Final Exam Prep PDF

Wilkinson 1 Shay Wilkinson Geography Camarillo December 11, 2024 Final Exam Study Guide Chapter 4- 4.3: Main Idea: the spread of organized sports display the characteristics of popular culture Soccer is the world's most popular sport. Folk cu...

Wilkinson 1 Shay Wilkinson Geography Camarillo December 11, 2024 Final Exam Study Guide Chapter 4- 4.3: Main Idea: the spread of organized sports display the characteristics of popular culture Soccer is the world's most popular sport. Folk custom inEngland and during the 19th century 1863- British teams formed an association to standardized rules, transitioning soccer from folk to popular culture. Olympic sports: Must be widely practiced in at least 75 countries and 4 continents Regionally distinctive sports: Cultural groups have their own preferred sports 4.9: Accessing Media ⅔ of all internet users live in countries where criticism of the government or military or ruling families are subject to censorship according to freedom on the net. Government feel threatened by increasing citizen awareness Banned technology- the government is not allowing certain phones/apps in their country if it's foreign. Ex: China Blocked content- 1) Political content that opposes current government; related to freedom of expression 2) Social content that is related to sexuality, gambling and illegal drugs and alcohol  Wilkinson 1 Violated user rights- governments are threatening jail time and physical harm to stop citizens from using certain technology. 5.1 Classifying Language Language: system of communication through speech - The world has over 7,000 spoken languages Institutional: used in education, work, mass media. Has literal tradition Developing: spoken in daily use by people of all ages and has a literary tradition Vigorous: spoken in daily use but lacks literary tradition Threatened: face-to-face communication Dying: still in use by older people but not being transmitted World languages can be organized into family branches and groups Family: existed before recorded history Branches: collected of languages in a family with a common ancestral language 5.2 Language Families Languages with literary tradition are most frequently written using 1 of the 4 writing systems: Cyrillic, Latin, Arabic, Chinese Turkic- spoken between China & turkey, mostly widely used turkic language Indo-european- most widely spoken family; English belongs to it Uralic- used by the people in the mountain of modern day russia; spread throughout Europe Sino-tibetan- language of China & neighboring countries; no single spoken chinese language; most common, Madrian Korean- each letter has a sound; more than half of the vocab comes from Chinese words Japanese: written using chinese characters and phonetic symbols Austro-asiatic- vietnamese most popular, uses latin writing system. Alphabet created by roman catholic missionaries  Wilkinson 1 Austronesian- official language of madagascar; spoken in indonesia Dravidian- spoken in southern india 5.3- Indo european- divided into 8 branches: Albanian, armenian, balto-slavic, celtic, germanic, greek, indo-iranian, romance Hindi is india's official language; belongs to indo-european 5.4- England speaks english because of migration from from angles, saxons, jutes, vikings and others 5.5- The Leading Lingua Franca Lingua Franca- language mutually understood Pidgin language: simplified adoption of a lingua franca More than half of the content on the internet is english - English is the official language of 58 countries 5.6 dialects: The u.s can be divided into dialect regions- Northern, midland, and southeastern U.k english differs from u.s english in 3 ways: 1) Vocabulary 2) Spelling 3) pronunciation 5.7 dialect or language: Organizations such as Ethnologue have guidelines for making determinations Official languages- countries establishes 1 dialect as the official country language Some africans speak a form of english known as ebonics Not unified with one another on accepting this classification  Wilkinson 1 5.8 Multilingual Places: - Switzerland has 4 official languages: german, french, italian and romansh - Belgium has 2 languages: french, flemish Nigeria has 521 languages spoken but only 3 are used of more than groups of 10 5.9 Extinct and Endangered languages: Extinct languages: languages no longer in use - The UN defines 2,465 endangered languages Isolated language: language unrelated to any other and not attached to a family