full-lecture-160-204.pdf

165 Chapter 4: File Management Operating Systems and System So ware  166 Overview In this chapter, we will take about file management! 1. File...

165 Chapter 4: File Management Operating Systems and System So ware  166 Overview In this chapter, we will take about file management! 1. File abstraction 2. Directory abstraction 3. File systems 4. Caching We will not talk about the hardware management of storage devices here. We’ll see that in the next chapter about IOs and devices. Operating Systems and System So ware  167 Volatile vs. Non-Volatile Memory Volatile memory requires power to maintain the stored information. If power is lost, the stored data is also lost. Examples: RAM, CPU caches, etc. Non-volatile memory retains stored information even without power. Examples: hard drives (HDD), solid state drives (SSD), etc. There are some general rules of thumb: Volatile is faster than non-volatile The faster the memory, the more expensive per byte CPU 1 ns registers CPU Caches