Tobacco Mosaic Virus Final Review PDF

 Tobacco Mosaic Virus Orcpdobledish ( + )SSRNA Alphavirus-like supergroup Group 6...

 Tobacco Mosaic Virus Orcpdobledish ( + )SSRNA Alphavirus-like supergroup Group 6 (ASSRNA-RT) 8 T E AphuvirUL(HEVTobamois Contributions to Science T > TMV 4. Picornavirus (Corona , Picornal ( reconstitutionstrial (197) - CP table toa · Ct)ssRNA-RT · Stable in soil CroupVI) Mechanical infectious (1898) 1st Filterable virus transmission in cigarettes · 3 , translational read-through to rise to DARPIORE Genome: translated S SgRNA * leaky stop as give O Frankel Convat 1955 - coat protein by itself ↳T No ni 5' cap ↓ Leaky stop was * time = Reputation associated - Proteins = S 3 > - Movement Protein Coat Protein und RNA (2), FB > - when replicating (P(2) -Dackaging was formed not (P(1) 16 3. (P/turn , 2130cp/virion Built as double disks RNA , in threaded between the disks > - Travel Intracellular -> actin cytoskeleton to associate with ER -assembles URLs on multiple organelles · Intercellular MP guidance to plasmodesmata(gap junctions · - > tonydistance > - phloem travel to distal regions - > N-termini of MD increases the size exclusion limit of > - VRC Plasas through p38 replicase , MP, gRNA , ER membrane · helicase (apart of replicase) forms hexameric rings · moves on actin TobaccoMosaicVirus (TMU) is a the alphavirus-like superfamily TMV leaves necrotic recious and mosaic patterns nahed (H)ssRNA from. It the first filterable virus (1898) and FrankelConrat (1955) reconstituted it/determined RNA as un plants. was genetic material Like. most plant viruses it enters through mechanical transmission Its small ssRNA penome with YORFs ORFI has. leaky a. a stop read-through to produce ORF2/AJRP ORFS (MD) 34(CP) formed after read-through , and spRNA division. In the cell , the virus moves as a VDC guided by its MP to different cellular, intercellular or distal locations. The URL moves on actin filaments and through the phloem  Poliovirus > - (AssRNA , Picorna-like supergroup, Picornavirtue family , naked n Poliomyelitis cause · > - Features : Diseases : · No 51 cap , 3'Polyt tail > - Poliomyelitis - I "major cause of UDB-barrel jelly roll · Pseudo T3 60 copies of each VP1- > - Hepatitis A infant deaths in 20th century hygiene Fecal-oral transmission Foot and Mouth > ↓ hypothesis · - ↓ Ironlung IRES for ribosome binding (rather than 5' cap) > Contributions - to Science inactive polic Clive-attenuates) oral-polic vaccine (IPU)//) - (195, Salu) - 1st inactivated Polio vaccine - Weakened-live virus (OPU) (erFrosch) - 1st animal virus ; FNDU (limore-AARD (1983exer) - IREJ > - Taxonomy (Genuses · Aphtha (mouth) , pico(small) material) Kepato (liver Hepatitis) Rhino (nose GG) Cardio (heart), , ral pen , , , , , encephalo (Grain) , myo(muscle) entero (GI tract) , 51 Picornavirus blocks host> part of eFFYE S 1 ORF translation ⑭QUIR I /UTRYHAAAB Pl ↓I large poly protein P2 /G2APro(cuts once P3 AprocesFut FIRES /clover (rhinoviruss ⑱ use type I IRES S Call subsequent type wIpseudo (FNDUHY Garage ↳ ⑭ colo a zo cleare by n 3 ProJef Entry through polio "Canyons" , PVR and ICAM receptors sphingosine helps VPI form a pore (Only VRC enters) Poliovirus comes from the Picornaviridae family- Picorna-like superfamily , others include FMDV and Hepatitis A virus. They are CJsRNA hidden(alldocopies) It has naked pesto T3 virious with VP1-3 being surface and UPY bang · an IRES rather than 51 cap and enters using PVR and ICAM binding Upon to its canyons. binding sphingosire, helps to make a port for the URL. which cuts It has a single ORF encoding a large polyprotein 2AProcleaves once between Pl and P2 , PI encoding UPO , P1 , VP3 , also cleares VPG 2APro. 3CProcuts 8 P2/P3 separation P3 cleares to 3AB and 3CpPro 3B being UPO into VP2 and VPY (signalling muturation) times including.. ,. host PIC elF46. Picornaviridreabo IRES w/ Clover leaf or pseudotnets In its replicative form, it is forming multiple sgRNAs from. a single cDNA Salk(1955). made an IPV and Subin (1960) made the live-attenuated vaccine (op) 1898 FMDU was the first animal virus discovered ,.  Flaviviridae SsRNA + Flavi-like superfamily Yellow fever, Hep. C , Dengue , West Nile , Zila Bird , ratymunke twildives & T3 , nahed , single ORF , 3'UTR S'IRES , Hepato ↳ liver affecting  Coronaviridae SARS outbreak (2002 SARS MERS and COVID 2003) > - are Sprotein - Betacoronavirus 77) deaths Me eprn a · , Began in Guangzhou it - ↳ protein Ey in > - Features to Covid Protein frameshift Airborne easier transmission asymptomatic opFla ORFII , , L > - Coronaviridae structure ⑭ AAAA Zonegd · Spike glycoprotein (crown appearance) Polyprot. Ic ↓ ↳ Coronaviridae , (t) SsRNA expression (+ (ssRNA helical nucleocapsid Polyprot lab throughSRNInscription · , · Primary host : BATS # each SgRNA is monocistronic cleavage through 5'cap s'Poly A jlaHighly rgest RNA ~ and 3CL genomes. , PL (papain variable structures , core SEMN structural proteins conserved controlled by > - Spike Glycoprotein ExoN profrecting · Receptor binding , antigenic determinant , highly mutable(strain diversity enzyme ACEL recepter (Angiotensin) > Angiotensin Cardioprotection), internalization vasoconstriction - ,7 · , 2 domains cleared by furin , assembles into trimer > - Symptoms Asymptomatic mild fever malaise or dry cough · , , · Serious(SARS) : Greathing difficulty , chest pain , speech loss Fear is the second most important risk factor associated with LOVID deaths based on CDC Coronaviridae apart of the Picorna-like superfamily is an enveloped (ASSRNA helical nucleocapsid virus with a It is known for SARS MERS and COVD-19. The , genome has a ribosomal frameshift between its first ORF. cleared other 50% of the This is translated into ppla and pplat - by PL or 3CL proteases The · genome is translated each munocistronic encode the SEMIN highly mutable as SpRNAs that are and proteins Sprotein is. and is the reason for the amount of strains. It birds ACEL preventing angiotensin formation through internalization weaking the genome also has a host cardiovasculature. Buts the primary hosts. The scap and 31 A tail. are Pay  = mucosal (predominantly respirators myxo Ortho > segmentented on Influenza-Orthomyoxy viridae - 12-55k flu deaths /year Fi · Spanish flu (1918) > - FIUAV (Alphainfluenzavirus influenzal B Phain - Most common fird , swin humanshe , neuraminidase , - · Strains named off HA/NA receptor binding (Hemaglutinin , Characteristics T > - · Spherical (tissue culture) Filamentous (naturally , hasaetrar (PBI/PBG/PA) , Envelope M2 channel (H+ transport) nucleocapsid has tripartite polymerase Orthomyoxyviridue (-) SSRNA · , , , Genome (-ssRNA 8 sequented 2 , 7 and 8 · 11 , , make protein PBI-F2 (immune Mitochondria target) 51 un · with tripar file NSI (non-structural IFN counter) export through NS2 exists (NEP) ↓ Each SgRNA as an RNP complex import · to > - Cap snatching nucleus DA endonuclease activity cleares Why Mutation: ↳ snatched oliponts serve as virul primers 1 Antigenic drift. minor antigen changes It transport for uncoating · > - Splicing > -. Antigenic shift 2 M1-RNP export shifts , reassortment Sey 718 spliced for Mu major · are cytosol · to of genome segs in co-infected cells > - Avian , swine · Swine flu derived from the Spanish flu , predominantly shift (not drift ( > - Defense (on channel · blockers (M2 channel) · NA inhibitors (Delenza) Orthomyony virtue most notably cause the flu, swine and avine flu. They are enveloped CSSRNA viruses whose genomes are segmented into 8 pieces (monopartile). The nucleocapsid is bound to a tripartile protei complex: PBI , PB2 and PA which polymerase. This whole complex is an RNP. The virion is internalized upon HA dinding serve as the to sidic acitMD serves as ion channels to dincrease pH and release RWPs· The NPs have. nuclear import. sequences (NLS) and NS2(NEP) has nuclear export To replicate PA swatches host 5'caps (entovclease activity , mulation is cells avoid delection High. PBI also targets mitochorbiton in the immune to be used in viral. to priming. for Seasonalvariation shift pandemics (bind hun e Drift is responsible causes a result of both shift and drift. , -  not viridae an Er , ~ Mononegavirales Measles oa mumps , rabies and , Rhabdo , Filo , Borna -Y families : Paramyoxy , · ()ssRNA monupartite genome , , enveloped , linear genome - start-stop-restart for multiple a · mRNA production. · all diseases trace back to RBATS. SPHERICAL Paramyoxyviridae , ()ssRNAt Rhabdoviridae (rabies) : BULLET SHAPE > - Paramyoxyviridue (Measles) : IM deaths · Fatal encephalitis Likely from cattle 6000 yrs ago , over per year this group used Edola Smallblue USV Easy transmission or · in vaccine air · as · while spots Rabavert vaccine buch of anti-vaxyers preumonia · Coming cause · Oral vaccines for wildlife through bait > - Structure and compositions - Filoviridae (Marburg and Ebola) · H or HN receptors Rhubdoviridae , CASSRNA · Recurring outbreaks in Central Africa ↳ RBC(Sendui) or CD4L cells (Measles · 2013-16 , 11000 , deaths , BATS · Fusion peptide (E) SH(small hydrophobic · Hemorrhagic fever · Close contact Matrix (M) , bridge between NPs and glycoprot · ERVEBO (VSV) vaccine NP , helical capsid ↳ glycoprotein LandP-RNA Synthesis - Daramyoxy and Rhubto genomes · (EssRNA , intergenic sequences allow for stop-start (sequentiaunscription) , 5-10 genes > - Filoviridae · 7 genes , intergenics overlap start/stopa more control WHY BATS ? ancient species Polyadenylation > - ↳ V tail RRP broad genetic diversity /Transcriptionuntil reaches AAcT > - > - large colonies > - migratory tolerance > - High viral > - High metabolism Mononegavirales are an order of viruses each of which cause devastating diseases. They are CISSRNA munopartile genunes and consist of Paramyoxy (Measles) Rhabdo (Rubies USV) Filo (Ebola Murburg) and Burna Rhabdo , , bullet-shaped and , ,. are Paramyoxy are spherical Paramyoxy are similar In entry to or tho using HN to bind sialieacit The linear genomes curtain ,. (Ebda) these mechanisms overlap allowing. In Filoviridae intergenic sequences for stop-start mechanisms encoding various mRNAS All. greater control Transcription occurs to the Poly Out which the poly A rail is transcribed into the CtCRNALmRNAstrand) er. at. Afric outnahs and hemorrhagic thediseases tu Rudo casetalephcausesrecurring buchbas.  Papillomaviridae HPUs Discoveries only cause > - to CRDVinvestedrubitswithKeratinouscarcinomasstDvirusknown tur a cancer upon integration cause to the host chromosome. At this point , viral > Structure Infections (HPV) production > butts but - - Naked T7 , Circular JsDNA Direct contact local infections · E6/7 overexpressed · are , , uncontrolled cellivision · et 72 capsomeres 5 copies of 11 proteins · Benign wants does not ↳ 12 , pentavalent 60 hexavalent Cervical carcinomas HPV integrate I · , in its productive amplification Chromosomal structure (DNA-histone wrapping) HPV16 , 18 , 31 , 45 must risk ·. and requires episomes > - Classification/ Nomenclature - Screening plasmit creation 5 Alpha Beta , gamma, Mu, N Pap of mucosal cells genera : smear · · for replication , , Cancer is UNINTENDED · cutaneous infections, Alphapapilloma most risk. Gardasil quadrivalent vaccine, ( · Ll protein teret SIL: Phylogeny through 11 relatedness Squamous intra-epithelial Only a can infect mucosal tissues = lead to cancers (K-7 9) , lesion (SIL : virul prod Most STD of most cancer causes in.. , common one common women ,. HSFL : prod fual promoters D- Cancer (Long Control Region) - - PolyHearly PolyHiate at spi ICR , Pearly P E6 , E7 producea - > Eng threeanscripts Ll (Pearly > - Pearlal > El , E2, Ey , - (Plate + Plearly #Pate Palate) -> >11 , 12 removes pranular layer, /JSDNA- The proteins released Papillomaviridae Group , virius induced E7-pRd Jay. cell cycle concert with Tes · in differentiating · E6-> p53 Jey. E apoptosis inhibition cells M M ↑↑ El-helicase , E2 > - promoter (LCRbinding) , , EU (maturation role , Keratin associate · Il e Major capsid , 12-minor capsid , viral transport > - Symphony 1. Initial rep in stem cells , 2 Genome maintenance. ((division/cycle) , 3. Productive amplification : Burst in viral activity (differential o CRPV the first Identified to Papillomaviridae are naked JsDNA (group 1) viruses. was virus cause cancer , causing beratinous horn-like carcinomas on rabbits. It has a 57 capsid and is circular in structure. (1 (major capsit). The genome his tone wrappe 6 forms capsomeres total , 12 pentevalent and 60 hendent Similar to humans DNA is , 72 in EG/E7 proteins are , 3 transcripts are generated · is temporally controlled to produce early genes and late genes. Through2 promoters. , expressed first and degrade p53 Capoptosis inhibition) and pR6 (master cell cycle control) El acts as a helicase and Ed is a promoter 11/22.. able to infect mucosal cells resulting in cancers The viral protection is symphonic are the structural components. Alpha papillomaviruses are the only ones differentiated cell Additionally , mucosal infection. with stem cells Initial rep occurs , maintenance in slightly diftentialed and productive amplification in. of mucosal regions.. esquamous intrappitter/ lesions) destroy the precular layer  Orthoherpesviridae circular in host enveloped ultegument > largest genome JSDNA linear in virion - , , , , Tempora cuscate foresee 10 glycoproteins 14 ·m , legument proteins genes (early his of infection 1. IE NP 6 or proteins 2. B or E genes (4-8hrs) > - During latency miRNAs LATS encoding are 3 or I genes the only expressed y ones. · reultivationthe to stress factors (NGF deprival in host, Taxonomy subfamily Latency > - DLK > Chickenpox active (stress genes)) - HSV-1 VzV ↳ 10 Glyco Alphaherpesvirinue Sensory neurons > - > - , -issues w/ proteins pregnancy Betaherpesvirinue Roseola HCMV Orthoherpesviridae Group I , JsDNA > - Lymphocytes > - virus , and organ transplants CEBV) Gummaherpesvirinae > - Lymphocytes - > HHFFY (Epstein-Barr) , Kaposi Sarcoma (HHV-8) · Herpes have evolved with humans since antiquity (180-220M years a go) > Disease Entry and Uncoating - >