G10 Bio L2.1+2.3 PPT (1) PDF

Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter 2.3 Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter Think about it (p.45) THINK ABOUT IT🡪 p. 45 In the early 1800, many chemists called the compound created by organisms ‘org...

Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter 2.3 Carbon Compounds Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter Think about it (p.45) THINK ABOUT IT🡪 p. 45 In the early 1800, many chemists called the compound created by organisms ‘organic’ believing they were fundamentally different from compounds in nonliving things. Today we understand that the principles governing the chemistry of living and nonliving things are the same, but the term ‘organic chemistry’ is still around. Today organic chemistry means the study of compounds that contain bonds between carbon atoms, while inorganic chemistry is the study of all other compounds. Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the unique qualities of carbon. The Chemistry of Carbon – p. 45 Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the unique qualities of carbon. The Chemistry of Carbon – READ p. 45 DOUBLE SINGLE TRIPLE BOND BOND BOND Chain Ring Branching chain Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the unique qualities of carbon. NOTES: The Chemistry of Carbon ∙ Organic Chemistry –study of carbon and all its features ∙ 4 valence electrons o allows it to bond with so many important elements forming many possible compounds o can form single, double, triple covalent bonds o carbon can bond to carbon to form infinite structures – straight or branched chains and rings (rings and chains can also have carbon that can branch out into other compounds) ∙ Carbon compounds can vary in size and become huge molecules. Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Macromolecules macromolecules. TYPES OF MACROMOLECULES Macromolecules are organic substances made up of primarily of carbon (C) Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acids Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Macromolecules macromolecules. NAME OF M.M CARBOHYDRATES Carbohydrates: Sugars and starches Examples: Potatoes Breads and Grains Pastas and Sugars Fruits and Vegetables Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Macromolecule Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules. FUNCTION OF M.M CARBOHYDRATES Short term – quick energy Structural support in plants Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Macromolecule Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules. STRUCTURE OF M.M CARBOHYDRATES Branched structure Composed of Carbon, Oxygen, and Hydrogen Made up of monomers called- monosaccharide's (sugars) Fructose, Glucose, Galactose Polymer Monomer Polysaccharide/ Monosaccharide Carbohydrate Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules. Notes: M.M - Carbohydrates Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Lipids macromolecules. NAME OF M.M LIPIDS Lipids: Greasy or oily substances that cannot be dissolved by water (nonpolar) Examples: Oils Butter Nuts Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Lipids macromolecules. FUNCTION OF M.M store energy, biological membrane, chemical messages (steroids) waterproof covering Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Lipids macromolecules. STRUCTURE OF M.M LIPIDS Hydrophilic Head Linear Structure Composed of Carbon and Hydrogen Monomer Structure (gylceride) ▪Hydrophilic Head = Glycerol ▪Hydrophobic Tail = Fatty Acids Saturated vs. Unsaturated Tails ▪ Saturated : C-C single bond straight ▪ Unsaturated : C=C double bond bent Hydrophobic Tail Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules. Notes: M.M - Lipids Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Macromolecule macromolecules. STRUCTURE OF M.M Nucleic acids are polymers made of monomers called nucleotide monomers. Nitrogenous base Phosphate group 5-carbon sugar Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Nucleic Acid macromolecules. FUNCTION OF M.M store/transmit genetic information (DNA RNA) Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Macromolecule macromolecules. STRUCTURE OF M.M Nucleic acids are polymers made of monomers called nucleotide monomers. Nitrogenous base Phosphate group 5-carbon sugar Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules. Notes: M.M – Nucleic Acid Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Proteins macromolecules. NAME OF M.M PROTEINS Substances composed of amino acids that are essential for living Examples: Meats, soy animal products (egg & dairy) Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Proteins macromolecules. FUNCTION OF M.M control cellular reactions, regulate cell processes, structural support, and fight diseases Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: STRUCTURE OF Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of M.M Proteins macromolecules. Proteins are polymers made of monomers called amino acid. 20+ types of amino acids in nature Amino group (-NH2) Carboxyl group (-COOH) Peptide bond Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of Protein Structure macromolecules. A protein is a functional molecule built from one or more polypeptides. Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter L2.3 Lesson Objectives: Describe the structures and functions of each of the four groups of macromolecules. Notes: M.M – Protein Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter Assess Your Understanding p. 49 Lesson Overview The Nature of Matter Final Recap