Floor Finishes PDF

Floor, rigid building assembly that divides space horizontally into stories. It forms the bottom of a room. It may consist of joist-supported wood planks or panels, decking or panels supported by wood or steel beams, a slab of stone or concrete on the ground, or a reinforced-concrete slab carried...

Floor, rigid building assembly that divides space horizontally into stories. It forms the bottom of a room. It may consist of joist-supported wood planks or panels, decking or panels supported by wood or steel beams, a slab of stone or concrete on the ground, or a reinforced-concrete slab carried by concrete beams and columns. FLOOR TYPICALLY PROVIDES: Structural support for the contents of the room, its occupants, and the weight of the floor itself. Resistance to the passage of moisture, heat and sound. A surface finish which may contribute to the look, feel and acoustics of a space. Sometimes it may also form an integral part of the primary structure of the building. It may also include elements of building services, such as wiring, pipework, ducting, drainage, lighting, ventilation and so on. FLOOR TYPICALLY PROVIDES: Structural support for the contents of the room, its occupants, and the weight of the floor itself. Resistance to the passage of moisture, heat and sound. A surface finish which may contribute to the look, feel and acoustics of a space. Sometimes it may also form an integral part of the primary structure of the building. It may also include elements of building services, such as wiring, pipework, ducting, drainage, lighting, ventilation and so on. requirements for building floor Strength and Stability Durability Resistance to Weather and Moisture Fire Safety Thermal Insulation Sound Insulation Slip Resistance Levelness and Flatness  FLOOR FINISHES A floor finish is a material applied to the surface of a floor to enhance its appearance, durability, and functionality. It serves to protect the underlying flooring material from wear and tear, moisture, and stains, while also providing aesthetic appeal. According to britannica TYPES AND METHODS OF FLOOR FINISHES refer to flooring materials that are applied or installed directly on-site rather than being pre-manufactured and assembled off-site. This approach allows for a seamless and customized finish tailored to specific design requirements. Here are some common types of in situ floor finishes:  MASTIC ASPHALT Mastic asphalt flooring is made by mixing molten mass of specific grade asphalt with clean sharp sand or gravel or grit in a specific ratio poured on the concrete floor in hot form with enough consistency to be dropped freely and then troweled keeping uniform thickness of 13 to 25 mm.  PITCH MASTIC Pitch mastic is a type of jointless floor finish made from a mixture of pitch (a form of tar) and aggregates like limestone or silica sand. When heated, this mixture becomes fluid and is spread to a thickness of 16-25 mm. Once it cools, it forms a durable, seamless surface GRANOLITHIC Granolithic screed, also known as GRANOLITHIC PAVING OR CONCRETE, is a durable construction material made from cement and fine aggregates like granite. It’s typically used for flooring or paving in areas where appearance isn’t a priority, such as outdoor pathways or factory floors. The material is laid as a screed over a structural element to provide a level surface for the final flooring. APPLIED FLOOR FINISHES FLEXIBLE PVC TILES AND SHEETS Made from polyvinyl chloride (PVC), these are plastic-based materials formed into tiles or sheets that can be laid over floors. THERMOPLASTIC TILES These tiles are made from materials that become soft when heated and hard when cooled, allowing them to be molded into various shapes. RUBBER TILES AND SHEETS Flooring made from natural or synthetic rubber, available in either tile or sheet form. LINOLEUM A resilient flooring made from natural materials such as linseed oil, wood flour, cork dust, and resins, with a durable surface. CARPET A soft floor covering made from fibers such as wool, nylon, or polyester, woven or tufted into a backing material. CORK TILES Flooring made from cork, a natural material harvested from the bark of cork oak trees. QUARRY TILES Unglazed ceramic tiles made from natural clay that is fired at high temperatures, resulting in a dense and durable PLAIN CLAY OR CERAMIC FLOOR TILES Ceramic tiles made from molded natural clay that is fired in a kiln. They can be glazed (providing a shiny finish) or unglazed (offering a more natural appearance). www.reallygreatsite.com TIMBER FLOOR FINISHES TIMBER BOARDS Is a furniture board made of solid wood, solid wooden sheets are robust and of high quality. They are designed for durability and aesthetic appeal, often featuring a laminate or veneer surface that mimics the look of solid wood. NEXT PAGE  Frequently used board are oak board, spruce board and pine board. All timber boards have a natural look OAK BOARD SPRUCE BOARD Pine  TIMBER STRIP TIMBER STRIP These strips are typically manufactured to specific dimensions and can be made from various types of wood, each offering different aesthetics and durability. In flooring, timber strips can provide a classic look and are often installed in a tongue- and-groove pattern for stability and ease of installation. TIMBER SHEET FLOOR FINISH These sheets are often used as a subflooring material, providing a stable and level base for various floor finishes. They are popular for their strength, durability, and ease of installation, allowing for efficient construction and renovation.  WOOD BLOCKS WOOD BLOCKS Blocks, called laminated units, are produced by gluing together several layers of wood. Unitblocks are commonly produced in 3/4-inch thicknesses. Dimen-sions (length and width) are inmultiples of the widths of the strips from which they are made. For example ,squaresassembled from 2 1/4-inch strips are 6 3/4 by6 3/4 inches, 9 by 9 inches, or 11 1/4 by 11 1/4inches. Wood block flooring is usually tongue and groove. PARQUET parquet flooring is the term used to describe the geometric patterns made frommultiple wooden panels. The word “parquet” is French for “a small compartment” andexplains the use of decoratively laying wooden pieces in an intricate pattern. 1. HERRINGBONE PARQUETRY -The Herringbone design is made up of panels of wood of equal length, cut into rectangles with flat 90° angles. 2. CHEVRON PARQUETRY Similar to the herringbone design, the length of the planks of wood in Chevron parquetry are made equal. 3. VERSAILLES PARQUETRY- As we have touched on earlier, this pattern is made famous for its use in the grand Palace of Versailles 4. MOSAIC (OR “BRICK”) PARQUETRY The mosaic or “brick” pattern is a simple, yeteffective design, made up of small rows of wooden panels (usually in rows oftwo or four) that form square tiles.  Wood veneer and laminate Laminate consists of layers ofpaper that harden with resin, while the wood veneer is a thin slice of natural wood that usually gets lacquered, again, both over the same core substrate material! Since laminate manufacturing uses high pressure and temperature, laminate surfaces are moredurable and resist scratches, moisture, and wear & tear compared to veneer wood surfaces.