd epiwitj; jUk;. kdk; nfhz;lJ mth;fSf;F khspif Nghd;wJ. 03. ,g;ghlypy; kdk; nfhz;lNj khspif.. vDk; fUj;J vt;thW vLj;Jf;fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ? ghlypy; gpdt ; Uk; fUj;Jf;fs; thapyhf Nkw;Nghe;j kdk; nfhz;lNj khspif vDk; jd;ik Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. lk  cg;gpy;yhj fQ;rpapid mWRit czthf fUjp cz;Zjy;  fpope;j Milapid Njha;j;J gl;lhilahf fUjp mzpjy; u.  gidNahiyahy; gpd;dg;gl;l ghapy; gLj;J cwq;Fjy;. ,tw;wpd; thapyhf ,Ug;gij nfhz;L kdepiwNthL thOjy; vDk; cahpa gz;G ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. ed 04. kdq; nfhz;lJ khspif vDk; KJnkhopf;F epfuhd gonkhop ahJ? NghJnkd;w kdNk nghd; nra;Ak; kUe;J.lk ehybahh;  ,e; E}y; rq;fkUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhw;wk; ngw;wjhFk;. w  ehd;F mbfis nfhz;L mikag; ngw;w E}y; ,JthFk;.  rkz Kdpth;fshy; ,e; E}y; ,aw;wg;gl;ljhFk;. w jpUf;FwSld; neUq;fpa njhlh;Gilajhf ,e; E}y; mikTWfpd;wJ.  ehybahUf;F ciu vOjpath; gJkdhh;. w ey;yth; el;Gk; jPath; el;Gk; ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;) ahid midath; ez;G xhp, eha; midahh; Nfz;ik joP,f; nfhsy; Ntz;Lk; ahid mwpe;J mwpe;Jk; ghfidNa nfhy;Yk; vwpe;j Nty; nka;ajh thy; Fiof;Fk; eha; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 11 ,uh.ep\he;jd; mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. midath; - Nghd;wth; 2. ez;GXhp, - el;gpid tpsf;fp 3. Nfz;ik - el;G 4. joP, - jOtp 5. nka;ajh - clk;gpy; nghUs; ahidiag; Nghd;wthpd; (gopjPh;f;Fk; FzKilathpd;) el;gpid tpyf;fp ehiag; Nghd;wthpd; ed;wp fhl;Lk; FzKilathpd; el;gpid jOtpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk;. ePz;l fhyk; gofpapUe;jhYk; ahidahdJ ghfidNa nfhy;Yk;. Mdhy; ehNah jd;id lk tsh;ej ; th; Nfhgpj;J vwpe;j Nty; jd; clk;gpy; ,Uf;ff;$bajhf thiy tisj;J Ml;Lk;.  tpdhf;fs; u. 01. “ ahid midath; ez;G xhp, eha; midahh; Nfz;ik joP,f; nfhsy; Ntz;Lk;... ed m. ,q;F ez;G xhP, vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ? el;gpid tpyf;fp M. Nfz;ik vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? el;G.lk ,. vj;jifa el;G rpwe;jJ vdf; $wg;gLfpwJ? eha; Nghd;w FzKilath; el;G 02. vwpe;j Nty; nka;ajh thy; Fiof;Fk; eha;.. w m. nka;ajh vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ? clk;gpy; cUtp epw;wy; w M. thy; Fiof;Fk; vd;gJ FwpfF ; k; nghUs; ahJ? thy; Ml;Lk; w 02. vj;jifa el;gpid jOtpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; vd ehybahh; $WfpwJ? eha; Nghd;w el;gpid jOtpf; nfhy;y Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; ehahdJ jd; vrkhd; Nfhgk; nfhz;L vwpe;j Nty; jd; clk;gpy; ,Uf;Fk;gbahfTk; thiy tisj;J Ml;Lk;. mjhtJ ed;wpf; Fzj;ij eha; ntspg;gLj;Jk; ,ay;Gk;> gopthq;Fk; FzKk; nfhz;buhjJ ehahFk;. mj;jF FzKilahh; el;gpid ngWtJ rpwg;ghFk; vd;gJ ehybahh; fUj;jhFk;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 12 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 03. ehybahh; vj;jifa el;gpid tpyf;f Ntz;Lk; vdf; $Wfpd;wJ? ahid Nghd;w el;gpid ePf;f Ntz;Lk;. Vnddpy; ahid jd;id tsh;e;j ghfidNa Nfhgk; te;jhy; nfhd;W tpLk; mjhtJ gop thq;Fk; czh;r;rpAilaJ. MfNt mj;jifa FzKilath; el;gpid tpyf;fg;gl Ntz;baJ mtrpak; vd;fpd;wJ ehybahh;. 04. ,g;ghlypy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;s ctikazpfis tpsf;Ff.? 1.. jPath; el;G ahidapd; Fzj;ij Nghd;wJ. ctkhdk; - ghfid nfhy;Yk; ahid ctNkak; - jPath; el;G lk nghJj;jd;ik - ed;wp kwj;jy; 2. ey;Nyh; el;G ehia Fzj;ij Nghd;wJ. ctkhdk; - thy; Ml;b Fiyf;Fk; eha;. u. ctNkak; - ey;yth; el;G. nghJj;jd;ik - ed;wp kwthik. ,dpait ehw;gJ ed  rq;f kUtpa fhyj;jpy; Njhd;wpa E}y; ,JthFk;.  ©jQ;Nre;jdhuhy; ,J ,aw;wg;gl;lJ. tho;f;ifapd; ,dpikahd nray;fs; gw;wp $wpapUg;gJ ,e;.lk E}yhFk;. ghly; (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;) fw;whh; Kd; fy;tp ciuj;jy; kpf ,dpNj kpf;fhiu Nrh;jy; kpfkhd Kd; ,dpNj w.. vs;JizahDk; ,uthJjhd; vt;tsTk; 3. mwptpy; rpwe;jtUld; Nrh;tJk;> vs; msTk; gpwhplk; ,uthJ (thq;fhJ) jhd; gpwUf;F nfhLj;jiy ve;j epiyapYk; nra;J tho;tJ ,dpikahdjhFk;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 13 ,uh.ep\he;jd;   FW tpdhf;fs; 01.fw;whh; Kd; fy;tp ciuj;jy; kpf ,dpNj kpff ; hiu Nrh;jy; kpfkhd Kd; ,dpNj.. m. ahhpd; Kd;ghf fy;tp ciuj;jy; ,dpikahdJ? fw;wth;fs; Kd;ghf M.ahiu Nrh;e;jpUj;jy; kpfTk; ,dpikahdJ? mwptpy; rpwe;jth;fs; 02. “ vs;JizahDk; ,uthJ jhd; nghpNahh; ,y;yhj rig> gFj;J cz;Zk; gz;G ,y;yhjth; maypUg;G ,it %d;Wk; ed;ik jUtd my;y. “ fzf;fhah; ,y;yhj CUk;...  kdj;jpUg;jpNahL> kd epiwNthL thOk; tho;fi ; f NkyhdJ. “ cg;gpy;yhf; fQ;rpapid cz;Z kW Rit..  jPath; el;gpid ePf;fp ey;yth; el;gpid Ngzpf; nfhs;s Ntz;Lk; lk “ ahid midath; ez;nghhP,…  mwpTilath;f;F fw;w fy;tpia ciuj;jy;> u. mwpTilatUld; Nrh;jy;> rpwpjsTk; gpwhplk; thq;fhJ mth;fSf;f nfhLj;jy; Ntz;Lk;. “ fw;whh; Kd; fy;tp ciuj;jy;... ed vdthW njhFj;J Nehf;fyhk;..lk w w w jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 15 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  ehtyh; vOe;jhh; - fl;Liu myF 02  fl;Liuahrphpah; - gz;bjkzp rp. fzgjpg;gps;is  fl;Liu ,lk; ngw;Ws;s E}y; njhFg;G - ,yf;fpa top 01. FW tpdhf;fs; 1.“ nghope;j nea;ahFjp tha;top nghq;fp vOe;jd nfhOq;fd nyd;d vOe;jhh;... m. ,q;F vOe;jhh; vdf; fk;guhy; $wg;gLgth;?  ,uhkd; lk M. vOe;jhh; vdf; fl;Liuahrphpauhy; $wg;gLgth;?  ehtyh; u. ,. nfhOq;fdy; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  mf;fpdp Rthiy 2. “ khf klq;fYk; khy; tpilAk; nghd;dhfKk; ed ehz ele;jhh;... m. ele;jhh; vdf; fl;Liuahrphpauhy; $wg;gLgth;?  ehtyh; M. klq;fy; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?.lk  Mz; rpq;fk; ,. ,q;F ehfk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; ,Utpjkhd fUj;J?  nghd; kakfpa NkU kiy w Mz; ahid 3. “ vLj;Jf; nfhz;L th je;jp jghw; fl;Lf;fis.. w vy;NyhUk; gpukpj;Jg; Nghdhh;fs;... m. ,f; $w;iwf; $wpath; ahh;? ehtyh; w  M. ,f; $w;W ciuf;fgl;l re;jh;g;gk; ahJ? gpwpw;Nwh fl;rp ntw;wp ngWk; jUthapy; ,Uf;Fk; NghJ  gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nraiy Rl;bf; fhl;Ltjw;fhf ciuf;fgl;lJ. 04. nrd;id rh;tfyhrhiyahh; Kjd; Kjypy; elhj;jpa gp. V ghPl;irapy; rpj;jpaile;j aho;hg; hzj;jth; ,UtUk; ahth;? tpRtehjg;gps;is jNkhjuk;gps;is jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 16 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 05. ,e;j ,UtUk; ,yq;if rl;lrigapy; ,yq;ifg; gpujpepjpj;Jtj;jpw;F Nghl;bapl;Lf; nfhz;bUf;fpd;whh;fs;.. ,e;j ,Uth; vdg;gLNthh; ahth;? Nrh;. Nghd;. ,uhkehjd; gpwpw;Nwh 06. md;W eilngw;w $l;lj;jpw;F fl;Liuahrphpa; itj;j ngah; ahJ? thjkfh rig 07. md;iw mf; $l;lj;jpw;F jyik jhq;f Ntz;bath; ahh;? jyik jhq;fpath; ahh;? jyik jhq;f Ntz;bath; - MWKfehtyh; lk jyik jhq;fpath; - tp];tehjg;gps;is 08. tpyF gps;is vd ehtyuhy; Fwpg;ghf tpspf;fgl;lth; ahh;? u. tp];tehjg;gps;is 09. gpurz;l khUjj;jpw;F gpwF vd;W nrhy;fpd;w... ,q;F gpurz;l khUjk; vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ ahJ? ed Gay; fhw;W> gyj;j fhw;W 10. ey;Y}h; fe;jRthkp NfhapyhUf;Fk; gpuhkzh;fSf;Fk; ghhpa tof;F ele;jJ....lk m. NfhapyhUf;F Vw;gl;lhsh; ahh;? gpwpw;Nwh M. gpuhkzh;fSf;F Vw;gl;lhsh; ahh;? w ehtyh; 1 1. mth; jdJ typia mq;ft];jpuj;jpy; Mthfdk; gz;zp gf;fj;jpy; itj;J tpl;L ghlQ; nrhy;tJ tof;fk;.. w m. ,q;F mth; vdg;gLgth; ahh;? mUze;jp rpthr;rhhpahh; w M. Mthfdk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ahJ? gphpj;J itj;jy;> jdpahf vLj;J itj;jy; 12. MWKfehtyhpd; Mrph;thjj;jhy; ,yq;if rl;lrigapy; mq;fj;Jtk; ngw;wth; ahh;? Nrh;. nghd;. ,uhkehjd; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 17 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 02. ,f; fl;Liuapy;> $l;lj;jpwF ; tUif je;jth;fs; ahh; ahnud $wg;gl;Ls;sJ?  fy;tpkhd;fs;  rl;l epGzh;fs;  gpuGf;fs;  gpugy;akhdth;fs;  irtf; FUkhh;fs;  tof;fwpQh;fs;  cghj;jpahh;fs; 03. $l;l kz;lgj;jpy; ehtyh; ,Ue;j epiyia fl;Liuahrphpahh; vt;thW fhl;Lfpwhh;? ehtyh; mth;fSf;F md;iwa jpdk; fhr Neha; vd;w lk gbapdhy; md;iwa $l;lj;jpw;F jyik jhq;fhJ> kz;lgj;jpy; mkh;e;jpUe;J $l;l elKiwfis mtjhdpjJ ; f; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. mt;tifapy;> kz;lgj;jpy; XU J}Zf;F mUfpy; jpz;Lj; jiyaiz u. xd;wpy; mbf;fb rha;e;J nfhz;Lk;> kbapYk; mjd; gf;fq;fspYk; mLf;fpa jiyaizfspy; Koq;iffis Cd;wp cs;sq; iffshy; new;wpapid jhq;fpa gb ,Ue;J $l;l elKiwfis mtjhdpjJ ; f; nfhz;bUe;jhh;. ed 04. thj kfh rig tUzpf;fg;gLk; jd;ikapid Fwpg;gpLf? ,U jug;gpdUf;Fk; ,ilapy; MNtrkhd thjg;gpujp thjq;fs; ele;jd. kpd;dy;fs; > Kof;fq;fisg; Nghy mit vjpnuhypjj ; d..lk xU Nghh;f;fsj;jpy; gad;gLj;jg;gLk; gy;NtWgl;l fUtpfs;>  MAjq;fs; Nghd;W gytpjkhd fUj;Jf;fs; thjplg;gl;ld.  ifNty;> vwpfpd;w Nty;> ,wFs;s mk;G> ,wfpy;yhj mk;G> ths;> rf;fuk; ,tw;wpw;F Nkyjpfkhf nja;tg;gilfspYk; ifitf;fpd;w w rkak;> mjhtJ jpt;a m];jpuq;fis gad;gLj;j Ntz;ba rkak; vdthW thjkfhrigapy; eilngw;w thjg;gpujp thjq;fs; tpsq;fpd. w 04. ehtyh; Neh;ik kw;Wk; jpwik vd;gd gw;wp Fwpg;gpLf? ,f; fl;Liuapy; ehtyh; mth;fspy; Neh;ik kw;Wk; jpwik gw;wpa gjptpid gz;bjkzp moFw vLj;Jiuj;Js;shh;. w  Neh;ik  Nfhapy; gpur;ridapy; gpuhkzh;fis Mjhpj;J gpuhkzh;fSf;F ntw;wp fpilf;f jtwhd topapy; nry;yhik.  gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nraiy Mjhuj;Jld; ntspg;gLj;jpaik  Neh;ikahd xUtiu rl;lrigf;F mDg;g vz;zpaik  gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Ntz;Liff;F cld;glhky; ,Ue;jik jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 18 ,uh.ep\he;jd;   jpwik  tpRtehjg;gpsi; sapd; tpUg;gj;jpw;F Mshfpaik  tpRtehjg;gpsi; sapd; jyikapy; $l;lj;ij elj;jpaik  njha;T tUj;jk; vd;w NghjpYk; $l;l eilKiwfis mtjhdpj;Jf; nfhz;bUe;jik  nghUj;jkhd Neuj;jpy; Mjhuj;Jld; gpwpw;Nwhtpd; jtiw Rl;bf; fhl;baik  jd; fl;rp Njhy;tpAWk; rkaj;jpy; mf;fpdpia Nghy vOe;jth;  jd;Dld; xUth; xUtuhfNth my;yJ gyuhfNth $l;lk; $l;lkhfNth tpthjj;jpw;F tuyhk; vdf; $wpa JzpTilath;  jFjpahd xUtiu rl;lrigf;F epakpj;jik. lk ,t;thW ehtyhpd; Neh;ikAk;> jpwikAk; Gyg;gLk; jd;ikapid fz;L nfhs;syhk;. 05. ehtyh; Njhw;wg; nghypT gw;wp fl;Liuapy; vt;thW u. fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ? ehtyh; mth;fspd; Njhw;wg; nghypT Fwpj;J gz;bjkzp gpd;tUkhW fhg;gpak; nra;tij fhz;Nghk;. ed  fk;gPukhd Njhw;wk;  tPW nfhz;l ghh;it.  vz;zq;fspy; Ntfk;  fk;gPukhd eil  mf;fpdp Nghd;w vOif.lk  ngUik kpff ; jhd eil NkYk;>.  tp];thkpj;jpuh; Fwpg;ig Vw;W vOe;j ,uhkid Nghy; ehtyh; vOe;jhh;.  ,uhkd; tpy;iy Nehf;fp ele;J nrd;wijg; Nghy ehtyUk; tpthj Nkil Nehf;fp ele;jhh;. w vd;gdTk; ehtyhpd; Njhw;wg; nghypptpid moFw vLj;Jf; fhl;Lfpd;wd. 06. gpwpwN ; whtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nray;fs; vd fl;Liuapy; fhl;lg;gLgit ahit? w gpwpw;Nwh thjk; nra;tjpy; jiy rpwe;jth; vdpDk; mtuJ Neh;ikaw;w nray;fs; vd gz;bjkzp fhl;Lfpd;w jd;ikapid Nehf;Fk; NghJ> w  jd; fl;rpf; fhuh;fshd Nfhapyhiu Vkhw;wj; Jzpe;jik.. aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ehtyhUf;F ,Uf;Fk; nry;thf;fpid czh;e;J ehtyh; jdf;F rhh;ghf ,Ue;jhy; ehtyh; gf;fk; tof;if elhj;jp itg;gjhf $wpaik..  jd; kd vz;zj;ij me;juq;f ez;gh;fs;> fbjk;> je;jp vd;gtw;wpd; %yk; epiwNtw;wp rl;lrig cWg;gpduhf tu tpUk;gpaik.  Neh;ikaw;w nray; %yk; rl;lrigf;F tu Kw;gl;lik ,t;thW gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nray;fs; fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 19 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 07. ehtyh; vOe;j tpjk;> ele;J nrd;w jd;ik vd;gd vt;thW rpwg;gpf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ? (fk;ghpd; fhl;Ljiy cjhuzg;gLj;jp tpsf;Ff)  ehtyh; vOe;j tpjk;  ehtyh; vOe;j epiy ,uhkhazj;jpy; ,uhkdJ fjhghj;jpuj;jpw;F ,izahdjhf gz;bjkzp fhl;Lfpwhh;. mjhtJ tp];thkpjj ; puh; rptjDir tisf;Fk; gb xU ghh;it %yk; ,uhkDf;F Miz gpwg;gpf;fpd;whh;. tp];thkpj;jpuUila ghh;itahfpa nea;ahFjpia mLj;J mf;fpdpr; Rthiy ntspg;gLtjidg; Nghy ,uhkd; vOe;jhh; vd fk;gh; me;epiyapid fhl;Lfpwhh;. mJ Nghy ehtyUk; jd; epiyapypUe;J vOe;jhh; vd fl;Liuahrphpah; Fwpgg; pLfpwhh;. lk ,jid.. “ nghope;j nea;ahFjp tha;top nghq;fp vOe;jd u.. nfhOq;fd nyd;d vOe;jhh;... vdthW fhzyhk;.  ehtyh; ele;j tpjk;  kpjpiy efhpd; kpfg; ngUk; rigapy; ahUk; vjph;ghuhj rkaj;jpy; ed fk;gPukhd Xh; eil ele;J nrd;whh; ,uhkd; tpy;iy Nehf;fp> mijg; NghyNt $l;l kz;lgj;jpy; ehtyh; mth;fs; ele;J nrd;whh;. mjhtJ ,uhkdpd; eilia fz;L ngUik kpf;f Mz;rpq;fKk;> nghpa ,lgKk;> nghd;kiyahfpa NkUTk;> ahidAk; ,itaidj;Jk; ehzkile;jjhk;. mJ Nghy ngUik kpf;f gy m k;rq;fs; ehzk;.lk milAk; gbahf ehtyh; vOe;J tpthj Nkil Nehf;fp ele;J nrd;whh; vdf; fl;Liuahrphpah; moFw me;epiyapid $Wfpd;whh;. 08. ,f; fl;Liuahrphpahpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fis. 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N[hjp - gpufhrk;> xsp 5. tjdk; - Kfk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 21 ,uh.ep\he;jd; nghUs;.. mts; nry;Yk; NghJ fhj;jpUe;J> mts; nry;Yk; topnay;yhk; vdJ fz;fs; mtsJ gpd; mofpid Muha;e;J kfpo;r;rp nfhs;fpwJ. cUthf;fg;gl;l cUSfpd;w Njh;r; rf;fuj;jpy; mfg;gl;l rpwpa tpyq;F mr; rf;fuj;NjhL Nrh;e;J Roy;tjidg; Nghy mtsJ rpe;ijidNahL Rod;W mjpy; kfpo;r;rp nfhz;L gy ehl;fisf; fopj;Njd;. mtsJ gpufhrkhd KfkhdJ jpUk;gp vd;idg; ghh;j;jhy; Gyd;fs; mope;J GJg;gpwtpia ehd; milNtd;. ghly; 03 Gyq;fNshL fuzKk; MtpAk; Nghe;J epd;w tpUg;Gld; khdpld; lk eyq;fs; VJ tpUk;Gtd; mq;F mit ez;Zwg; ngwy; jpz;zk; jhd; vd ,yq;F E}y; czh; Qhdpah; $Wth; ahDk; kw;W mJ nka; vdj; Njh;e;JNsd; u. tpyq;F ,aw;if ,y;iy vdpy; ahnkyhk; tpUk;G kl;bdpy; tpz;Zwy; MFNk. mUk;gj tpsf;fk; ed Mtp - caph; Nghe;J - Nrh;eJ ; eyd;fs; - ed;ikfs; jpz;zk; - cWjp ,yq;F - tpsq;Fk;.lk tpyq;fpaw;if - tpyq;fpd; Fzk; tpzZ; wy; - nrhh;fk;> thDyfk; miljy; nghUs; w. 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Njhw;wk; ahitAk; khdjk; MFkhy; MOk; neQ;rfj;J Mir ,d;W cs;sNjy;. mjDilg; nghUs; ehis tpise;jpLk; jhOk; cs;sj;jh; Nrhh;tpdh; MLNghy;. jhtpj; jhtp gynghUs; ehLNthh; tPOk; Xh; ,ilåw;wpDf;F mQ;RNthh;. tpUk;Gk; ahTk; nghwhh; jhk; ,th; jhkd;Nw. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 22 ,uh.ep\he;jd; mUk;gjk; 1. khacyfk; - Nghyp cyfk;> ngha; cyfk; 2. khdjk; - kdk; tpUk;Gk; 3. jhOKs;sj;jhh; - jho;e;j ,opthd cs;sKilNahh; nghUs; gue;j ,e;j ngha;ahd cyfj;jpy; fhZk; fhl;rpfs; ahTk; epiyaw;wjhFk;. ,d;W mb kdjpy; Njhd;Wk; tpUg;gk; ,Uf;Fkhdhy; mjd; gad; ehis tpise;jpLk;. jho;e;j cs;sKilath;> Nrhk;gy; cilath;> ML Nghy; jhtp gy nghUs; ehLNthh;> jkf;F Vw;gLk; ,ilQ;rYf;F mQ;RNthh;> ,j;jifath;fs; jhk; tpUk;Gk; vjidAk; lk ngwkhl;lhh;fs;. ghly; 05 u. tpjpia Nehth; jk; ez;giuj; J}w;Wth; ntFsp nghq;fp giftiu epe;jpg;gh; rjpfs; nra;th; ngha;r; rhj;jpuk; NgRth; rhjfq;fs; Gul;Lth; ngha;ik Nrh; ed kjpapdpy; Giy ehj;jpfk; $Wth; kha;e;jplhj epiwe;j tpUg;gNk fjpfs; ahTk; jUnkd Xh;e;jplhh; fz;zpy;yhjth; Nghy jpifg;gh; fhz;. mUk;gjq;fs;.lk 1. ntFsp - Nfhgk; 2. epe;jpj;jy; - ,opthf NgRjy; 3. kjp - Gj;jp> kdk; 4. ehj;jpfk; - flTs; ,y;iynad $Wjy; w 5. fjp - tPLNgW> Kf;jp 6. jpifg;gh; - tUe;Jth;> gpukpg;gh; nghUs; w. jiytpjpia epidj;J tUe;JNthh;> jk; ez;giuj; J}w;WNthh;> Nfhgk; nfhz;L gifth;fis ,ope;Jiug;Nghh;> #o;r;rpfs; nra;Nthh;> w rh];jpuq;fis ek;GNthh;> jk; mwptpdhy; flTisNa ,y;iynad;W $WNthh; ,th;fs; fyf;fkpy;yhj epiwthd tpUg;gNk ew;fjpapid jUk; vd;gij czuhJ fz; ,y;yhjth; Nghy tho;th;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 23 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  01. FW tpdhf;fs; 1. “ ePnuLj;J tUtjw;F mts; kzp epj;jpyg; Gd;dif Rlh; tPrplg; Nghh;… m. epj;jpyk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  Kj;J M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpLf?  ctikazp - Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;dif 2. “ Nghh; vLj;J tUk; kjd; Kd; nry NghFk; Ntis mjw;Fj; jpdk; NjhWk;... lk m. kjd; vdf; fUjg;gLtJ ahh;?  kd;kjd; u. M. kd;kjDila nray; ahJ?  fhjy; Nghh; njhLj;J Kd; nry;Yjy; 3. “ ahj;j Njh; cUisg;gL Nkiojhd; ahz;L Njh;nrYk; Mq;F ,Og;Gw;W vd... ed m. Nkio vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  nfhk;gpy;yhj rpwpa tpyq;F.lk. M. ahj;j Njh; vd;gjid tpsf;Ff?  cUthf;fg;gl;l Njh; 4. “ ©j;j N[hjp tjdk; jpUk;G Nky; Gyd; mope;J xU Gj;Japh; va;JNtd;... w m. tjdk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  Kfk; w M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; czh;T ahJ?  fhjy; czh;T w 5. “ Gyq;fNshL fuzKk; MtpAk; Nghe;J epd;w tpUg;Gld; khdpld;... m. Gyq;fs; vdf; fUjg;gLtJ?  [k;Gyd;fs; - Rit> cW>xsp> Xir> ehw;wk; M. ,q;F fuzk; vdf; Fwpf;fg;gLgit?  Gj;jp> rpj;jk;> mfq;fhuk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 24 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 6. “ tpyq;F ,aw;if ,y;iy vdpy; ahnkyhk; tpUk;G kl;bdpy; tpz;Zwy; MFNk... m. tpyq;F ,aw;if vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  tpyq;fpd; Fzk; M. tpz;Zwy; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  nrhh;f;fj;ij miljy;. 7. “MLNghy; jhtpj; jhtp gynghUs; ehLNthh; tPOk; Xh; ,ilåw;wpDf;F mQ;RNthh;... m. ML Nghy; jhtpj; jhtp gy nghUs; ehLNthh; vd;gjd; fUj;J. lk  Ml;bid Nghy mq;Fk; ,q;Fk; gy nghUs; kPJ. - tpUg;gk; nfhs;Sjy;. M. ,q;F ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ? u.  ctikazp 8. “ tpjpia Nehth; jk; ez;giuj; J}w;Wth; ntFsp nghq;fp giftiu epe;jpg;gh;... ed m. ,q;F xUth; tpUk;gpaij mila Kbahikf;fhd fhuzq;fs;?  jiy tpjpia nehe;J nfhs;sy;  ez;giuj; J}w;Wjy;.lk M. ntFsp vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  Nfhgk; 9. “ fjpfs; ahTk; jUnkd Xh;e;jplhh; fz;zpy;yhjth; w Nghy jpifg;gh; fhz;... m. fjp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? ed;ik> tPLNgW w  M. ctikazpid Fwpg;gpLf?  fz; ,y;yhjth;fs; Nghy jpifj;jy; w 10. “ kjpapdpy; Giy ehj;jpfk; $Wth; kha;e;jplhj epiwe;j tpUg;gNk... m. kjp vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?..  Gj;jp. rpe;ij. M. ehj;jpfk; vd;gjd; tpsf;fk; ahJ?  flTs; ,y;iynad;W ek;GNthh;> $WNthh; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 25 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs; 02. xUth; jhk; tpUk;gpaij miltjw;fhd topKiwfs; vitnad ghujpahh; $Wfpwhh;?. xUth; jk; [k;Gyd;fisAk; mlf;fp kdk;> caph; Kjypad xd;W gl;l epiyapy; xd;iw tpUk;Gk; NghJ tpUk;gpa eyd;fis fpilf;fg; ngWth;. ,jid>.. “ Gyd;fNshL fuzKk; MtpAk; Nghj;J epd;w tpUg;Gld; khdpld; eyq;fNsJ tpUk;Gtd; mq;fit ez;Zwg;ngwy; jpz;zk;... NkYk;> xUth; mq;Fk; ,q;Fk; miyfpd;w tpyq;fpd; Fzq;fis ePf;fp lk tpUk;Gk; eyid ngw Kaw;rpj;jhy; mJ fpilf;fg;ngWth;.. “ tpyq;fpaw;if ,y;iynadpy; ahnkyhk;. tpUk;Gkl;bdpy; tpz;ZwyhFNk... u. vDk; ghlybfs; thapyhf ,j; jd;ikapid fhzyhk;. 03.xUth; jhk; tpUk;gpatw;iw mila Kbahky; ed Nghtjw;fhd fhuzq;fs; vit? ghujpahh; Rarhpij vDk; ,g;gFjpapy;> xUth; jhk; tpUk;Gtw;iw mila Kbahky; Nghtjw;fhd fhuzq;fshf my;yJ ,ay;Gfshf ghujpahh; gpd;tUtdtw;iw vLj;Jiuf;fpd;whu; mitahtd>..lk  jho;thd kdr;rpe;jid  Nrhk;gy; epiy> Nrhh;T  jiytpjpia Nehjy;  ML Nghy; gy nghUs; ehLjy;  ez;giu J}w;Wjy; w  Nfhgk; nfhz;L giftiu J}w;Wjy;  Nfhgk; nfhs;Sjy;  #o;r;rpfs; nra;jy; w  flTis ek;g kWj;jy;  rh];jpuj;jpid ek;Gjy;  gak; nfhs;Sjy;  tpUg;gNk ew;fjpia jUk; vd ek;ghik. w ,tw;iw>  “ jhOk; cs;sj;jh; Nrhh;tpdh; MLNghy; jhtpj; jhtp gynghUs; ehLNthh; tPOk; Xh; ,ilåw;wpDf;F mQ;RNthh; tpUk;Gk; ahTk; nghwhh; jhk; ,th; jhkd;Nw..  “ tpjpia Nehth; jk; ez;giuj; J}w;Wth; ntFsp nghq;fp giftiu epe;jpg;gh;... vDk; ghlybfs; %yKk; mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 26 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 04. ghujpahhpd; fhjy; czh;T/khrpy;yhj gps;isf; fhjy; gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f?. ,g; gFjpapy; ghujpahhpd; khrpy;yhj gps;isf;fhjy; moFw ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. . Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;dif gpufhrpf;f ePnuLg;gjw;fhf nry;Yk; mtisf; fz;lth; fhjy; nfhs;Sk; gbahf kd;kjd; mts; Kd; fhjy; Nghh; njhLj;J nry;fpd;whd;. mjpy; jhDk; mfg;gl;ljhf ghujpahhpd; fhjy; czh;T ntspgg; LfpwJ.. mts; ePnuLg;gjw;fhf nry;Yk; topapy; mtspd; tUiff;fhf jpdKk; fhj;jpUj;jy;. mts; nry;Yk; top KOJk; mtsJ gpd;doif jd; fz;fs; lk  Muha;e;J mjd; thapyhf kfpo;r;rp nfhs;fpd;wJ vdf; $Wjy; mtsJ rpe;jidapy; jd; kdkhdJ Rod;W mjd; %yk; kfpo;r;rp u. mile;jjhf ghujpahh; $Wfpwhh;. mjhtJ Njh;r;rf;fuj;jpy; mfg;gl;L Rod;W nry;Yk; rpwpa tpyq;fpidg; Nghy jd; kdKk; mtspd; rpe;jidapy; Roy;fpd;wjhk;. NkYk;> mtsJ gpufhrk; nghUe;jpa mofpa KfkhdJ jd;id  jpUk;gp ghh;jj ed ; hy; jd; Ik;Gyd;fSk; mope;J kPz;Lk; Xh; GJg;gpwtpia milNtd; vd $Wfpwhh; ghujp. ,t;thW ghujpahhpd; fhjy; czh;T kw;Wk; khrpy;yhj gps;isf;fhjy; vd;gtw;iw fhzyhk;..lk 05. ghujpahh; Rarhpijapy; mzp ntspg;ghL gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f.? ctikazpapd; ntspg;ghL w  Njrgf;jh;fis mopg;gjw;F giltPuh;fs; fhj;jpUg;gij Nghy mtspd; tUiff;fhf ehDk; fhj;jpUe;Njd;. ctkhdk; - Njr gf;jh; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUf;Fk; gil tPuh; w ctNkak; - mtspd; tUiff;fhf fhj;jpUe;j ehd; nghJj;jd;ik - fhj;jpUj;jy;  Njh;r;rf;fuj;jpy; rpwpa tpyq;F Xl;br; nry;tjid Nghy vd; w kdKk; mts; nrhy;Yk; top KOJk; nry;Yjy;. ctkhdk; - Njh;r; rf;fuj;jpy; xl;ba tpyq;F ctNkak; - mts; epidtpy; nry;Yk; vd; kdk; nghJj;jd;ik - xd;wpize;j jd;ik> Rod;W nry;yy;  MLNghy; mq;Fk; ,q;Fk; jhtpg; gy nghUs; ehLjy; ctkhdk; - ML Nghy; jhTjy; ctNkak; - gy nghUs; ehLNthh; nghJj;jd;ik - miyjy;> NjLjy;  ew;fjpfs; fpilf;Fk; vd fUjhjth;fs;fs; fz;zpy;yhjth; Nghy gpukpg;gh; ctkhdk; - fz; ,y;yhjth; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 27 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  ctNkak; - ew;fjp fpilf;fhJ vdf; fUJNthh; nghJj;jd;ik - fpilf;fg;nghwik  Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;dif nfhz;l ngz; ctkhdk; - Kj;J. ctNkak; - ngz;zpd; Gd;dif. nghJj;jd;ik - moF ,t;thW mzpfspd; ntspg;ghL gw;wp ,q;F fz;Zw KbAk;. 06. ghujpah; fhl;Lk; rpWkpapd; moF ntspg;ghl;bid vLj;Jiuf;Ff? ghujpahh; Rarhpijapy;> jhd; fz;l rpWkpapd; moF lk eyd;fis ghujpahh; moFw rpj;jhpff ; pd;whh;. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>  ePh; vLj;J tUtjw;fhf jpde;NjhWk; nrhy;fpd;wts;. u.  Kj;Jg; Nghd;w Gd;difia tPRgts;> mJ xsp tpl;Lg; gpufhrpj;jy;  kd;kjd; mts; Kd;Nd Nghh; njhLj;Jr; nry;Yk; mstpw;F moFilats; ed  gpufhrk; nghUe;jpa Kf tdg;gpidf; nfhz;lts;  Muha;e;J kfpo;r;rp nfhs;Sk; gbahd gpdd ; ofpidf;.lk nfhz;lts;.  Gyd;fs; mopj;J kW gpwtp milaf; $bajhd Kf moF gilj;jts; w ,t;thW ghujpahh; fz;l rpWkpapd; moF eyd;fs; moFw th;zpf;Fk; jd;ikapid fz;Zwyhk;. w w jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 28 ,uh.ep\he;jd; myF - 04 jdpg;ghly;fs;  jkpo; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; gy;NtW fhyg;gFjpapy; ntt;NtW Gyth;fshy; ghlg;gl;l gy;Rit epuk;gpa ghly;fspd; njhFg;G jdpg;ghly;fshFk;. ,it jdpgg; hlw;jpul;L vDk; ngauhy; miof;fg;gLfpd;wJ.  jdpg;ghly;fs; ghba Gyth;fshf> xsitahh;> fk;gh;> xl;lf;$j;jh;> fhsNkfg;Gyth;> gbf;fhRg; Gyth;> GfNoe;jpg; Gyth;> nrhf;fypq;fg; Gyth; MfpNahh; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fth;fs;. lk ,g;ghl myfpy; gpd;tUk; Gyth;fspd; jdpg;ghly;fis ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;. 1. GfNoe;jpg;Gyth; ghly; u. 2. gbf;fhRg;Gyth; ghly; 3. fhsg;Nkfg;Gyth; ghly;; ghly; - gpiwfs; %d;W ed    (re;jp gphpj;j gpd;) gq;fg; godj;J cOk; coth;.lk gytpd; fdpiag; gwpjj ; J vd;W rq;F ,l;L vwpa Fuq;F ,sePh; jidf; nfhz;L vwpAk; jkpo;ehlh w nfhq;fhh;f;F mkuhgjp mspj;j NfhNt ,uhr Fyjpyfh w ntq;fl; gpiwf;Fk; fUk;G ,iwf;Fk; nkype;J mk;G ,iwf;Fk; tpopNtNy. w mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. gq;fk; - NrW 2. godk; - tay; 3. jkpo; ehlh - jkpo; ehl;bd; jiytd; 4. nfhq;fhh; - nfhq;f ehl;lth; 5. mkuhgjp - nrhh;f;f efuk; 6. ntq;fl; gpiw - ntz;ikahd re;jpud; 7. fUk;gpiw - kd;kjd; (fUk;G ,iwtd;) 8. mk;G ,iwf;Fk; - fz;zPh; nrhhpAk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 29 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  nghUs; - NrW nghUe;jpa taypy; cOfpd;w coth;fs; Fuq;Ffs; gyhf;fdpfis gwpjJ; gho; nra;fpd;wd vd;W taypy; cs;s rq;Ffis vLj;J Fuq;FfSf;F vwpa> mjw;F Fuq;Ffs; gop thq;f epidj;J ey;y ,sePh;fis gwpj;J coth;fs; kPJ vwpfpd;w tsk; nghUe;jpa jkpo; tsq;Fk; jkpo; ehl;bd; (NrhoehL) jiytNd> gifth;fshd nfhq;f ehl;lth;fSf;F Aj;jj;jpy; Rth;;f;f efuk; (mkuhtjp) nfhLf;fpd;w murNd> ,g; ngz;Zila mofpa fz;fs; ntz;ikahd ,sk;gpiwr;re;jpuDf;Fk;> fUk;G tpy;Nye;jpa kd;kjDf;Fk; nkypT mile;J fz;zPh; nrhhpfpd;wd (,ts; epiy ,uq;fj;jf;fjhFk; ) 01. gpd;tUk; FWtpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOJf lk 1..“ gq;fg;godj;J cOk; coth; gytpd; fdpia gwpj;jnjd;W... m. ,q;F godk; vd;gjd; nghUs;? u.  tay; M. gq;fk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ? ed  NrW 2. “ nfhq;fh;f;F mkuhgjp mspj;j NfhNt ,uhr Fyjpyfh..” m. ,q;F ve;j kd;dd; rpwg;gpf;fg;gLfpd;whd;?.lk  Nrho kd;dd; M. mkuhgjp vdg;gLtJ ahJ?  nrhh;f;fNyhfk;> mjDila jiyefuk; w 3. “ ntq;fl; gpiwf;Fk; fUk;G ,iwf;Fk; nkype;J mk;G ,iwf;Fk; tpopNtNy... ” w m. ntq;fl; gpiw vd;gjd; fUj;J?  ntz;ikahd gpiwr; re;jpud; w M. fUk;G ,iw vd;gjd; fUj;J?  kd;kjd; ,. tpopNty; vd;gjpy; cs;s mzp?  cUtfk; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 30 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 02. ,g; ghlypy; Nrho ehl;bd; tsk; vt;thW ntspg;gLfpd;wJ ?  coTj; njhopy; rpwg;ghf eilngWk; ehL.  tay;fspy; rq;F tpisfpd;w ePh;tsk; nghUe;jpa ehL  gyhkuq;fs; taYf;F mUfpNy epiwe;jpUj;jy;  taypd; mUfpNyNa ,sePh; jUk; njd;id kuq;fs; fhzg;gLjy;  ,dpa jkpo; toq;Fk; ehlhf tpsq;Fjy; 03. Nrho kd;dd; tPuk;> rpwg;G vt;thW vLj;Jf; lk fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ ?  tPuk; - Nghhpy; nfhq;f ehl;ltiu Njhw;fbj;J mth;fSf;F kuzj;ij ghprspg;gtd; mjhtJ Rth;f;f efuj;jpw;F mth;fis u. mDg;gpitg;gtd;.  rpwg;G - jkpo; toq;Fk; Nrho ehl;bd; kd;dd; ed  ,uh[ Fyj; jpyfkhf tpsq;Fgtd; 04. ,g;ghlypy; ntspg;gLk; %d;W gpiwfSk; vit?  ntz;fl;gpiw - ntz;ikahd ,sk; gpiwr;re;jpud;.lk  fUk;gpiw - fUk;G tpy; Ve;jpa kd;kjd>; fUk;Gf;F ,iwtd;  mk;gpiw - ngz;zpd; fz;zPh;> tpopePh; 05. ,g; ghlypy; ngz; fz;zPh; nrhhptjw;fhd fhuzk; w ahJ? ntz;ikahd gpiwr;re;jpuDf;Fk;> fhkNjtdhfpa fUk;G ,iwtd; kd;kjDf;Fk; nkypT mile;J jiytidg; w gphpe;j ngz;zpd; tpopfs; fz;zPh; nrhhpfpd;wd. mjhtJ re;jpuDk;> kd;kjDk; mg; ngz;iz tUj;jNt mtsJ Ntyhfpa $h;ikahd fz;fs; fz;zPiu nrhhpfpd;wd. w 06. coth;fs; jk; jhfk; jPh;g;gjw;F ifahz;l cj;jp ahJ? coth;fs; jkf;F jhfk; Vw;glNt> taypy; cs;s rq;Ffis vLj;J Fuq;Ffs; gyhf;fdpfis gho; nra;fpd;wd vdr; rhl;Lf; $wp vwpe;jdh;. cld; Fuq;Ffs; mjw;F gop thq;f ,sePh;fis gwpj;J coth;fs; kPJ vwpe;jd. mjd; %yk; coth;fs; jk; jhfj;jpid jPh;j;J nfhz;ldh;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 31 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  ; ghly; - rPjf;fhjpapd; nfhilj; jd;ik Xh; jl;bNy nghd;Dk; Xh; jl;bNy ney;Yk; xf;ftpw;Fk; fhh; jl;ba gQ;r fhyj;jpNy jq;fs; fhhpag; Ngh; Mh; jl;bDk; jl;L tuhkNy md;djhdj;jpwF ; khh; jl;ba Jiukhy; rPjf;fhjp tNuhjaNd. mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. xf;f - rkkhf 2. fhh; - kio> Nkfk; lk 3. fhhpa Nghh; - Raeythjpfs; 4. khh; jl;ba - neQ;R jl;ba u. 5. Jiukhy; - nfhil ts;sy; 6. tNuhjad; - tuk; ngw;wtd; ed nghUs; - xU jl;bNy nghd;Dk;> ,d;ndhU jl;bNy ney;Yk; itj;J rkg;gLj;jp tpw;Fk;> kio ,y;yhJ Nghd gQ;r fhyj;jpNy jk; Raeyj;jpw;fhf ahh; jLj;jhYk; md;djhdj;jpw;F jl;Lg;ghL tuhkNyNa ehd; ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vd;W khh; jl;ba nfhil ts;sy; rPjf;fhjp tuj;jpdhy; gpwe;jtd;..lk 01. gpd;tUk; FWtpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOJf. 1.. “ Xh; jl;bNy nghd;Dk; Xh; jl;bNy ney;Yk; xf;ftpw;Fk; fhh; jl;ba gQ;r fhyj;jpNy... w m. ,g; ghliyg; ghbath; ahh;?  gbf;fhRg; Gyth; w M. ,q;F fhh; jl;ba vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  kio ngha;j;Jg; Nghd w 2. “ Mh; jl;bDk; jl;L tuhkNy md;djhdj;jpw;F khh; jl;ba Jiukhy; rPjf;fhjp tNuhjaNd... m. ,t;tbfspd; rpwg;gpf;fg;gLk; kd;dd; ahh;?  rPjf;fhjp M. tNuhjad; vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?  tuj;jpdhy; gpwe;jtd; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 32 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 02. ,g; ghlypy; gQ;r fhyj;jpd; nfhLik vt;thW ntspf;fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ? nghd;dpd; tpiyahdJ mjpfkhdJ mj;Jld; kjpg;G kpf;fJ> Mdhy; kio ngha;j;Jg; Nghd gQ;r fhyj;jpy; ney;yhdJ nghd; Nghd;W kjpg;G kpf;f nghUshf khwpaJ. mjhtJ nghd;Df;F rkkhf ney;Yk; kjpf;fg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jd; %yk; ney;iy thq;fp cz;z Kbahj gQ;r fhy epiy ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. Vio kf;fs; ney;iy thq;fp jk; grpia Nghf;f Kbahj epiy ,q;F ntspf;fhl;lg;gLfpwJ.. Xh; jl;bNy nghd;Dk; Xh; jl;bNy ney;Yk; xf;ftpw;Fk;. fhh; jl;ba gQ;r fhyj;jpNy.. vDk; mbfs; me;epiyapid njspTWj;Jfpd;wJ. lk 03. rPjf;fhjp kd;ddpd; nfhilj; jpwd; vt;thW fhl;lg;gl;Ls;sJ? u. gQ;r fhyj;jpy; ney;ypd; kjpg;G cah;thdJ. nghd; Nghd;W tpsq;FtJ ney;yhFk;. mt; NtisapYk; ahh; te;J jLj;jhYk; Vio kf;fSf;F md;djhdk; nra;J kf;fspd; grpiag; Nghf;fpatd; rPjf;fhjp kd;dd;. mjhtJ gQ;r fhyj;jpy; ahUNk ed md;djhdk; nra;a Kd;tu khl;lhh;fs;. Mdhy; ehd; ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vd;W khh; jl;b kf;fSf;F cztspg;gtd; vDk; tifapy; rPjf;fhjpapd; nfhilj;jpwd; ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. ,jid>. jq;fs; fhhpag; Ngh; Mh; jl;bDk; jl;L tuhkNy md;djhdj;jpw;F khh; jl;ba Jiukhy; rPjf;fhjp tNuhjaNd.vDk;.lk. mbfs; %yk; fhzyhk;. ; - 01 ghly; 1- fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;lJ w fopAk; gpio nghUs; js;sp ed;D}yhk; flypy; cz;L topAk; nghjpif tiuapdpy; fhy; nfhz;L tz; ftpij w nkhopAk; Gyth; kdj;ij ,bj;J Koq;fp kpd;dpg; nghopAk; gbf;F ftp fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;lNj. mUk;gj tpsf;fk; w 1. fopAk; - tpyf;fj;jf;f 2. js;sp - tpyf;fp 3. ed;D}y; - ey;y E}y;fs; 4. tiu - kiy 5. tz; ftpij - tdg;G> mofpa ftpij jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 33 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  nghUs; tpyf;fj;jf;f gpiofisnay;yhk; tpyf;fp> fly; - Nghd;w E}y;fis mwpTf;F czthf cz;L mUtpfs; epuk;gp topfpd;w nghjpif kiyapNy epiy nfhz;L> mofpa ftpijfisg; ghLfpd;w Gyth;fSila kdkhfpa thdj;jpNy ,bj;J> Koq;fp> kpd;dp ftp kio nghopAk; gbahf ,e;jf; ftp fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;Ltpl;lNj. 01. gpd;tUk; FWtpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOJf. 1.. “ fopAk; gpio nghUs; js;sp ed;D}yhk; flypy; cz;L... m. fopAk; gpio vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ? lk  tpyf;fj;jf;f nghUl; gpiofs; M. ey;D}yhk; fly; vd;gjpy; cs;s mzp? u.  cUtfk; - ed;D}yhfpa fly; 2. “ topAk; nghjpif tiuapdpy; fhy; nfhz;L tz; ftpij nkhopAk; Gyth;... ed m. ,jpy; nghjpif tiu vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs;?  tiu vd;gJ kiy. 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Koq;fp> kpd;dy; kpd;dp> thdk; vt;thW kio nghopANkh mJ Nghy fhsNkfg; GytUk; ftpij ghLk; Mw;wYilath; vd $wg;gLfpd;wJ. mwpT E}y;fs; gytw;iw fw;W tdg;G kpf;f ftpijfis Vida Gyth;fs; mr;rk; nfhs;Sk; gbahf ghLtjw;F ftp fhsNkfk; Gwg;gl;L tpl;lNj vd Gythpd; fw;gidahw;wy; ,q;f ntspg;gLfpd;wJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 34 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  ; - 02 ghly; 2- ghk;Gk; vs;Sk; xg;G Mbf; Flj;J milAk; MLk; NghNj ,iuAk; %b jpwf;fpd; Kfk; fhl;Lk; Xb kz;il gugu vDk; ghhpy; gpz;zhf;F cz;lhk; cw;wpLk; ghk;G vs;S vdNt xJ. nghUs; - ghk;ghdJ glnkLj;J Mba gpd; Flj;jpDs; nrd;W mile;J tpLk;. glk; vLj;J MLk; NghJ ,iuAk;> Flj;jpy; mile;j gpd; %bj; jpwe;jhy; jd; jiyia J}f;fp Kfj;ijf; fhl;Lk;. ghk;G jPz;bdhy; tp\k; jiyf;Nfwp jiy guguf;Fk;. ghk;Gf;F gpse;j ehf;F cs;sJ. lk ,ijg; NghyNt vs;shdJ nrf;fpNy Ml;lg;gl;L Flj;jpNy vLj;J milf;fg;gLk;. nrf;fpNy Ml;Lk; NghJ ,iur;ry; Xir cz;lhFk;. u. Flj;jpd; %biaj; jpwe;jhy; vz;nza; vk; Kfj;ijf; fhl;Lk;. vz;nza;iaf; jiyapNy jltpdhy; jiy guguf;Fk;. vs;Sf;Fk; gpz;zhf;F cz;L. vdNt ,t;Tyfpy; ctikahy; nghUe;Jfpd;w ghk;Gk;> vs;Sk; xd;iwnahd;W xj;jjhFk;; vd;W nrhy;Yf. ed mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. ,iuAk; - rj;jk; nra;Ak; 2. gpz;zhf;F - gpse;j ehf;F> gpsT gl;l ehf;F.lk 01. gpd;tUk; FWtpdhf;fSf;F tpil vOJf. 1.. “ Mbf; Flj;J milAk; NghNj ,iuAk; %b jpwf;fpd; Kfk; fhl;Lk;... w m. ,q;F xg;gplg;gl;l ,U nghUl;fSk; vit?  ghk;G > vs;S w M. ,q;F gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s mzp ahJ?  rpNyil w 2. “ Xb kz;il gugu vDk; ghhpy; gpz;zhf;F cz;lhk;... m. gpz;zhf;F vd;jd; fUj;J ahJ?  gpse;j ehf;F M. gpz;zhf;F vd;gJ ghk;G> vs;S vd;gtw;wpw;F vt;thW xg;ghfpd;wJ?  ghk;G - gpsT gl;l ehf;F  vs;S - vs; vz;nza; te;j gpd; tUk; gpz;zhf;F jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 35 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 3. m. fhsNkfg;Gythpd; ,aw;ngah; ahJ?  tujd; M. fhsNkfg;GytUf;f toq;fg;gl;l rpwg;Gg; ngaH?  MRftp> rpNyilf;ftp 02. ,g;ghlypy; ghk;G> vs;S vd;gtw;wpd; xj;j jd;ikfis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf?  Mbf; Flj;ij milAk;  ghk;G - glnkLj;J Mba gpd; Flj;jpDs; nrd;W mile;JtpLk; lk.  vs;S - nrf;fpNy Ml;lg;gl;L Flj;jpDs; vLj;J milf;fg;gLk;  MLk; NghJ ,iuAk; u.  ghk;G - glk; vLj;J MLk; NghJ ,iuAk;.  vs;S - nrf;fpNy Ml;lg;gLk; NghJ ,iur;ry; ed cz;lhFk;  %bj;jpwf;fpd; Kfk; fhl;Lk;  ghk;G - Flj;jpy; milj;J %bg; gpd; jpwf;Fk; NghJ jiyia J}f;fp fhl;Lk;.lk.  vs;S - Flj;jpd; %biaj; jpwe;jhy; vz;nza; vk; Kfj;ij fhl;Lk;  Xb kz;il guguf;Fk; w  ghk;G - jPz;bdhy; tprk; jiyf;Nfwp jiy guguf;Fk;.  vs;S - vz;nza;ia jiyapy; itj;jhy; jiyapy; gugu vDk; czh;T Vw;gLk; w  gpz;zhf;F cz;lhk; w  ghk;G - gpsT gl;l ehf;F cs;sik.  vs;S - vs; vz;nza; Cw;wpa gpd; gpz;zhf;fhf tUjy; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 36 ,uh.ep\he;jd; myF - 05 fk;gpål;lh; - rpWfij  fk;gpål;lh; rpWfijapd; Mrphpah; - m. Kj;Jypq;fk;.  fk;gpål;lh; rpWfij ,lk;ngw;Ws;s E}y; - tlf;F tPjp 1. “ ez;gh; fk;gpål;lUf;F jyGuhzk; vOjpath; tpLthuh..” m. jyGuhzk; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  jyk; xd;wpd; kfpikia> ngUikia Fwpg;gJ. M. fk;gål;lh; vd;gjd; jkpo; tbtk; ahJ? lk  fzpdp 2. “xU Kiw ftp fhsNkfk; ghi\ njhpahj jpk;kp vd;fpw u. jhrpAld; ,uitf; fopf;f Ntz;b te;jjhk;..” m. ,q;F ,lk;ngw;Ws;s Gythpd; ngah;?  fhsNkfg;Gyth; ed M. ghi\ vd;gjd; nghUs;?  nkhop 3. “ Kjy; ehNs ehd; xU nghpa cz;ikia fz;Lgpbj;Njd;.lk fzpg;nghwp vd;gJ xU ,uhl;rj Ntiyf;fhud;.. ” m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; $wg;gl;lJ?  fijahrphpahuhy;> mutpe;jdpd; je;ijahy; w M. ,uhl;rjk; vd;gjd; fUj;J?  kpff; fbdkhd> nfhLikahd> gaq;fuk; w 4. “ mutpe;jh> mutpe;jh ,q;f th vd;W ahid Mjp%yj;ij $g;gpl;lJ Nghy XykpLths;.. ” m. ,f;$w;iwf; $wpaJ ahh;? w  mutpe;jdpd; mk;kh Nkfyh M. ahid Mjp%yj;ij $g;gpl;lJ Nghy.. vDk; mb ntspg;gLj;Jk; fUj;J ahJ? fN[e;jpud; vDk; ahid tp\;Zit  mioj;jik. (mjhtJ Kjiy tha; mfg;gl;l fN[e;jpud; jd;id tpLtpj;Jf; nfhs;s midj;jpw;F Mjpahfpa jpUkhiy Mjp%yNk ruzk; vd mgak; vOg;gpaJ) jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 37 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 5. “ ,UJgh;zd; vd;w murd; jkae;jpapd; ,uz;lhtJ Rak;tuj;jpy; fye;J nfhs;s Njhpy; tpiufpd;whd;… ” m. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; ,yf;fpak; vJ?  esntz;gh M. mjd; Mrphpa ahh;?  GfNoe;jpg;Gyth; 6. “ ,e;jf; fk;gpål;lUk; mg;gbj;jhd; ml;r ,Ujaf;fiyapy; ifNjh;e;jjhf ,Ue;jJ... ” m. ml;r ,Ujaf;fiyAld; njhlh;Gilatd; ahh;? lk  ,UJgh;zd; M. ml;r ,Ujaf; fiy vd;why; vd;d? u.  xNu jlitapy; gytw;iw vz;Zfpd;w fiy> Mw;wy; 7. “ vd;Dila kfd; Ftis kyh; Nghd;w fU ed ePyf;fz;fis ,d;Dk; mfy tphpj;J.. ” m. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzpapid Fwpg;gpLf?  ctikzp.lk M. ,q;F kfd; vd tpspf;fg;gl;ltd; ahh;?  mutpe;jd; 8. “ tpl;buhNj tpl;buhNj gpb vd;W fj;jpNdd;.. ” w M. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?  mutpe;jdpd; je;ijahy; mutpe;jDf;F w M. tpl;buhNj vd;gjd; vOj;J tbtk; ahJ?  tpl;LtplhNj w 9. “ vd;dk;kh> ePq;f Rk;kh Rk;kh $g;gpl;L l;ugps; nfhLf;fpwPh;fs;.. ” m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?  mutpe;jdhy; jha; NkfyhTf;F M. l;ugps;; vd;gJ Fwpj;J epw;Fk; nghUs; ?  ,ilåW> ,ilQ;ry; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 38 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 10. “ ,e;jg; igy; ,q;f vg;gb te;jJ…” m. ,f;$w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ?  mutpe;jdpd; je;ijahy; kfDf;F M. igy; vd;gjd; jkpo; tbtk; ahJ?  Nfhit 11. ,g;gbahf re;jp gphpf;fhj ghly; Nghy jiy Rw;wpaJ tptfhuk;.. ,q;F re;jp gphpf;fhj ghly; vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ ahJ?  Ghpe;J nfhs;tjw;F fbdkhf ,Uj;jy;. lk 12. vkpNuh Nthhp vd;ghs; ve;Jz;b t];jp vd;ghs;.. ,f; $w;wpidf; $wpaJ ahh;?  fhsNkfg; Gyth;. u. 13. 486 fk;gpål;lh; vd;W cr;rhldk; nra;jthNw mjd; tPug;gpujhgq;fisg; gw;wp xU guzp ghbdhh;.. m. guzp vd;gjhy; fUjg;gLtJ ahJ? ed Mapuk; ahidfis mlf;fp ntw;wp ngw;w  tPuidf; Fwpj;Jg; ghlg;gLtJ. M. cr;rhldk; vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J ahJ?.lk  kdg;ghlk; nra;jy; fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs; 1. ,r; rpWfijapy; gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;s ctikj; w njhlh;fis vLj;Jf; fhl;Lf? ,r; rpWfijapy; mjpfstpy; ctikj; njhlh;fs; gapyg;gl;Ls;sd. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ> w  fy;Ysp kq;fd; Nghy  Mh;khdpag; ngl;b Nghy w  fj;jphpf;Nfhy; ntl;LtJ Nghy  re;jp gphpf;fhj ghly; Nghy  Myj;jp vLf;f epw;gJ Nghy  kPd;FQ;R ePe;JtJ Nghy  ahid Mjp%yj;ij $g;gpl;lJ Nghy  Kl;bapy; fs;Sg; nghq;FtJ Nghy  mk;kp nghsptJ Nghy  tz;zj;Jg; ©r;rp gwg;gJ Nghy  Gifapiyf; fd;Wf;F ghj;jp fl;LtJ Nghy vdthW ctikj; njhlh;fis fhzKbfpd;wJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 39 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 3. fzpg;nghwpapdhy; Vw;gLk; ed;ikfs; ahit? ,r; rpWfijapy; fzpg;nghwp mjhtJ fk;gpAl;lh; %yk; fpilf;fg;ngWk; ed;ikfis fz;Zw KbAk;.  fhfpjk; kpr;rkhFk;  Rw;Wr;#oYf;F ed;ik Vw;gLfpd;wJ  jpUj;jq;fis XNu jlitapy; Nkw;nfhs;syhk;  nrhw;gpiofisf; fz;Lgpbf;fyhk;> jpUj;jpf; nfhs;syhk;.  nrhw;fspd; vz;zpf;if> gf;f vz;zpf;if vd;gtw;iw mwpayhk;. gpujp vLf;f KbAk;  gy nraw;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;s KbAk;  fzf;Ffis gjpT nra;J Nrkpj;J itf;fyhk; lk  glq;fs; tiuayhk; mj;Jld; Nfk;];tpisahlyhk; ,itaidj;Jk; fzpg;nghwpahy; fpilf;fg;ngWk; ed;ikfnsd u. rpWfijapy; ntspg;gl;L epw;gitahFk;. 4. fk;gpål;lh; tuthy; tPl;by; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fs; ahit? ,r; rpWfijapy; kpfTk; Kf;fpakhd gFjp ,JthFk;. ed fk;gpAl;lh; tPl;bw;F te;jJk; mth;fsJ tPl;bNy gy khw;wq;fs; Vw;gLfpd;wJ. fk;gpAl;lhpd; tUifapdhy; nkhj;jj;jpy; mth;fsJ tPL Kw;whfNt khwpg; Ngha;tpLfpd;wJ.  mutpe;jd; glq;fis tiujy;> Nfk;]; tpisahLjy;.lk  mutpe;jdpd; jha; Nkfyh tPl;Lf; fzf;F> rPl;Lf; fzf;Ffis fzzpapy; gjpe;J itj;jpUj;jy;  fk;gpål;lh; nkhopapy; Ngrg; gofpf; nfhz;lik w  mutpe;jdpd; ez;gh;fs; mbf;fb tPl;Lf;F tUjy;  mutpe;jdpd; je;ij njhiy vDk; jiyg;gpy; ePz;l fij w xd;iw fk;gpål;lhpy; vOJjy;  mutpe;jd;> jha;> je;ij vd gFjp gFjpahf gphpj;J fk;gpål;liug; gad;gLj;jy; w  Gjpjhf gpwe;j Foe;ij tPl;il mbNahL khw;Wtijg; Nghy fk;gpål;lhpd; tUifahy; tPL khwpaJ. ,t;thW fk;gpAl;lh; tUifahy; tPl;by; Vw;gl;l khw;wq;fs; Fwpj;J Nehf;f Kbfpd;wJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 40 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 06. rpWfijapy; gpujhd ghj;jpuq;fspy; Fzg;gz;Gfs; ahit? mutpe;jdpd; je;ij  fij nrhy;ypahf ,lk;ngw;wpUg;gth;  fk;gpål;lh; gw;wpa mwpKfk; ,y;yhjth;  mnkhpf;fhtpy; gzpg;ngz; Nfl;l Nfs;tpfshy; jpzwpg; Nghdth;  fk;gpål;lh; tiffis fz;L Mr;rhpak; mile;jth;  jl;nlOj;J nghwpapy; Njh;r;rp ngw;wth;  njhiy vDk; jiyg;gpy; ePz;l fij xd;iw fzpdpapy; vOjpath;  fzpg;nghwp gw;wp mutpe;jdplk; Nfl;L mwpgth;  jd; ez;giu tPl;Lf;F mioj;J jd; re;Njfq;fis jPh;j;Jf; lk nfhs;gth;. mutpe;jd; u.  xd;gJ taJila rpWtdhf ,lk;ngWgtd;  fk;gpål;liu MtYld; vjph;ghh;j;jpUe;jtd;  fk;gpål;lh; nkhopapy; fijg;gtd;  fk;gpål;lhpy; =uhk; vOjpatd; ed  fzpg; nghwp gw;wpa tpilaq;fis je;ijf;F nrhy;ypf; nfhLg;gtd;  fzpg; nghwpapy; glq;fs; tiugtd;> Nfk;]; tpisahLgtd;  gs;sp Ntiyfis fzpdpapy; nra;gtd;  etPd cyfpd; gpujpepjpahf fijapy; ,lk;ngw;wpUg;gtd;..lk Nkfyh  fk;gpål;lh; thq;Ftjpy; tpUg;gKilats;  mutpe;jdpd; jhahf tpsq;Fgts;  tPl;bw;F fk;gpål;lh; nfhz;Ltug;gLk; NghJ thrypy; w Mh;tj;Jld; fhj;jpUe;jts;  nja;t ek;gpf;if cilats;> fzdpapy; Fq;Fkg; nghl;L itj;jts; w  fzpg;nghwpapy; fzf;Ffs; gjpe;J itg;gts;>  fk;gpål;lhpy; tpiuthf Njh;r;rp ngw;wts; 07. fk;gpål;lh; tPl;bw;F tUk; NghJ ele;j epfo;Tfs; w ahit?  kidtp Nkfyh Myj;jp vLg;gJ Nghy thrypy; fhj;jpUj;jy;.  fk;gpål;liu ,wf;fp ey;y fhyk; ghh;j;J tPl;Lw;Fs; nfhz;L nry;yy;.  rhkpf;F jPgk; fhl;b Nkfyh fzpdpf;F Fq;Fkg; nghl;L itj;jy;.  mutpe;jd; fzpdpapy; Xk; = uhk; vOjpdhd;.  fk;gpål;liu jl;bg; ghh;j;jy;> vOjpg; ghh;j;jy;> mjd; kzj;ij EfUjy;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 41 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 08. ,r; rpWfijapy; ntspg;gLk; eifr; Rit czh;Tfis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf? ,r; rpWfijapNy mjpfkhd ,lq;fspy; eifr; Rit czh;Tfs;,ioNahbAs;sd. mt;tifapy; mit rpWfijf;F tYr; Nrh;f;fpd;wd vdyhk;.  fzdpapy; Mz; ngz; ghFghL ,Ug;gjhf $WtJk; mjw;fhf fijahrphpah; $Wk; tpsf;fKk; eifr;Rit czh;TilaJ.  filf;fhudpd; Njhw;wj;ij $Wk; NghJ> mtd; jiyapy; ,Uf;f Ntz;ba Kbnay;yhk; %f;F topahfTk; fhJ topahfTk; te;J lk nfhz;bUe;jJ vdf; $Wjy;  mnkhpf;fhtpy; J}z;by; thq;fr; nrd;w NghJ filapy; epd;w ngz; Nfl;l Nfs;tpfSk; mth; gl;l ghLk; eifr;Rit czh;tpid u. ntspg;gLj;jy;.  mnkhpf;fh filf;F J}z;by; thq;fr; nrd;w NghJ mq;F ngz; ed Fjp cah; fhyzpapy; eWf; eWf;nfd;W fj;jhpf;Nfhy; ntl;LtJ Nghy ele;J te;jhs; vdf; $Wjy;.  fhsNkfg; Gyth; ghir njhpahj jpk;kpNahL ,uTg; nghOij fopj;j rk;gtj;ij eifr;Rit czh;NthL $Wjy;.lk  filf;fhuUk;> ez;gUk; ciuahLk; NghJ vJTk; njhpahky; epd;wpUj;jy;  fk;gpAl;lhpd; tiffis gythwhf $Wk; NghJ eifr; Rit w czh;T ntspg;gLjy; ,t;thW gy eifr; Rit czh;Tfs; rpWfijapd; ,il ,ilNa w ,ioNahbAs;sd. 5. ,r; rpWfijapy; fk;gpål;lh; vDk; jiyg;gpd; nghUj;jg;ghL gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f? w ,r; rpWfijf;F fk;gpål;lh; vDk; jiyg;G kpfg; nghUj;jkhdjhFk;. fiyg;gilg;G xd;wpd; fUj;Jf;F Vw;g jiyg;G miktJ mtrpakhFk;. mt; tifapy; fUg;nghUSf;F Vw;g neUf;fkhd njhlh;Gilajhf ,j; jiyg;G mike;Js;sJ. fij KOtJNk fk;gpål;lNu gpujhdkhf ,lk;ngWfpd;wJ. gpujhd ghj;jpuq;fspd; nraw;ghLfs; midj;Jk; fk;gpål;liu ikag;gLj;jpNa mikfpd;wd. ,d;iwa fhyfhl;lj;jpy; fk;gpål;lhpd; Njit vj;jifaJ vd;gij ,r; rpWfij ntspg;gLj;JtJk;> fk;gpål;lhpd; ed;ik> jPik> gbg;gpidfs; vd;gdTk; ,q;F ntspg;gLtjdhy; ,r; rpWfijapd; jiyg;G nghUj;jg;ghL cilaJ vd mwpaKbfpd;wJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 42 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 2. rpWfijahrphpahpd; nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf.? fk;gpAl;lh; vDk; ,r; rpWfijapy; kpfTk; rpwg;ghd nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fis fijahrphpah; ifahz;Ls;shh;.  vspikahd nrhw;gpuNahfj;ij ifahz;bUj;jy; rpWfijapy; Njitg;gLk; ,lj;jpy; jkpo; nkhopAld;  Mq;fpy nkhop> tlnkhopr; nrhw;fis gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;. Mq;fpyk; - jpNal;lh;> fTz;lh;> Ngg;gh;> l;ugps>;. tlnkhop - ghi\> =uhk;> lk #l;Rkk;> fhUz;ak;  ctikj; njhlh;fis rpWfijapy; mjpfstpy; u. gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy; eifr;Rit rhh;e;j tpilaq;fis rpWfijapy;  ed ,izj;jpUj;jy;  ,yf;fpaf; fhl;rpfis rpWfijapy; ,izj;jpUj;jy; esntz;gh - ,UJgh;zd; fij..lk fhsNkfg;Gyth; mDgtk; ciuahly; ghq;fpy; Ngr;R tof;F nrhw;fis  ,izj;jpUj;jy;. w th;zidfs;> ctikazp vd;gtw;iw  gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy; w aho;g;ghzg; Ngr;Rtof;Fr; nrhw;fis mjpfstpy;  ifahz;bUj;jy; w rpwpa rpwpa thf;fpaq;fNshL fijia efh;j;jpr;  nrd;wpUj;jy; fijapNy fjhghj;jpuq;fSf;fpilapy; ciuahly;  jd;ikia ifahz;bUj;jy; fijahrphpah; jhNk fijnrhy;ypahf rpWfij KOtJk;  ,ioNahLjy; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 43 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  myF - 06 jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp  Mrphpah; - jphp$luhrg;g ftpuhah; (ghly;fs; re;jp gphpj;j gpd;) ghly; 01 - kiy tsk; thduq;fs; fdp nfhLj;J ke;jpnahL nfhQ;Rk; ke;jp rpeJ ; fdpfSf;F thd;ftpfs; nfQ;Rk; lk fhdth;fs; tpop vwpeJ ; thdtiu miog;gh; ffdrpj;jh; te;J te;J fharpj;jp tpisg;ghh; u. Njd;mUtp jpiu vOk;gp thdpd; top xOFk; nrq;fjpNuhd; ghpf;fhYk; Njh;f;fhYk; tOFk; $dy; ,sk;gpiw Kbj;j Ntzpayq;fhuu; ed Fw;why jphp$l kiy vq;fs; kiyNa. mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. thduk; - Mz;Fuq;F.lk 2. ke;jp - ngz; Fuq;F 3. thd;ftp - Njth; 4. thdth; - Njth;fs; w 5. fhdth; - Ntlh; 6. fharpj;jp - Neha; jPhf ; ;Fk; %ypif w 7. nrq;fjpNuhd; - #hpad; 8. ghpf;fhy; - Fjpiuf;fhy; w 9. Njh;f;fhy; - Njh;r; rf;fuk; nghUs; - Mz;Fuq;Ffs; gytifahd fdpfis gwpj;Jf; nfhLj;J ngz;Fuq;FfSld; nfhQ;Rk;.me;jg; ngz;Fuq;Ffs; cz;Zk; NghJ fPNo rpe;Jfpd;w fdpfSf;F thdj;jpy; cs;s Njth;fs; nfQ;rpf; nfhz;bUg;gh;.Ntlh;fs; jk; fz; ghh;itapdhy; thdpy; cs;s Njth;fis fPNo tUkhW miog;gh;. thdpy; cyhtpj; jphpAk; rpj;jh;fs; fPNo ,wq;fp te;J fharpj;jp %ypiffis tsh;g;gh;. Njd; fye;j kiyaUtpfspd; miyfshdJ thdpd; tiu nrd;W xOFk;. mjpy; #hpadpd; Njh;r;rf;fuKk;> Njhpy; cs;s Fjpiufspd; fhy;fSk; tOf;fpr; nry;Yk;. tise;j ,sk;gpiwr; re;jpuid jd; rlhKbapy; #ba moFila jpUf;Fw;whyehjh; vOe;jUspapUf;fpd;w rpwg;G kpf;f kiyNa vkJ kiyahFk;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 44 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  ghly; 02 Koq;F jpiu Gdy; mUtp foq;F vd Kj;jhLk;. Kw;wk; vq;Fk; gue;J ngz;fs; rpww; piy nfhz;L XLk; fpoq;F fps;sp Njd; vLj;J tsk;ghb ebg;Nghk;. fpk;Ghpapd; nfhk;G xbj;J ntk;G jpid ,bg;Nghhk; nrOq; Fuq;F Njkhtpy; goq;fis ge;J mbf;Fk;. Njd; myh; rz;gfthrk; thDyfpy; ntbf;Fk; toq;F nfhil kfuhrh; FWk;gytpd; Njdilfspy; ,Ue;J Njid vLj;Jk; vk; kiy tsj;ijg; ghb eldkhLNthk;. ahidfspd; je;jk; vLj;J tWj;j jpidapid cuypy; ,l;L.lk ,bg;Nghk;. ,sikahd Fuq;Ffs; khkuj;jpy; ,dpa fdpfisg; gwpj;J mtw;iw ge;Jfshf mbj;J tpisahLk;. 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Jiw - ePhe ; piy 3. this - this kPd; 4. $io - xU tifg; gyh jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 45 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  nghUs; - vUik khLfs; $l;lk; $l;lkhf ,wq;Ffpd;w ePh;epiyapy;> mit nrhhpfpd;w ghiyg; gUfpa this kPd;fs; kzk; tPRk; $iog; gyhtpid Nehf;fp ghAk;> mjdhy; nfhOtpa gyhf;fdpfs; thio kuq;fspy; NkNy cjpu> mjdhy; thiofs; rha;e;J jhio kuq;fis jhf;f> tPl;bw;F tUk; tpUe;jpdh;fSf;F czT nfhLj;J cgrhpg;gijg; Nghy jhioahdJ ©f;fis NrhW Nghy nrhhpa> thio jd; FUj;jpid tphpj;J mtw;wpid Ve;Jk;. ,j;jifa re;jpu#lhpd; njd; Mhpa ehL vq;fs; Fw;why ehlhFk;. ghly; 04 khjk; %d;W kio cs;s ehL. tUlk; %d;W tpisT cs;s ehL Ntjk; %d;Wk; gyh cs;s ehL tpN\\k; %d;Wk; Fyh cs;s ehL lk. Nghjk; %d;Wk; eyd; nra;Ak; ehL. Gtdk; %d;Wk; tyQ; nra;Ak; ehL ehjk; %d;W cUthd Fw;why ehjh; Mhpa ehL vq;fs; ehNl. u.. mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. tpN\rk; - fphpia 2. Nghjk; - kdpj epiy (gpwg;G> tho;T> ,wg;G) 3. eyd; 4. 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J}q;f> tPq;f> Vq;f vd;gjp y; vJifazp ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 46 ,uh.ep\he;jd; mUk;gj tpsf;fk; 1. fd;dy; - fUk;G 2. nfhy;iy - Ky;iy epyk;> gaph; epyk; 3. Nghpif - KuR> thj;jpak; 4. Nrh;ej ; th;; - tho;fpd;wth; 5. ntbf;f - gpsf;f nghUs; - ,e;j ehl;bid te;J Nrh;e;jth;fs; ePq;ff; fhz;gJ jhk; nra;j ghtq;fshFk;. ,e;ehl;by; neUq;fp ,Ug;gitnay;yhk; tay;fspy; cs;s fUk;Gk;> ney;Yk; MFk;. ,q;F njhq;fpf; fplg;git vy;yhk; lk khk;gof; nfhj;Jf;fs;. ,q;F Rod;W nfhz;bUf;f fhz;git japh;filAk; mofpa kj;Jf;fshFk;. ,q;F tPf;fKld; fhzg;gLgit mofpa kq;ifah; khh;gfq;fshFk;. ,q;F ntbf;f fhz;gnjy;yhk; Njhl;lj;jpy; cs; Ky;iy mUk;GfshFk;. ,q;F Vq;ff; fhz;gJ kq;fykhd Nghpif xypahFk;. u. ,j;jifa tsq;fs; epiwe;j Njh;ff ; hYk; tOFk;... " m. ,q;F nrq;fjpNuhd;> ghpf;fhy;> Njh;f;fhy; vd;gtw;wpd; %yk; Gyg;gLk; fUj;J?  nrq;fjpNuhd; - #hpad;.  ghpf;fhy; - Fjpiuf;fhy;.  Njh;f;fhy; - Njhpy; cs;s rf;fuq;fs; M. ,t;tbfspy; ntspg;gLk; mzp ahJ?  cah;T etpw;rpazp 4. “ $dpypsk; gpiw Kbj;j Ntzpayq;fhuh; Fw;why jphp$l lk kiynaq;fs; kiyNa... " m. ,t;tbfspy; $dpypsk; gpiw vd;gjd; nghUs;? u.  tise;j ,sk; gpiwr; re;jpud; M. ,q;F Ntzpayq;fhuh; vdf; fUjg;gLgth; ahh;?  rptngUkhd; ed 5. “ fpk;Ghpapd; nfhk;nghbj;J ntk;G jpiz ,bg;Nghk;… " m. ,jpy; fpk;Ghp vdf;fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?  ahid (©z; fl;lg;gl;l ahid ).lk M. nfhk;G vdg;gLtJ ,q;F ahJ?  je;jk; 6. “ #ONkjp ,wq;Fk; Jiwapy; nrhhpAk; ghiy……" w m. ,q;F Nkjp vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ?  vUik w M. Jiw vdf;fUjg;gLtJ ahJ?  ePh; epiy w 7. “ Ntj %d;Wk; gyhTs;s ehL tpN\r %d;Wk; FyhTs;s ehL... " m. Ntjk; %d;Wk; vdg;gLgit vit?  ,Uf;F> a#h;> rhkk; M. ,q;F tpN\rk; vdf; fUjg;gLgit?  epj;jpa fphpia> fhkpa fphpia> iekpj;jpa fphpia jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 48 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 8. “ Nghjk; %d;Wk; eyQ; nra;Ak; ehL Gtdk; %d;W tyQ; nra;Ak; ehL... " m. ,q;F Nghjk; %d;W vdg;gLgit vit?  gpwg;G> tho;T> ,wg;G M. ,t;tbfspy; Gtdk; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  cyfk;  Nky; cyfk; (thDyfk;).  eL cyfk; (©Nyhfk;).  fPo; cyfk; (ghjhsk;) lk 9. “ ehj %d;WUthd Fw;why ehjh; Mhpa ehL vq;fs; ehNl.. " m. ,t;tbapy; ehj %d;WU vdg;gLNthh;? u.  tp\;Z> gpuk;kh> rptd; M. ,q;F ehj %d;WUthdth; ahh;? ed  Fw;why ehjh; 10. “ ePq;ff; fhz;gJ Nrh;e;jth; ghtk; neUq;ff; fhz;gJ fd;dypd; nre;ney;... " m. ,q;F ePq;ff; fhz;gJ vJ?.lk  Nrh;e;jth; ghtk; M. fd;dy; vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  fUk;G w 11. jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rp vDk; ,yf;fpaj;jpd; Mrphpah; ahh;?  jphp$luhrg;g ftpuhah; w 12. FwtQ;rp vd;gJ vt;tifahd ,yf;fpa tbtj;ij Nrh;e;jJ?  gpuge;jk; rpw;wpyf;fpak; w 13. jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapd; jiytd;> jiytp ahth;? jiytd; - jpUf;Fw;why ehjh; jiytp - tre;jty;yp 14. FwtQ;rp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  Fwj;jpg; ngz; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 49 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  02. fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs; 01. jpUf;Fw;why kiy tsk; gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;Ff.? jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapy; jpUf;Fw;why kiy tsk; moFw rpj;jhpf;fg;gl;Ls;sikia fhzyhk;. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>  ,dpa RitAs;s khq;fdpfis nfhz;Ls;s ,dpikahd khkuq;fis nfhz;;l kiy. NkYk; Fuq;Ffs; jk; JizfSf;F mt; khq;fdpfis nfhLj;J gpd; mtw;iw nfhQ;rp tpisahLk; kiyahf tpsq;FtJ. ,jid gpd;tUk; ghlybfs; %yk; fhzyhk;.. lk  Njth;fSk; te;J ciwtjw;F tpUk;Gk; kiy.  thdj;jpy; cyhtpj; jphpfpd;w rpj;jh; $l;lj;jpdh; mbf;fb te;J fharpj;jp %ypif tpistpf;fpd;w kiy. u..  caukhd kiyfspypUe;J Njd; fye;j mUtpfs; thdpd; top Nky; vOk;gp topfpd;w kiyahf tpsq;FtJ..  Koq;Ffpd;w mUtpfs;/ ePh;tPo;r;rpahdJ Kj;Jf;fis nrhhpfpd;w> ms;spr;nry;Yfpd;w kiy. ed  thDyfk; tiu kzk; tPRk; nrk;gf kyh;fs; kyh;fpd;w kiy...  ngz;fs; kzypy; rpWtPLfis fl;b tpisahLfpd;wJk; mt; kzy; tPLfis ePh;mUtpfs; mbj;Jf; nfhz;L nry;Yfpd;w.lk ePh;tsk; kpf;f kiyahfTk; tpsq;FtJ..  ahidapd; je;jk; nfhz;L jpizapid ,bj;J cz;Zfpd;w kiyahf tpsq;FtJ... w  ePh;tPo;r;rp> fpoq;F> jpid> khk;gok;> Njd; vDk; gytifahd rpwg;Gf;fs; epiwe;Js;s kiyahfTk; tpsq;FtJ.  jpUf;Fw;whyehjh; vDk; ,iwtd; tPw;wpUf;fpd;w kiy. w ,t;thW tise;j ,sk;gpiwr; re;jpuid jdJ rlhKbapy; jhpj;Js;s jpUf;Fw;why ehjh; tPw;wpUf;fpd;w jpUf;Fw;why kiyapd; rpwg;Gf;fis Kjy; ,uz;L ghly;fs; thapyhf ehk; w ,q;F njhFj;J Nehf;fyhk;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 50 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 02. jpUf;Fw;why ehl;Ltsk; gw;wp njspTWj;Jf? jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapy; Fw;why ehl;L tskhdJ %d;W ghly;fs; thapyhf moFw ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. mjid gpd;tUkhW Nehf;fyhk;>  vUikfs; $l;lk; $l;lkhf ePuhLfpd;w ePh;j;Jiwfs; epiwe;j ehL. mj;Jld; ePh;epiyfspy; vUikfs; nrhhpfpd;w ghiy thiy kPd;fs; mUe;Jfpd;w rpwg;igAk; nfhz;l ehlhf tpsq;Ffpd;wJ..  $iog;gyh kuq;fs;> thiofs;> jhiofs; vd;gd tpisag; ngw;W nropg;Gw;W tpsq;Fk; ehL  khje;jtwhj %d;W kio> Nghfk; jtwhj tpisr;ry;> %d;W lk Ntjq;fis mbg;gilahf nfhz;l FWk; gyhf;fs;> %tif topghLfs;> gpwg;G> ,wg;G> tho;T vDk; %d;W epiyfspYk; ed;ik cz;lhjy; vd gytif rpwg;Gf;fis nfhz;bUf;Fk; u. ehlhFk.; ,jid gpd;tUk; ghlybfs; njspTWj;Jfpd;wd.. khjk; %d;W kioAs;s ehL tUlk; %d;W tpisTs;s ehL... ed Ntjk; %d;Wk; gyhTs;s ehL tpNrrk; %d;W FyhTs;s ehL...  NkYk>; %d;W cyfq;fspy; tho;gth;fSk; tUifje;J topghL.lk nra;fpd;w ehlhf tpsq;FtJ..  ehj %d;W cUthf mud;> mad;> mhp vDk; jphp%h;j;jpfspd; Xh; cUthfpa rptngUkhd; Fw;whyehjh; vDk; ngahpy; tPw;wpUf;Fk; w ehL..  te;J Nrh;gth;fspd; ghtq;fs; midj;Jk; ePq;fg;ngWk; ehlhf w tpsq;FtJ.  NkYk; fUk;Gk;> nre;ney;Yk; neUf;fKwf; fhzg;gLjy;>. khk;gof;nfhj;Jf;fs; J}q;ff; fhzg;gly;> tPLfspy; japh; filAk; kj;Jf;fs; RoYk; rpwg;G> nfhy;iyg;Gwq;fspy; Ky;iy mUk;Gfs; w ntbj;jy;> vg;NghJk; kq;fy Nghpif xypfs; ntspg;gLfpd;w ehlfTk; tpsq;Ffpd;wJ.  mofpa ngz;fs; (nkd;ikahd gUj;j jdq;fis nfhz;lth;fs;); thOfpd;w rpwg;G kpFe;j ehlhfTk; tpsq;FtJ. ,t;thW jpUf;Fw;why kiyapd; ehl;Lr; tsk; moFw ,g;gFjpapy; %d;W ghly;fs; thapyhf ntspg;gLk; jd;ikapid ehk; mwpe;J nfhs;syhk;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 51 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 03. jpUf;Fw;why ehjh; ngUikfs; ntspgg ; Lk; jd;ikapid njspTWj;Jf?  tise;j ,sk;gpiwr;re;jpuid jdJ rlhKbapy; mzpe;jpUf;fpd;w mofpa jpUNkdp nfhz;lth;..  mUl;nfhil toq;Fk; nfhilj;jd;ikAila ,iwtdhf FWk;gyh kuj;jpdbapy; Nfhtpy; nfhz;bUg;gth;.  mofpa jpUf;Fw;why kiyapy; tPw;wpUg;gth;  mad;> mhp> mad; Mfpa Kk;%h;j;jpfspd; cUthf Fw;whyehjh; vDk; ehkk; nfhz;L tPw;wpUg;gth;.  gytifahd rpwg;Gf;fis jd;dfj;Nj nfhz;l Fw;why lk ehl;by; ciwe;jpUg;gth;.  %d;W cyfj;jth;fSk; te;J topgLk; Fw;why kiy ,iwtd; u. 04. Mrphpahpd; ftpr;rpwg;Gf;fs;/ nkhopeilr; rpwg;Gf;fs; ahit?  Xir eakpf;f re;jr;Ritapid gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy; ed  vspikahd ,yFthd nrhw;fis gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;  ,irAld; ghlj;jf;f tifapy; ghly;fs; mike;jpUj;jy;  cah;T etpw;rpazpia mjpfkhf ghly;fspy;.lk gad;gLj;jpapUj;jy;  Fw;why kiyapd; ,aw;if tsj;Jld; gf;jpr; RitapidAk; ,izj;jpUj;jy;  ,iwtDila ngUikfs; ghly;fspy; w ntspg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sik.  Fw;why ehjhpd; kiy tsk;> ehl;L tsk; vd;gtw;iw w ntspg;gLj;jpapUj;jy; 05. ,g; ghlg;gFjpapy; Gyg;gLk; tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs; gw;wp vLj;Jiuf;f? w ,g; ghly; gFjpapy; tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs; gw;wp Nehf;fpLk; NghJ> nghJthfNt tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs; vDk; NghJ xU r%fj;jpd; tho;tplk;> czT> Mil> tpisahl;L> topghL> njhopy; Kjypa gy mk;rq;fis Fwpgg; plyhk;. ,t;thW ,g; ghlypd; Clhf gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fis Nehf;Fk; NghJ>  Fw;why kiyapy; thOfpd;w Fwth;fs;> fhl;by; thOk; Ntlh;fs; vd mth;fsJ tho;tplk; fhl;lg;gLjy; jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 52 ,uh.ep\he;jd;   fpoq;F> jpiz> goq;fs; vd mth;fsJ czT Kiw Fwpgg; plg;gl;bUj;jy;  ngz;fs; rpw;wpy; mjhtJ kzy; tPL fl;b tpisahLjy; vDk; tifapy; tpisahl;L Kiw fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ  Fw;whyehjiu topghbaw;Wjy; vd;gjd; Clhf kf;fsJ topghl;L Kiw Rl;lg;gLfpd;wJ.  ney; tpistpj;jy;> japh; filjy;> Ntl;ilahLjy;> vd mth;fsJ njhopy; Kiwfs; Ngrg;gLfpd;wd.  eldk; Ghpjy; vd;gjd; Clhf fiy czh;T lk ntspg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ. ,t;thW kf;fsJ tho;tpay; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fs; u. Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wd. jkpo; nkhopAk; ,yf;fpaKk;. ed jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G ,uz;lhk; jtizia mbg;gilahf nfhz;l. khjphp tpdhj;jhs; (gFjp III) juk; 10 Neuk; 2 kzp.lk mwpTWj;jy; Kjyhk; tpdh> ,uz;lhk; tpdhtpw;Fk;> %d;whtJ tpdhtpy; xd;wpidAk;> ehd;fhtJ tpdhtpy; xd;wpidAk;> 5k;> 6k;> 7k; tpdhf;fpspy; w xd;wpid njhpT nra;J vy;yhkhf [e;J tpdhf;fspw;F kl;Lk; tpil vOJf 01. RUf;fkhd tpil jUf. w 1. Njk;gL gidapd; jpus; goj;njhU tpij.. m. Njk;gL vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ? M. ,t;tbfspd; Mrphpah; ahh;? w 2. mth; jk; typia mq;ft];jpuj;jpy; Mthfdk; gz;zp gf;fj;jpy; itj;Jf; tpl;L ghlk; nrhy;tJ tof;fk;.. m.mq;ft];jpuk; vd;gJ Fwpf;Fk; fUj;J ? M. Mthfdk; vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ? 3. ahj;j NjUUisg; gLNkio jhd; Njh; nrYkhq;F.. m. Nkio vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; fUj;J? M. ,t;tbfs; vj;jiyg;gpd; fPo; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ? jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 53 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 4. Mbf; Filj;jilAk; MLk; NghNj ,iuAk;.. m. ,t;tbfspd; Mrphpah; ahh;? M. ,t;tbfspy; Gyg;gLk; mzp ahJ? 5. fspAk; gpio nghUl;ls;sp ed;D}yhq; flypDz;L.. m. ,t;tbfspy; Gyg;gLk; mzp ahJ? M. ,t;tbfspd; Clhf ahUila rpwg;G fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ? 6. $dypsk; gpiw Kbj;j Ntzpayq;fhuh; Fw;why jphp$l kiynaq;fs; kiyNa m. $dypsk; gpiw vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ? M. Ntzpayq;fhuh; ahh;? lk 7. vkpNuh Nthhp vd;ghs; vj;Jz;b t];jp vd;ghs;.. u. m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; $wg;gl;lJ? M. ,t;tbfs; ,lk;ngWk; rpWfij ahJ? 8. fpk;Ghpapd; nfhk;nghbj;J ntk;G jpiz ,bg;Nghk;.. ed m. fpk;Ghp vd;gJ vjidf; Fwpf;fpd;wJ? M. ,r; nray;fis Gupgtu; ahu;? 9.vd;dk;kh ePq;f Rk;kh Rk;kh $g;gpl;L l;ugps; nfhLf;fpwPq;fs;...lk m. ,f; $w;W ahuhy; ahUf;F $wg;gl;lJ? M. l;ugps; vs;gjhy; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ ahJ? 10. fjpfs; ahTk; jUnkd Xh;j;jplhh; fz;zpy;yhjth; Nghy jpifg;gh; fhz;.. w m. fz;zpy;yhjth; Nghy jpifg;gth; ahh;? M. ,t;tbfspy; ,lk;ngWk; mzp ahJ? 02. gpd;tUk; nra;Al;gFjpfisAk;> ciug;gFjpfisAk; thrpj;J w fPOs;s tpdhf;fspw;F tpil jUf. 1. fzf;fhah; ,y;yhj CUk; gpzf;F mWf;Fk; w %j;Njhiu ,y;yh mitf;fsDk; ghhj;J cz;Zk; jd;ik ,yhsh; may; ,Ug;Gk; ,k; %d;Wk; ed;ik gaj;jy; ,y m. ,g;ghly; ,lk;ngWk; E}y; vJ? mjd; Mrphpah; ahh;? M. xUtDf;F ed;ik gaf;fhjit vit? jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 54 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 2. Gyq;fNshL fuzKk; MtpAk; Nghe;J epd;w tpUg;Gld; khdpld; eyq;fs; VJ tpUk;Gtd; mq;F mit ez;Zwg; ngwy; jpz;zk; jhd; vd ,yq;F E}y; czh; Qhdpah; $Wth; ahDk; kw;W mJ nka; vdj; Njh;e;JNsd; tpyq;F ,aw;if ,y;iy vdpy; ahnkyhk; tpUk;G kl;bdpy; tpz;Zwy; MFNk. m. Qhdpah; $Wk; fUj;J ahJ? M. Kf;jpia ngWtjw;F top ahnjd ghujpahh; $Wfpd;whh;? 3. gq;fg; godj;J cOk; coth; lk gytpd; fdpiag; gwpj;jJ vd;W rq;F ,l;L vwpa Fuq;F ,sePh; jidf; nfhz;L vwpAk; jkpo;ehlh nfhq;fhh;f;F mkuhgjp mspj;j u. NfhNt ,uhr Fyjpyfh ntq;fl; gpiwf;Fk; fUk;G ,iwf;Fk; nkype;J mk;G ,iwf;Fk; tpopNtNy. ed m. ghlypy; Gyg;gLk; %d;W gpiwfSk; vit? M. Nrhokd;ddpd; tPuk; vj;jifaJ? 4. me;j ehl;fspy; ey;Y}h; fe;jRthkp NfhapyhUf;Fk; gpuhkzh;fSf;Fk; ghhpa tof;F ele;jJ. NfhapyhUf;F Vw;ghl;lhsh; gpwpw;Nwh. gpuhkziu Mjhpg;gth; ehtyh; mth;fs;. mth;fSf;F.lk aho;g;ghzj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk; nry;thf;ifg; gpwpw;Nwh mwpthh;. Gpwpw;Nwh ehtyh; mth;fs; jkf;F rhh;ghapUe;jhy; jhk; gpuhkzh;fSf;F ntw;wp fpilf;fj;jf;f tifapy; tof;if elhj;jp itg;ghh; vd;W jkJ me;juq;f ez;gh;fs; %yk; ehtyh; mth;fSf;Fj; njhptpj;J jhNk Nehpy; rpy fbjq;fspy; je;jpfspy; xUthW Fwpg;gpl;Lk; ,Ue;jhh; w NghYk;. ,e;j Neh;ikaw;w nray; ehtyh; mth;fspd; ,Ujaj;jpy; ngU neUg;ig nfhSj;jptpl;lJ. w m. ey;Y}h; NfhapyhUf;F Vw;gl;lhsh; ahh;? gpuhkziu Mjhpg;gth; ahh;? M. gpwpw;Nwhtpd; Neh;ikaw;w nray; xd;iw Rl;bf;fhl;Lf? w 5. ez;gh; 486 fk;gpAl;lh;> 486 fk;gpål;lh; vd;W cr;rhldk; nra;jthNw mjd; tPug;gpujhgq;fisg; gw;wp xU guzp ghbdhh;. vq;fs; Chpy; rptf;nfhOe;J 1008 Ntl;b thq;f tz;by; fl;b nghpa filf;F Nghdijg; Nghy ehDk; vdf;F 486 fk;gpål;lh;fs; fpilf;fg;NghfpwJ vd;W klj;jdkhf xU fzk; fzf;Fg; Nghl;lij vz;zp ntl;fpNdd;. Myj;jp vLf;f epw;gJ Nghy; MtNyhL thrypy; fhj;jpUe;jhs; vd; kidtp Nkfyh. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 55 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  m. guzp vd;gjhy; ePh; tpsq;fpf; nfhs;tJ ahJ? M. ,t; ciug;gFjpapy; Gyg;gLk; ctikj;njhlh;fs; ,uz;bid Fwpgg; pLf? 03. ehtyh; vOe;jhh; fl;Liuapy;> m. thjkfh rig gw;wpa th;zpgG; M. ehtyh; mth;fspd; vOif kw;Wk; eil my;yJ jpUf;Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapy;> lk m. kiy tsk; M. Fw;why ehjh; ngUik 04. ghujpahh; Rarhpijapy;> u. m. xUtd; tpUk;Gk; xd;iw ngWtjw;fhd toptif M. rpWkpapd; tUiff;fhf ghujpahhpd; fhj;jpUg;G ed my;yJ fk;gpål;lh; rpWfijapy;> m. rpWfijapy; ntspg;gLk; eifr;Rit czh;T.lk M. Mrphpahpd; nkhopeil gpd;tUk; 5> 6. 7 Mfpa tpdhf;fspy; xU tpdhtpw;F kl;Lk; tpil jUf. 05. ePjpg;ghly; gFjapy;> w m. mwpTilNahh; nray; gw;wp $wg;gLtd M. kdj; jpUg;jpNahL tho;Nthh; jd;ik w 06. Xh; jl;bNy nghd;Dk;.. jdpg;ghlypy;> m. tWikf; fhy nfhLik w M. rPjf;fhjpapd; nfhilj; jd;ik 07. Fw;whyf; FwtQ;rpapy; ntspg;gLk; gz;ghl;L mk;rq;fis vLj;Jiuf;Ff? jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 56 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  ehl;lhh; ghly;fs; myF - 07  fpuhkg;Gw kf;fspd; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fis vLj;jpak;Gk; ghly;fs; ehl;lhh; ghly;fs; vdg;gLk;.  ,g; ghly;fs; fpuhkpag; ghly;fs;> ehl;Lg;Gw ghly;fs;> ghkug; ghly;fs;> tha;nkhopg; ghly;fs;> ehNlhbg; ghly;fs; vdg; gy ngah;fshy; miof;fg;gLfpd;wd.  fpuhkg; Gw kf;fspd; gpwg;G Kjy; ,wg;G tiuahd jd;ikfis ,g; lk ghly;fs; ntspg;gLj;Jfpd;wd.  ehl;lhh; ghly;fs; czh;r;rp epiwe;jit> ,irAld; ghLtjw;F Vw;wit. u.  jhyhl;Lg; ghly;> kPdth; ghly;> mhpT ntl;Lg; ghly;> fhjy; ghl;L> Vh;g;ghl;L> coTg; ghl;L> tpisahl;Lg; ghl;L> eYq;Fg; ghly;> kUj;Jtpr;rp tho;jJ ; > xg;ghhpg; ghly; vdg; gy tifahd gphpTfis ehl;lhh; ghly;fspy; fhzyhk;. ed  ,g; ghlg;gFjpapy;.....  Vh;;g;ghly;  mhpTntl;Lg; ghly;  kPdth; ghly;  fhjy; ghl;L.lk vDk; ehd;F tpjkhd ehl;lhh; ghly;fis ,q;F Nehf;FNthk;. 01. Vh;g;ghly; w  taypy; Vh;©l;b cOk; NghJ ghlg;gLk; ghly; ,JthFk;.  gl;b nghUf NtZk; jk;gpuhNd.. vdj; njhlq;Fk; ,e; ehl;lhh; ghlypy;> w khLfspd; ngUf;fk;> kio nga;J ehL nropf;f Ntz;Lk;> coTj; njhopy; Nkd;ikaila Ntz;Lk;> cyfj;jpy; kf;fs; ,dpJ tho Ntz;Lk; vDk; gue;j kdg;ghq;F vLj;Jiuf;fgl;Ls;sij fhzKbfpd;wJ. w FWtpdhf;fs; 1. “ gl;b ngUf NtZk; jk;gpuhNd ghw;ghid nghq;fNtz;Lk;... m. ,q;F jk;gpuhd; vdg;gLk; flTs; ahh;?  rptngUkhd; M. ,g; ghly; vj; jiyg;gpy; ,lk;ngw;Ws;sJ?  Vh;g;ghl;L jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 57 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 2. “ Nkop ngUf NtZk; jk;gpuhNd NkjpdpNahh; tho Ntz;Lk;... m. Nkop vd;gJ czh;j;Jk; nghUs; ahJ?  fyg;ig> nry;tk; M. Nkjpdp vd;gjd; nghUs; ahJ?  cyfk; 3. m. gl;b ngUjy; vDk; njhlhpd; tpsf;fk; ahJ?  gl;bapy; khLfspd; vz;zpf;if ngUFjy; M. Nkop ngUFjy; vd;gjd; fUj;J ahJ?  nry;yk; ngUFjy; lk fl;likg;G tpdhf;fs; u. 1.. ,g; ghlypy;> fpuhkj;jth; kPjhd gue;j kdg;ghq;F vt;thW ntspg;gLfpd;wJ? rptngUkhdplk; Ntz;lg;gLgit ahit? ,e; ehl;lhh; ghlypy; Clhf> Fwpj;j xU fpuhkk; kPJk; mf; fpuhkj;jpy; tho;fpd;wth; eydpy; nfhz;Ls;s eyDk; moFw ed vLj;Jiuf;fg;gl;Ls;sd. mt;tifapy; rptngUkhdplk; Ntz;bf; nfhs;tjd; Clh mj;jF gue;j kdepiy Gyg;gLfpd;wJ. mtw;iw Nehf;Fk; NghJ>  gl;bapy; khLfspd; vz;zpf;if ngUf Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;.lk  ghw;ghid mjpfstpy; nghq;Ftjw;Fk; ney;Yk;> ghYk; epiwe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;  nry;tk; vq;Fk; ngUf Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;  cyfpy; cs;sth;fs; ed;whf tho Ntz;Lk; vd Ntz;Ljy;  ehL ed;whf nropj;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk; w  kio ehl;by; ed;whf nga;a Ntz;Lk;  coTj; njhopy; rpwg;Gw Ntz;Lk; vd;gtw;wpd; Clhf gue;Jgl;l kdg;ghq;F ntspg;gl;L epwg ; ijf; w fz;Zwyhk;. 02. ghw;ghid nghq;f Ntz;Lk;.. kw;Wk; Nkop ngUf Ntz;Lk; vDk; njhlh;fspy; ntspg;gLk; rpwg;G ahJ? w ,e; ehl;lhh; ghlypy; ghw;ghid nghq;f Ntz;Lk; kw;Wk; Nkop ngUf Ntz;Lk; vDk; njhlh;fis fUj;J}d;wp nghUs; fhZk; NghJ> khLfsplk; ,Ue;J epiwthd ghy; fpilf;fg;ngw;W> taypy; tpisAk; new;fjph;fis mhprpahf;fp mtw;iwf; nfhz;L epiwthf ghy; tpl;L nghq;fy; nghq;f Ntz;Lk; vd ,q;F Ntz;lg;gLfpd;wJ. NkYk; Nkop vd;gJ fyg;ig vdTk; nry;tk; vdTk; ,U nghUisf; Fwpj;J epw;fpd;wJ. Mf fyg;igapd; thapyhf taypy; ey;y tpisr;ry; fpilj;J mjd; %yk; nry;tk; ngUfpl Ntz;Lk; vd ,jid ehk; fz;L nfhs;syhk;. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 58 ,uh.ep\he;jd; 03. ,g;ghlypy; ntspgg; Lj;jg;gLk; kf;fsppd; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; vit? ,e; ehl;lhh; ghlypy; Clhf gy;NtW tho;tpay; mk;rq;fs; Gyg;gLfpd;wd.  coTj; njhopiy Mjhukhf nfhz;l tho;tpay; fhzg;gLfpd;wJ  khLfs; tsh;j;J mjd; %yk; gad; ngWjy;> njhopiy Nkw;nfhs;Sjy;  nghq;fy; nghq;Fjy; vDk; gz;ghl;L mk;rk; Gyg;gLfpd;wJ  vy;NyhUk; tho Ntz;Lk; vDk; nghJeyg; gz;G fhzg;gLfpd;wJ.  ,iwtid mjhtJ rptngUkhis topghbaw;Wk; kuG fhl;lg;gLfpd;wJ. ,itaidj;Jk; ,g;ghlypy; Gyg;gLk; tho;tpay; mk;rq;fshFk;. lk 02. mhptp ntl;Lk; ghly; u.  taypy; ney;ypid ntl;bnaLf;Fk; NghJ ghlg;gLk; ghly; ,JthFk;  Mw;NwhL Mw;W ePh; miye;J tUkhg;Nghy;.. vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghly; vkf;FhppajhFk; ed Mz;fSk;> ngz;fSk; Nrhh;tpd;wp RWRWg;gghf mhptp ntl;Ltjw;fhf ,g; ghliyg; ghLthh;fs;  fhty; nja;tk; [adhiuf; Fwpj;J ,g;ghly; ,lk; ngw;Ws;sJ.  mhpT ntal;Lk; thypgh;fSf;F vt;tpj Fw;wKk; tuf;$lhJ vd [adhhplk;.lk Ntz;l; g;gLfpd;wJ. tpdhf;fs; 01.. ,g; ghlypy;> mhpT ntl;Lgth;fis RWRWg;ghf;f w ifahsg;gl;Ls;s ctikfis vLj;Jf;fhl;Lf? Mw;NwhL Mw;W ePh; mire;J tUjy; w Mw;W ePNuhL gwitapdk; njhlh;e;J tUjy; Nrw;nwhL nts;sk; njspeJ; tUjy; nrq;fhy; ehiuapdk; Nka;e;J tUjy; w 2. fz;Z}W> eh¥W vd;gtw;wpd; nghUspid njspTWj;Jf? fz;Z}W – xUthpd; kPJ gyuJ fz;ghh;it gLtjhy; fz;fshy; Vw;gLk; Fw;wk; eh¥W - xUtiug; gw;wp gyh; fijg;gjhy; ehtpd; %yk; Vw;gLk; Fw;wk; 03. kPdth; ghly;  flypy; kPd; gpbf;Fk; NghJ mYg;G ePq;fp cw;rhfj;ij ngWk; nghUl;L ,g; ghly; ghlg;gLfpd;wJ. jkpo; ,yf;fpaj; njhFg;G 59 ,uh.ep\he;jd;  thdKl;l VNyNyh epw;fpwhNd [yrh.. vdj; njhlq;Fk; ghly; vkf;Fhpa ghlyhFk;  flw;fiuapy; thOk; kf;fs; ,ay;ghfNt fliy ek;gp tho;f;if elhj;Jgth;fs;.  ,g; ghlypy; VNyNyh> [yrh vDk; xypf; Fwpg;Gr; nrhw;fis mjpfstpy; kPdth; ghlypy; gad;gLj;Jfpd;wdh;. 01.. ,g; ghlypy; kPdth; gLk; Jd;gk; gw;wp ahJ $wg;gLfpdw ; J? cr;rp nta;apypy; cly; cUf flypy; kPd; gpbj;jy; fliy ek;gp mth;fs; tho;f;if tpsq;Fjy; lk 02. gy f\;uj;jpd; kj;jpapYk; ehd; cd; epidTlNd ,Uf;fpd;Nwd; vDk; jd;ik vt;thW Gyg;gLj;jg;gLfpd;wJ.? u. kz;id ek;gp kuk; ,Uf;fpwJ kuj;ij ek;gp fpisapUf;fpwJ fpisia ek;gp ©tpUf;fpwJ ©it ek;gp gpQ;R ,Uf;fpwJ ed gpQ;ir ek;gpg; gok; ,Uf;fpwJ vdf; $wp ,ijg; NghyNt ehDk; cd;id ek;gp ,Uf;fpNwd;. ,it xd;Wld; xd;W jq;fpapUg;gijg; Nghy ehDk; cd;id ek;gp ehdpUf;fpNwd; vd; $wpfpd;whd;. 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