Female Reproductive Questions Part 2 PDF

**Section I: Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive System** **1. What hormone initiates the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary gland?**\ A) Estrogen\ B) Progesterone\ C) GnRH\ D) hCG\ E) Inhibin\ **Correct Answer:** C **2. Which hormone promotes the development of ovarian f...

**Section I: Hormonal Regulation of the Female Reproductive System** **1. What hormone initiates the release of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary gland?**\ A) Estrogen\ B) Progesterone\ C) GnRH\ D) hCG\ E) Inhibin\ **Correct Answer:** C **2. Which hormone promotes the development of ovarian follicles?**\ A) LH\ B) Estrogen\ C) Progesterone\ D) FSH\ E) hCG\ **Correct Answer:** D **3. What hormone triggers ovulation?**\ A) Progesterone\ B) FSH\ C) LH\ D) Estrogen\ E) GnRH\ **Correct Answer:** C **4. Which hormone is responsible for thickening the endometrium?**\ A) Progesterone\ B) Estrogen\ C) LH\ D) FSH\ E) Inhibin\ **Correct Answer:** B **5. What is the primary function of hCG during early pregnancy?**\ A) Stimulate follicle development\ B) Maintain the corpus luteum to ensure progesterone production\ C) Trigger ovulation\ D) Promote uterine contractions\ E) Regulate GnRH secretion\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section II: Menstrual Cycle** **6. During which phase of the menstrual cycle does the functional layer of the endometrium slough off?**\ A) Proliferative phase\ B) Secretory phase\ C) Menses\ D) Ovulation\ E) Luteal phase\ **Correct Answer:** C **7. What happens during the proliferative phase of the menstrual cycle?**\ A) The functional layer is shed\ B) The functional layer proliferates in response to estrogen\ C) The corpus luteum secretes progesterone\ D) Ovulation occurs\ E) The basal layer hypertrophies\ **Correct Answer:** B **8. What characterizes the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle?**\ A) Maturation and secretion of uterine glands\ B) Sloughing off of the endometrium\ C) Formation of the Graafian follicle\ D) Ovulation\ E) Regression of the corpus luteum\ **Correct Answer:** A **9. Which hormone is at its highest levels during the secretory phase?**\ A) Estrogen\ B) Progesterone\ C) LH\ D) FSH\ E) hCG\ **Correct Answer:** B **10. What causes the LH surge before ovulation?**\ A) Low levels of estrogen\ B) High levels of progesterone\ C) Increasing levels of estrogen stimulating the hypothalamus\ D) Declining levels of GnRH\ E) High levels of inhibin\ **Correct Answer:** C **Section III: Female Reproductive Physiology** **11. What marks the onset of puberty in females?**\ A) Formation of the corpus luteum\ B) Menarche and increased GnRH levels\ C) Increase in hCG secretion\ D) Regression of follicles\ E) Cessation of menstrual cycles\ **Correct Answer:** B **12. What is the main function of inhibin in the female reproductive system?**\ A) Stimulate GnRH release\ B) Inhibit FSH secretion\ C) Promote follicle maturation\ D) Trigger ovulation\ E) Increase estrogen production\ **Correct Answer:** B **13. What is the typical length of the menstrual cycle?**\ A) 14 days\ B) 21 days\ C) 28 days\ D) 35 days\ E) 40 days\ **Correct Answer:** C **Section IV: Fertilization and Early Pregnancy** **14. Where does fertilization typically occur?**\ A) Ovary\ B) Ampulla of the uterine tube\ C) Isthmus of the uterine tube\ D) Cervix\ E) Uterus\ **Correct Answer:** B **15. What structure secretes hCG after implantation?**\ A) Corpus luteum\ B) Trophoblast\ C) Ovarian follicle\ D) Basal layer of the endometrium\ E) Uterine glands\ **Correct Answer:** B **16. How long can sperm cells remain viable in the female reproductive tract?**\ A) 12 hours\ B) 24 hours\ C) 3 days\ D) 6 days\ E) 10 days\ **Correct Answer:** D **17. What happens to the secondary oocyte during fertilization?**\ A) It completes meiosis II\ B) It divides into multiple zygotes\ C) It begins meiosis I\ D) It forms a polar body without fertilization\ E) It stops at metaphase I\ **Correct Answer:** A **18. What is the first structure to form after the union of sperm and oocyte nuclei?**\ A) Zygote\ B) Blastocyst\ C) Embryo\ D) Morula\ E) Corpus luteum\ **Correct Answer:** A **Section V: Pregnancy and Hormonal Changes** **19. During pregnancy, which hormone increases most rapidly near the end?**\ A) Progesterone\ B) Estrogen\ C) hCG\ D) FSH\ E) LH\ **Correct Answer:** B **20. What produces progesterone during the second trimester of pregnancy?**\ A) Corpus luteum\ B) Placenta\ C) Trophoblast\ D) Basal layer of the endometrium\ E) Uterine glands\ **Correct Answer:** B **21. What occurs during an ectopic pregnancy?**\ A) Fertilization fails to occur\ B) Implantation occurs outside the uterine cavity\ C) The zygote divides abnormally\ D) Ovulation does not happen\ E) The endometrium fails to develop\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section VI: Menopause and Aging** **22. What causes menopause?**\ A) Increase in progesterone levels\ B) Decrease in hCG levels\ C) Follicles becoming insensitive to LH and FSH\ D) Overproduction of estrogen\ E) Increased secretion of inhibin\ **Correct Answer:** C **23. Which hormone levels are elevated during menopause?**\ A) Estrogen\ B) Progesterone\ C) LH and FSH\ D) GnRH\ E) hCG\ **Correct Answer:** C **24. What symptom is commonly associated with menopause?**\ A) Increased fertility\ B) Enhanced uterine contractions\ C) Hot flashes and irritability\ D) Elevated hCG levels\ E) Enhanced follicular growth\ **Correct Answer:** C **25. How much does the uterus decrease in size within 15 years after menopause?**\ A) 10%\ B) 25%\ C) 50%\ D) 75%\ E) 100%\ **Correct Answer:** C **Section VII: Female Sexual Response** **26. Which nervous system is involved in the female sexual response?**\ A) Sympathetic only\ B) Parasympathetic only\ C) Both sympathetic and parasympathetic\ D) Central nervous system only\ E) Somatic nervous system only\ **Correct Answer:** C **27. What physiological change occurs during the female sexual response?**\ A) Decrease in blood flow to the vaginal opening\ B) Erection of the clitoris and nipple\ C) Relaxation of uterine muscles\ D) Inhibition of mucus secretion\ E) Constriction of the endometrium\ **Correct Answer:** B **28. What process allows sperm to penetrate the oocyte?**\ A) Fertilization\ B) Capacitation\ C) Menarche\ D) Ovulation\ E) Implantation\ **Correct Answer:** B **Section VIII: Additional Questions** **29. Which hormone prevents ovulation during pregnancy?**\ A) Estrogen\ B) Progesterone\ C) hCG\ D) LH\ E) FSH\ **Correct Answer:** B **30. Which hormone contributes to the hypertrophy of the endometrium during the luteal phase?**\ A) Progesterone\ B) Estrogen\ C) FSH\ D) LH\ E) hCG\ **Correct Answer:** A