Nutrients & Health Supplements PDF

1. Cardiovascular system Spirulina Spirulina is an organism that grows in both fresh and salt water. It is a type of cyanobacteria, which is a family of single-celled microbes that are often referred to as blue-green algae.Just like plants, cyanobacteria can produce energy from sunlight via photosyn...

1. Cardiovascular system Spirulina Spirulina is an organism that grows in both fresh and salt water. It is a type of cyanobacteria, which is a family of single-celled microbes that are often referred to as blue-green algae.Just like plants, cyanobacteria can produce energy from sunlight via photosynthesis. Research has found that the protein in spirulina can reduce the body's absorption of cholesterol, lowering cholesterol levels. This helps keep your arteries clear, reducing strain on your heart that can lead to heart disease and stroke-causing blood clots Composition: contains 65% protein, all the essential amino acids and is packed with antioxidants, vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients. Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 1 Spirulina Indications/Uses: -Decrease LDL and triglyceride -Decreased blood pressure. -Spirulina helps in increasing the production of hemoglobin in the blood and prevent anemia. -Antiplatelets effect -Spirulina increases the body's immunity Contraindications: Because spirulina is thought to stimulate the Immune system, it should be avoided in people with Autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis Spirulina Dose: doses of up to 3,000 milligrams (mg) per day were safe and well tolerated for up to 12 months with no notable side effects. Dosage forms: Spirulina is often sold in powder form but is also available in capsules, tablets, and liquids. The powder can be added to smoothies. Side effects: The potential side effects include headaches, muscle pain, sweating, and insomnia. Some people can be allergic to spirulina and may experience an allergic reaction. Olive Leaf Extract The antioxidants in olive leaf extract are mainly polyphenols. Indications/Uses: Research shows that olive leaf extract helps prevent LDL(bad) cholesterol from - building up in your arteries. -This effect helps increase blood flow and lower blood pressure, reducing your risk of heart disease. -Effectiveness in helping restore a normal heartbeat inthose with arrhythmia Dosage/Direction for Use: There are no official dosing recommendation, but studies indicate its healthboostig effects occur when taking 500 to 1,000 milligrams daily. Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 4 MORINGA Moringa is a plant native to India and other countries. It contains proteins, vitamins, and minerals, making it useful to fight malnutrition. Moringa is an important food source in some parts of the world. It can be grown cheaply and easily, and retains much of its nutritional value when dried. As an antioxidant, it seems to help protect cells from damage. Moringa might also help decrease inflammation and reduce pain. 5 Garlic Garlic is a plant in the onion family that’s grown for its distinctive taste and health benefits. It contains sulfur compounds, which are believed to bring some of the health benefits. Some studies have shown that garlic and garlic supplements may have positive effects on heart health by preventing cell damage, regulating cholesterol and lowering blood pressure. Other research shows that garlic supplements may also reduce plaque build up in the arteries. High doses of garlic appear to improve blood pressure for those with known high blood pressure (hypertension). Garlic products are safe. But garlic might cause skin damage that is similar to a burn. Garlic has most often been used by adults in doses of 2400 mg by mouth daily for 12 months. 6 Salmon oil (sundown) Components: It contains two important omega-3 fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Dosing: Fish oil supplements have most often been used by adults in doses of up to 6 grams daily by mouth for up to 12 weeks. Fish oil products typically provide 180-465 mg of EPA and 120-375 mg of DHA per capsule. Uses: Studies show that the omega-3s in salmon oil help lower triglyceride levels. High levels of triglycerides, a type of fat in the blood, are a risk factor for heart disease and stroke. Salmon oil also increases “ good ” (HDL) cholesterol levels. Contraindications: Bipolar disorder, Liver disease, Diabetes, Conditions in which the immune system response is lowered (including HIV/AIDS). side effects: Heartburn, loose stools, and nosebleeds. Taking fish oil supplements with meals or freezing them can reduce these issues. Omega-3 Omega-3 fatty acids are a type of unsaturated fatty acid that may reduce inflammation throughout the body. Inflammation in the body can damage your blood vessels and lead to heart disease and strokes. Eating at least two servings a week of fish, particularly fish that's rich in omega-3 fatty acids, appears to reduce the risk of heart disease, particularly sudden cardiac death. Indications and uses Decreasing triglycerides Lowering blood pressure slightly Reducing blood clotting Decreasing your risk of strokes and heart failure risk Reducing irregular heartbeats Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 8 CoQ10 (CoQ-10 or Ubiquinone) is a naturally occurring quinone that is found in most aerobic organisms from bacteria to mammals. It was first identified in 1940, and isolated from the mitochondria of the beef heart, in 1957. Coenzyme Q10 is also known as Coenzyme Q, CoQ, CoQ10, Ubiquinone, Ubiquinone-Q10, Ubidecarenone, or Vitamin Q10. How it works CoQ10 plays a few critical roles in the body. For example, the body's cells need this compound to produce the energy that allows them to function. As an antioxidant, CoQ10 also protects the cells in the body by neutralizing free radicals, which reduces oxidative stress Uses Of CoQ10 1- may reduce heart disease risk factors 2- lowering LDL 3- reducing risk for repeat heart attacks 4- improving outcomes in patients with heart failure to lowering blood pressure and helping combat side effects of cholesterol-lowering statins. Side effects Coenzyme Q-10 is LIKELY SAFE for most adults when taken by mouth or when applied directly to the gums. but, it can cause some mild side effects while most people tolerate coenzyme Q-10 well Dose The typical dosage recommendation for CoQ10 is 60–300 mg per day. Milk Thistle What is Milk Thistle? Is a flowering herb related to the daisy and ragweed family. It is native to Mediterranean countries. Some people also call holy thistle. Silymarin is the primary active ingredient of the herb and it’s an antioxidant compound. People have traditionally used milk thistle for problems with the liver and gallbladder. What Is Milk Thistle Used For? Cirrhosis And Hepatitis Lowering Cholesterol Levels Decrease Blood Sugar Levels Raparil Chemical composition: Aescin (Is a saponin glycoside derived from the seeds of horse chestnut Aesculus Hippocastanum. Indications of reparil tab : ▪ Post-operative edema ▪ Chronic venous insufficiency ▪ Hemorrhoids Side-effect : Acute renal failure, Dizziness, Headache, Itching, Gastrointestinal problems, Acute anaphylactic reactions Interactions with Reparil Tablet: Aspirin ,Clopidogrel ,Glimepiride ,Glyburide ,Lithium Pregnancy and lactation : Should not be taken during pregnancy and lactation. Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 12 Diovenor Diosmin (Flavonoid) Indications/Uses: -Varicose Vein -Hemorrhoids Dosage/Direction for Use: -600mg of Diosmin Usual Dose: 2 tablets daily in 2 divided doses, mid-day and evening at meal times. Acute Hemorrhoidal Attack: 6 tablets daily for the first 4 days, then 4 tablets daily for 3 days. Contraindications: Allergy to any of the components of this medicine, using for more than three months. Side Effects: 1-Headache. 4-Skin rash. 2-Diarrhea. 5-Cramps in the lower extremities. 3-Collywobbles. 6-Neuropathy (feeling of restlessness). Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 13 Digoxin Mechanism of action: it inhibits sodium-potassium ATPase, an enzyme that regulates the quantity of sodium and potassium inside cells. Inhibition of the enzyme leads to an increase in the intracellular concentration of sodium and thus (by stimulation of sodium-calcium exchange) an increase in the intracellular concentration of calcium results in positive inotropic effect. Contraindications: patients with hypersensitivity to the active substance, patients with a history of mental depression, epilepsy and active peptic ulcers or ulcerative colitis. Trade names of digoxin: 1. Digoxin Injection®, Digoxin Tabs® (62.5mcg, 250mcg). 2. Lanoxin® injection, Lanoxin® elixir, Lanoxin® tabs (62.5mcg, 0.125mg, 0.25mg). DOSE: It is given as a once-daily dosage in the range 62.5–250 Mcg. SIDE EFFECTS: Due to its cumulative effect, the glycosides can easily give rise to toxic symptoms, such as nausea, vomiting and anorexia, especially in the elderly, thus blood levels should be monitored. Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 14 Daflon® Daflon® is a micronized purified flavonoid fraction made up of 90% diosmin and 10% other flavonoids expressed as hesperidin. Diosmin (diosmetin 7-O-rutinoside), a diosmetin flavone glycoside, is extracted from citrus fruit peels. Hesperidin is a flavanone glycoside found in citrus fruits. Daflon ® Tablet is used to treat hemorrhoids, varicose veins, and lymphedema, both acute or chronic. It increases blood supply and restores vein function. Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 15 Aspirin® A heart attack occurs when the flow of blood to the heart is blocked. Aspirin® is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication (NSAID) that is used to treat mild aches and pains as well as fevers. It is also used as an antiinflammatory and a blood thinner by some people.​ Acetylsalicylate, a compound derived from plants like the willow tree (Salix Alba l. tree), is contained in aspirin.​ In people who are at high risk of cardiovascular problems, such as a heart attack or stroke, aspirin can be beneficial. Immediately after a heart attack, doctors can prescribe aspirin to avoid more clots and heart tissue death.​ Contraindication: allergy to aspirin, kidney diseases, liver diseases, ulcers or stomach problems, asthma and children. Dr. Nour Aboalhaija Al-Zaytoonah University 16 2. Central nervous system From our Market: ❑ Ginkgo biloba Ginkgo biloba, also known as maidenhair tree, is an ancient plant extract that has been used in China to heal various health ailments for thousands of years. It is considered as the most commonly ingested herb for brain health. Ginkgo Biloba extracts have been suggested to have a multitude of beneficial effects on CNS function, such as: improving blood flow to the brain in cerebral insufficiency, improving cognitive functions (thinking and memory) Ginkgolide B, is one of the major constituents of Ginkgo biloba, has neuroprotective effects in the CNS. It decrease vascular resistance, and improve circulatory flow without appreciably affecting blood pressure. Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 17 ❖ From our market: Description: GINCATA is the trade name of a natural memory enhancer dietary supplement that was developed from the dry leaf extract of Ginkgo biloba (Family: Ginkgoaceae), which is a big tree with abundant branches growing all over the world especially in China. Each GINCATA 120 tablet contains 120mg Ginkgo biloba dry leaf extract. Each GINCATA 40 tablet contains 40mg Ginkgo biloba dry leaf extract. Composition: Ginkgo biloba Dosage Form: Tablets Use: Blood flow enhancer, thus memory enhancer Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 18 ❑ Ginkgo biloba Contraindications: Pregnant women, patients with epilepsy, bleeding disorders, presurgery, patients who takes anticoagulant drugs. Trade Names: 1. Gincata: 2. Gincosan: Ginkgo + Ginseng Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 19 ❑Valerian Valerian (Valeriana Officinalis) is a flowering plant, the root of which is dried and used as an herbal remedy. Valerian has been used in alternative medicine as a possibly effective aid in treating sleep problems (insomnia), and can be applied for the treatment of certain other CNS disorders such as: anxiety, stress, depression and attention deficit disorder. Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 20 ❑Valerian Trade Names: 1. Songha® Night (Valeriana 120mg + Melissa80mg) 2. Cirkulin® (Valerian40mg & Hop160mg) 3. Joswe Valerian® (150mg, 300mg and 500mg) 4. Nervikan® (500mg tabs) Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 21 ❑Valerian Trade Names: 1. Songha® Night (Valeriana 120mg + Melissa80mg) Composition : Each coated tablets contains 1- Dry extract of valerian root 120mg 2- Dry extract of Melissa leaves 80mg : Uses With the synergistic combination of extracts of Valerian (Valeriana officinalis) and Lemon Balm (Melissa officinalis), Songha Night® is a regarded as mild sedatives, sleeping aid that restores sleeping patterns naturally. It helps to improve sleep quality and promotes relaxation. Trade Names: Songha® Night (Valeriana 120mg + Melissa80mg) Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 22 ❑Valerian Trade Names: 1. Songha® Night (Valeriana 120mg + Melissa80mg) Mechanism of action: Neurotransmitters in the central nervous system are responsible for regulating the sleep cycle. The neurotransmitters known as GABA, dopamine and serotonin are ‘relaxers’ while glutamate, glycine and norepinephrine are ‘exciters’. If there is an imbalance in this system then chances are your body's not going to be able to calm down enough to fall asleep quickly or stay asleep all night. Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 23 ❑Valerian Trade Names: 1. Songha® Night (Valeriana 120mg + Melissa80mg) Dosages and Administration: Adults ages 18 years and over swallow a single dose of 2-3 coated tablets between half and one hour before going to bed. Contraindication: Songha ® night should not be used if you are known to be hypersensitive to one of it’s constituents. Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 24 ❑ Ashwagandha Root of Withania somnifera , known commonly as “ Indian ginseng” Is among a group of herbs called ‘adaptogens ‘ (adaptogens affect systems and hormones in the body that regulate a person’s stress response.) Use: It can reduce anxiety and stress, help fight depression, boost brain function. and effective way to improve your health and quality of life. The participants who took ashwagandha showed less of the stress hormone cortisol. They also experienced improved sleep quality. Pregnancy and Lactation: It is LIKELY UNSAFE Special precautions: -Thyroid disorders: Ashwagandha might increase thyroid hormone levels. - Auto-immune diseases: Ashwagandha might cause the immune system to become more active, and this could increase the symptoms of auto-immune diseases , it's best to avoid using ashwagandha. Side effects: Large doses of ashwagandha might cause stomach upset, diarrhea, and vomiting. Rarely, liver problems might occur Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 25 ❑St. John’s Wort Hypericum perforatum, also known as St. John's wort, is a plant with a long history of medicinal uses. The central use of the hypofarricone extract is for treating depression, anxiety, and sleep disturbances. inhibition of the reuptake of (5-HT), NE and dopamine.effect on GABA receptors.It is used for sleep disturbance, anxiety and depression DOSE :600-1800 in day, recommended to br taken at / after a meal, to reduce the risk of disturbances in the digestive system. As adverse effects, mild gastrointestinal disorders, allergic skin reactions, fatigue and restlessness In the absence of sufficient clinical data, administration to children, or during pregnancy and lactation is not recommended. The start of the event: The antidepressant effect is felt in at least two weeks. Duration of effectiveness The antidepressant effect varies and depends on the individual patient's condition. Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 26 morphine Morphine, the main alkaloid of juice of opium, was first obtained from poppy seeds in 1805 Morphine is an opioid medication. An opioid is sometimes called a narcotic. Morphine is a strong painkiller. It's used to treat severe pain, for example after an operation or a serious injury, or pain from cancer or a heart attack. It's also used for other types of longstanding pain when weaker painkillers no longer work. Morphine is available only on prescription. Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 27 Relax Drops Active Ingredients: Lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) is a lemon-scented herb that comes from the same family as mint. Indication: an effective complementary treatment. to reduce stress and anxiety, promote sleep, improve appetite, and ease pain and discomfort from indigestion (including gas and bloating, It may help ease headache pain It may help treat cold sores contraindication : glaucoma medications thyroid medications barbiturates sedatives drugs that affect serotonin DOSAGE : DROPS 30 ML Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 28 BonNuit Passionflower, Peppermint, Balsam ,Chamomile ,Ascorbic Acid, Pear Flavor Uses : 1:Difficulty sleeping for a baby 2:Getting rid of bloating and gas for a child Dosages form: drops Dose : Children under 2 years of age, bon nuit drops: 2.5 ml twice daily. Children over 2 years old: 5 ml 2-3 times a day. The dose of Bonn Night medication can be repeated as often as needed. Side effect Nausea Vomiting Abdominal Bain Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 29 Oat ( Avena sativa) Trade name: Neuravena® Active ingredients : Extract of Avena sativa standardized to 0.3 % isovitexin Dose: Take one capsule one to Tow times per day Uses : Traditional herbal medicinal product for relief of mild symptoms of mental stress and to aid sleep Alzheimer's disease. Antioxidant Effect Antidiabetic Effect Antimicrobial Effect Al-Zaytoonah University Dr. Nour Aboalhaija 30