Football Handbook PDF

Football Handbook Prepared by: Ms. Lava Seerwan 1 Table of Contents: Football:....................................................................................................................................................... 4 The football history:............................

Football Handbook Prepared by: Ms. Lava Seerwan 1 Table of Contents: Football:....................................................................................................................................................... 4 The football history:................................................................................................................................... 4 The pitch...................................................................................................................................................... 5 Goal posts................................................................................................................................................ 5 Penalty Box............................................................................................................................................. 5 The penalty spot..................................................................................................................................... 5 The center spot....................................................................................................................................... 5 Football basic skills.................................................................................................................................... 8 1. Blocking............................................................................................................................................... 8 2. Passing Accuracy:.............................................................................................................................. 8 3. Dribbling Skills................................................................................................................................... 8 4. Shooting............................................................................................................................................... 8 5. Tackling............................................................................................................................................... 8 6. Receiving............................................................................................................................................. 8 7. Decision Making................................................................................................................................. 8 8. Heading............................................................................................................................................... 9 9. Touch and Ball Control..................................................................................................................... 9 10. Spatial Awareness............................................................................................................................ 9 Football laws............................................................................................................................................. 13 LAW 1 – The Field............................................................................................................................... 14 LAW 2 - The Ball.................................................................................................................................. 14 LAW 3 - Number of Players............................................................................................................... 14 LAW 4 - Player’s Equipment.............................................................................................................. 14 LAW 5 – Referees................................................................................................................................. 14 LAW 6 - Linesmen and Lineswomen................................................................................................ 14 LAW 7 - Duration of the Game.......................................................................................................... 15 LAW 8 - Start of Play: Kick Off and Drop Ball................................................................................. 15 LAW 9 - Ball In and Out of Play........................................................................................................ 15 LAW 10 - Method of Scoring.............................................................................................................. 15 LAW 11 - Offside.................................................................................................................................. 15 2 LAW 12 - Fouls and Misconduct....................................................................................................... 16 Law 13: Free Kicks............................................................................................................................... 16 Law 14: The Penalty Kick.................................................................................................................... 16 Law 15: The Throw-In......................................................................................................................... 17 Law 16: The Goal Kick......................................................................................................................... 17 Law 17: The Corner Kick..................................................................................................................... 17 3 Football: game in which two teams of 11 players, using any part of their bodies except their goalkeeper is permitted to handle the ball and may do so only within the penalty area surrounding the goal. The team that hands and arms, try to maneuver the ball into the opposing team’s goal. Only the scores more goals wins. The football history: Modern football originated in Britain in the 19th century. Since before medieval times, “folk football” games had been played in towns and villages according to local customs and with a minimum of rules. football was taken up as a winter game between residence houses at public (independent) schools such as Winchester College, Charterhouse, and Eton College. Each school had its own rules; some allowed limited handling of the ball and others did not. As early as 1843 an attempt to standardize and codify the rules of play was made at the University of Cambridge, whose students joined most public schools in 1848 in adopting these “Cambridge rules,” which were further spread by Cambridge graduates who formed football clubs. 4 The pitch pitches measuring between (102.4m) to (105.2m) y long and (64.0m) to (68.6m) wide. Amateur football pitches can fluctuate significantly in size and can be between (91.44m) and (118.87m) long, and (45.72m) to (91.44m) wide. Goal posts should measure (7.32m) (2.44m). Penalty Box The penalty box, colloquially called “the 18-yard box”, is actually a rectangle which is 18 yards (16.46m) long and 44 yards (40.23m) wide. The penalty spot also called the (“penalty mark”) should be marked out (10.97m) from the goal line. The penalty spot is measured from the Centre of the spot, to the back edge of the goal line. The center spot is found in the middle of the halfway line, and represents the center of the entire pitch. The center circle is marked out (9.15m) from the Centre mark. 5 The Ball All balls must be: Spherical made of suitable material of a circumference of between 68 cm and 70 cm between 410 g and 450 g weight at the start of the match, of a pressure equal to 0.6 – 1.1 atmosphere (600 – 1,100g/cm2). 6 7 Football basic skills 1. Blocking A strong offensive capacity is a basic requirement, especially for those offensive players. This is the skill in football that all the offensive players should practice on. 2. Passing Accuracy: Passing accuracy is one of the most fundamental skills in a football game. Passing skill is the one ultimate skill and football is devoid of an accurate and precise pass. 3. Dribbling Skills The most efficient and basic skill for football is to dribble the ball, keeping it in possession. Running with the ball is not as simple as it sounds because it needs good control, balance, and coordination 4. Shooting A perfect shot always ends up in the goal post, as a perfect goal. Shooting is the act of dispatching the ball to the opponent’s post. This is the ultimate thrust, at the end of the day, goals count as your win. 5. Tackling A game of football is not as easy as we see it from the gallery. To get the ball and kick it to the post, players have to do numerous tits and tactics on the field. 6. Receiving The ball receivers also include the goalkeeper. Receiving the ball is also one of the important and technical skills to be acquired by every player, especially the goalkeepers. 7. Decision Making Decision making is important in football because it affects the flow of the game and the outcome of plays. For example, a player deciding to pass the ball to a teammate in a better position to score rather than shooting themselves demonstrates good decision making. 8 8. Heading The header is an important part of the game as he helps score goals during open play and clear the ball while defending. 9. Touch and Ball Control Touch and ball control is another important football skill as you can play effortlessly when you can feel the ball - whether it is moving or in the air. 10. Spatial Awareness Spatial awareness contributes to a player's performance by allowing them to understand their position relative to the ball, teammates, and opponents, helping them to make more strategic decisions on the field and it plays a huge role in your victory in the game as it allows you to design a mental map of the game around you. Passing inside of the food 9 Heading Blocking 10  Tackling Receiving and control the ball Shooting 11 12  Spatial Awareness Decision Making 13 Football laws LAW 1 – The Field of Play This is the basic layout of a soccer field. The size of the field will vary from league to league. LAW 2 - The Ball A regulation size soccer ball is a No. 5 ball. Youth leagues may use different size. LAW 3 - Number of Players There must be no more that 11 players on the field of play for either team. A minimum number of players is usually 7. The goalkeeper must wear a different color shirt from his teammates. The goalie can only use his hands inside the penalty area. LAW 4 - Player’s Equipment Players must wear the same colored jersey or shirts. LAW 5 – Referees The referee enforces the 17 laws. the referee may let play continue and not call a foul if he or she thinks that stopping play would give an advantage to the team.This is called the “advantage clause”. The referee should say “playon” when this occurs. LAW 6 - Linesmen and Lineswomen Two linesmen may assist the referee in controlling the game. 14 LAW 7 - Duration of the Game The duration of the game will depend on the age of the children. Older children will more than likely have two halves. Younger children often times play four quarters. LAW 8 - Start of Play: Kick Off and Drop Ball A kick off is taken to start a game, to restart play after a goal has been scored or to start the second half or a new quarter. At kickoff all players must be on their team’s half of the field. LAW 9 - Ball In and Out of Play The ball is out of play whenever it is completely outside the outside edge of the touchline or the goal line either on the ground or in the air. LAW 10 - Method of Scoring A goal can only be scored if the entire ball goes completely over the outside edge of the goal line, under the cross bar and between the goal posts while it is in play. LAW 11 - Offside An offensive player must have two opponents including the goalkeeper between himself and the goal line at the moment the ball is passed to him. Offside Position - A player is in the offside position if he is: ahead of the ball. in the opponents half of the field. there are fewer than two opponents even with or ahead of him. 15 Offside -A player who is in the offside position becomes offside when he participates in the play he interferes with an opponent otherwise tries to take advantage of being in the offside position. Exceptions - A player in an offside position is not to be called offside if he receives the ball directly from: a throw-in a corner kick a goal kick. LAW 12 - Fouls and Misconduct There are nine penal or major fouls. These fouls must be committed intentionally and may result in a Red Card”. The fouls are as follows: Kicking a player. Jumping up at a player. Charging a player in a rough way. Charging a player from behind. Tripping a player. Hitting or spitting at a player. Law 13: Free Kicks Free Kick is broken into two categories, direct and indirect. A direct kick can be shot directly into the opponent’s goal without touching another player An indirect kick can only go into the goal if it has subsequently been touched by another player before it enters the goal. 16 Law 14: The Penalty Kick A penalty kick is awarded either when a defensive player fouls an attacking player or commits a handball in his/her team’s penalty area. Law 15: The Throw-In A throw-in is awarded when the possessing team plays the ball out of bounds over the touchline. Law 16: The Goal Kick A goal kick is awarded when the offensive team plays the ball out of bounds over the defensive team’s goal line. Law 17: The Corner Kick A corner kick is awarded to the offensive team when the defensive team plays the ball out of bounds over its goal line. 17 18