Environmental Pollution PDF

GE ELEC 1 Understanding The Environmental Pollution Air and Water Pollution Land and Noise Pollution What is Environmental Pollution? Pollution can Environmental...

GE ELEC 1 Understanding The Environmental Pollution Air and Water Pollution Land and Noise Pollution What is Environmental Pollution? Pollution can Environmental be defined as any undesirable change in physical, and chemical, or biological characteristics of any component of the environment. Which can cause harmful effects on various forms of Pollution: the term pollution can be life or property. defined as influence of any substance causing nuisance, harmful effects., and uneasiness to the organisms. Pollutant: any substance causing nuisance or harmful effects or uneasiness to the organisms, then that particular substance may be called as the pollutant.  TYPES OF ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION WATER POLLUTION LAND POLLUTION NOISE POLLUTION AIR POLLUTION Air pollution refers to the presence of harmful substances in the atmosphere, which can be in the form of gases, particulates, or biological molecules. These pollutants originate from various sources, including industrial emissions, vehicle exhaust, and natural events like wildfires. The impact of air pollution is profound, affecting not only human health—leading to respiratory diseases and cardiovascular issues —but also contributing to environmental problems such as  Major Air Pollutants and Their Sources Particulate Matter (PM) Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) Sulfur Dioxide (SO2) Particulate matter, Nitrogen oxides are primarily Sulfur dioxide is mainly including PM2.5 and PM10, produced from vehicle released from burning fossil originates from combustion emissions and power plants. fuels in power plants and processes, industrial They contribute to the industrial facilities. It can activities, and natural formation of ground-level lead to acid rain formation, sources like dust storms. ozone and smog, which can which negatively impacts These tiny particles can exacerbate respiratory ecosystems, water sources, penetrate deep into the problems and environmental and human health through lungs, causing serious degradation. respiratory irritation. health issues. Effects of Air Pollution on Health and Environment 01 02 03 Environmental Economic Costs Health Impacts Consequences The effects of air pollution Air pollution is linked to a extend to economic burdens, range of health issues, Pollutants like sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides including healthcare costs for including asthma, lung treating pollution-related cancer, and cardiovascular contribute to acid rain, which can harm forests, lakes, and illnesses and loss of diseases. Vulnerable productivity due to health populations, such as children wildlife. This degradation disrupts ecosystems and impacts. Addressing air and the elderly, are quality can lead to significant particularly at risk due to reduces biodiversity, leading to long-term environmental savings and improved public their developing or weakened health outcomes. respiratory systems. damage. Mitigation Strategies for Air Pollution 01 02 03 Regulatory Measures Promoting Renewable Public Transportation Energy Initiatives Implementing strict emissions standards for Transitioning to renewable Enhancing public industries and vehicles can energy sources, such as solar transportation systems significantly reduce the and wind, decreases reliance on encourages reduced vehicle release of harmful pollutants fossil fuels, thereby reducing air use, leading to lower into the atmosphere, pollution and contributing to a emissions from personal promoting cleaner air and sustainable energy future. vehicles and improved air public health. quality in urban areas. Water Pollution Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as rivers, lakes, and oceans, caused by harmful substances or pollutants. These pollutants can originate from industrial discharges, agricultural runoff, and sewage, leading to detrimental effects on aquatic ecosystems and human Types of Water Pollution health. Major types of water pollution include chemical pollution from toxic substances, biological pollution from pathogens, and thermal pollution from heated water discharges. Each type poses unique risks to wildlife and can disrupt the balance of aquatic  Sources of Water Pollution: Point and Point Non-Point Source Pollution Point source pollution refers to contaminants that enter water bodies from a single, identifiable source, such as a pipe or ditch. Common examples include wastewater treatment plants and industrial discharges, which can introduce harmful chemicals directly into rivers and lakes. Non-Point Source Pollution Non-point source pollution arises from diffuse sources rather than a single point, making it harder to control. This includes runoff from agricultural fields, urban areas, and construction sites, where rainwater carries fertilizers, pesticides, and sediments into water bodies. Impact of Both Sources Both point and non-point sources significantly affect water quality and aquatic life. They can lead to nutrient overloads,  Consequences of Water Pollution on Ecosystems Ecosystem Disruption Water pollution leads to the degradation of aquatic ecosystems, resulting in loss of biodiversity, alteration of food webs, and the decline of sensitive species, which can ultimately disrupt the balance of entire ecosystems and their ability to provide essential services.  Land Pollution Land pollution is the demolition of Earths land surfaces often caused by human activities and their misuse of land resources. It occurs when waste is not disposed properly Causes of land pollution: Mining, Erosion and Quarrying Household Garbage Municipal Solid Waste Industrial Waste and Hazardous Waste Burning open dumps and Forest fires Definition and Causes of Land Pollution  Types of Land Pollutants and Their Sources Chemical pollutants, including heavy metals (like lead and mercury), pesticides, and industrial solvents, often originate from agricultural runoff, improper waste disposal, and industrial activities. These substances can accumulate in the soil, leading to long- term ecological damage and posing serious health risks to humans and Solid waste pollutants, such as wildlife through bioaccumulation. plastics, construction debris, and municipal waste, primarily stem from urbanization and inadequate waste management practices. The accumulation of these materials not only degrades land quality but also contributes to habitat destruction and can leach harmful substances into the  Effects of Land Pollution on Soil and Agriculture Soil Degradation Land pollution significantly degrades soil quality by introducing harmful chemicals and heavy metals, which can disrupt soil structure, reduce fertility, and impair the ability of crops to absorb nutrients and water, ultimately leading to decreased agricultural productivity and food security.  Common Remedial of Land Pollution More and more land should be brought under farming Tress should be planted everywhere Waste matter should be disposed immediately Avoid drilling the land for more underground water Avoid using more fertilizers and pesticides Good agriculture practices  Noise Pollution Noise pollution is defined as excessive or harmful levels of sound in the environment, primarily resulting from urbanization, transportation (such as road traffic, railways, and air traffic), industrial activities, and construction work. This type of pollution can lead to significant health issues, including hearing loss, stress-related illnesses, and sleep disturbances, highlighting the need for effective noise management strategies in urban planning and public health policies.  Sources of Noise Pollution Transportation systems, are the main source of noise pollution un urban areas. Construction of buildings, highways, and streets cause a lot of noise, due to the usage of air compressors, and bulldozers, loaders, dump trucks, and pavement breaks. Industrial noise also adds to the already unfavorable state of noise pollution. Loud speakers, plumbing, boilers, generators, air conditioners, fans, and vacuum cleaners add to the existing noise pollution.  Urban Planning Initiatives Implementing effective urban planning strategies, such as zoning regulations and noise barriers, can significantly minimize noise pollution in residential areas, promoting quieter environments and enhancing the quality of life for residents. Noise Regulation Policies Establishing and enforcing strict noise regulations for industries, construction sites, and transportation can help control excessive noise levels, ensuring compliance and protecting public health from the adverse effects of noise pollution. Community Awareness Programs Educating communities about the sources and impacts of noise pollution fosters public engagement in noise reduction efforts, encouraging individuals to adopt quieter practices and support local initiatives aimed at Strategies to Reduce Noise minimizing noise disturbances.  THANK YOU Presented by: ROSEMARIE D. ROLLO MYRFEL U. BUMANGLAG