Fashion Exam Notes PDF

FASHION EXAM NOTES Human-centred design Human -centred design is a design approach that prioritises the needs, preferences, and experiences of people throughout the design process. It aims to create solutions that are practical, relevant, and meaningful for the end-users. The core idea is to involv...

FASHION EXAM NOTES Human-centred design Human -centred design is a design approach that prioritises the needs, preferences, and experiences of people throughout the design process. It aims to create solutions that are practical, relevant, and meaningful for the end-users. The core idea is to involve users directly in the design process to ensure that the final product or solution aligns closely with their real-world needs and desires. 1. Empathy and understanding 2. User involvement 3. Iterative design 4. Contextual relevance 5. Usability and accessibility 6. Holistic perspectives 7. Problem solving …in interior 1. Personalised space planning 2. Ergonomics and comfort 3. Accessibility and inclusivity 4. Health and wellbeing 5. User feedback and iteration 6. Emotional and psychological impact Example of human-centred design: The Google Office Spaces Flexible workspaces / various types of workspaces to support different work styles and activities Ergonomic furniture / adjustable chairs and desks to accommodate different body types and preferences Health and wellness arrears / on-site fitness centres, nap pods, and healthy food options to support physical and mental health  Creative and inspiring environments / vibrant, stimulating design elements, and plenty of natural light to foster creativity and engagement Hierarchy of needs Design factors 1. Usability - measure how easy a product is to use 2. Functionality - ability of a product or system to perform its intended tasks 3. Ergonomics - the process of designing or arranging workplaces, products and systems to fit the the user 4. Accessibility - concept of whether a product or service can be used by everyone 5. Sustainability in design - considering fibres, fabrics, choice of energy used to create the product  6. Aesthetics - how consumers perceive and interact with a product Fibres Cotton Natural → cellulosic Staple (short length fibre) Aspects of construction process include - Preparing - Spinning - Weaving Features and characteristics - Strength → reasonably strong within the use of boundaries - Absorbency and hydrophobic → can absorb water up to 24-27 times its weight, can reduce surface energy and improve antibacterial capacity - Lusture → cotton hairs which tend to be circular in section are more lustrous than flattened hairs - Heat conductivity → lower thermal conductivity than other fibres, therefore its effective heat transfer - UV → quite effective at absorbing uv if unbleached  - Mould → moulds thrive on natural fibres therefore there is more of a chance of microbial damage with them - Feel → cool to the touch - Flammability → easily catches fire and the flames spread rapidly - Other → heat insulation properties, eco friendly, biodegradable Bamboo Natural → cellulosic Staple (short length fibre) Aspects to construction process include - Cutting stalks into thin strips - Planing them flat - drying the strips - Glueing, pressing and finishing Features and characteristics - Strength → one of the most versatile and sustainable materials, the average compressive strength is 14,000 pounds - Absorbency and hydrophobic → is hydrophobic and hydrophilic, meaning that its alternatively attracted to and repelled by water - Lustre → nice lustre, somewhat like cashmere or silk - Heat conductivity → poor heat conductor but good heat insulation - UV → provides natural protection, bamboo shirts blocking out over 98% of harmful uv rays - Mould → naturally odour resistant, antibacterial properties of the plant allows it to resist mould and mildew - Feel → luxuriously soft - Flammability → flammable but potentially fire-resistant depending on the materials treatment and processing - Other → crucial in the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the atmosphere Wool Natural → protein Staple (short length fibre) Aspects to construction process include - Constructed by harvesting hairs of animals and spinning them into yarn - The yearn is weaved into garments and other forms of textiles - The five major aspects of processing into wool induce shearing, scouring from the sheep, sorting, dyeing, straightening, roiling, and combing Features and characteristics - Strength → quite strong and they last a long time - Absorbency and hydrophobic → can absorb up to 30% of its weight in water without feeling wet, also helps to remove sweat and absorbs odours - Lustre → little lustre due to its shorter staples - Heat conductivity → bad heat conductor - UV → absorbs UV radiation through the entire spectrum providing protection from the sun - Mould → mildew starts to grow on the wool when conditions are damp and warm for several days - Feel → soft and slightly greasy before its washed, it's also cosy and soft or sometimes itchy - Flammability → naturally flame resistant, if ignited it usually has a low burning rate and may self-extinguish - Other → durable, biodegradable, moisture regulating Silk Natural → protein Filament (long length fibre) Aspects of construction process include - Made from the cocoons spun by the larvae of the silk moth  - Begins with the cultivation of silkworms and ends with the extraction of silk threads from the cocoons Features and characteristics - Strength → stronger than an equal thickness of steel wire and doesn’t show the phenomenon of yielding before breaking - Absorbency and hydrophobic → can absorb up to 30% of its weight in moisture while keeping the wearer comfortable and dry, not naturally hydrophobic but can be treated to repel water - Lustre → lots of lustre due to the triangular cross section of the filament - Heat conductivity → moderate meaning it can help regulate body temperature and provides warmth in cooler conditions and vice versa - UV → moderate, blocking some harmful ultraviolet rays however not as effective as some synthetic fabrics - Mould → naturally resistant to mould and mildew due to its absorbency and quick drying - Feel → smooth, soft and luxurious feel, described as being gentle and cool - Flammability → it can catch fire but does not burn as quickly as synthetic fabrics - Other → biodegradable and environmentally friendly, allows elasticity with losing its shape, hypoallergenic Rayon Man-made → regenerated Filament (long length fibre) Aspects of construction process include - Regenerated from wood pulp or cotton - Goes through a process that uses different chemicals and is shredded, churned and put into solutions and then filtered Features and characteristics - Strength → quite strong  - Absorbency and hydrophobic → takes longer than linen to dry but is still relatively fast - Lustre → has a shine and glossy look due to its chemical makeup - Heat conductivity → very good due to its chemical production - UV → as the fibres are tightly compacted it protects well from the sun - Mould → made from cellulosic fibres which are very vulnerable to mould but its chemical treatment makes it slightly less likely - Feel → smooth, similar to cotton or linen - Flammability → will burn and melt, highly flammable - Other → doesn’t insulate body heat to it is ideal for hot and humid climates Nylon Man-made → synthetic Filament (long length fibre) Aspects of product construction include - Carbon based chemicals found in coal and petroleum are placed in a high pressure environment Features and characteristics of fibres - Strength → very strong and durable due to the chemical bonds in the fabric - Absorbency and hydrophobic → is hydrophobic meaning it can absorb and hold onto water, has hydrogen bonds in which it attracts the oxygen bonds found in water - Lustre → can be lustrous, semi-lustrous, or dull - Heat conductivity → can keep your body warm though when exposed to heat can easily melt - UV → absorbs radiation from the sun - Mould → resistant to mould and mildew  - Feel → relatively soft and has a shine to it, not breathable but still has a similar softness to cotton - Flammability → made of many chemicals making it flammable - Other → has a stretch to it, first lab made fabric Polyester Man-made → synthetic Filament (long length fibre) Aspects of construction process include - PET plastic pellets are melted and extruded through tiny holes to form long threads which are then cooled to harden into fibre - This is called melt spinning Features and characteristics - Strength → stronger than cotton, greater ability to stretch - Absorbency and hydrophobic → high, used specifically for its high strength and durability - Lustre → tends to be more matte - Heat conductivity → poor conductor of heat - UV → very good job at disrupting UV light - Mould → high desistance form mould and mildew as most man-made fibres - Feel → smooth and lightweight, slight silkiness however it feels less natural - Flammability → harder to burn than natural fibres however when it catches fire it melts - Other → strong, resilient and durable, resistance to shrinking and stretching Acrylic Man-made → synthetic Filament (long length fibre) but can be cut into staples (short length fibre)  Aspects of construction process include - Dry or wet spinning extrusion processes - Crimp to make long, thin filaments that can be spun into yarn Features and characteristics - Strength → moderate - Absorbency and hydrophobic → low moisture absorbency and dries relatively fast, neither hydrophobic nor hydrophilic - Lustre → low depended upon the spinneret - Heat conductivity → good heat insulation properties - UV → high resistance to UV degradation - Mould → high resistance from mould, mildew and miro-organisms - Feel → lightweight, soft and warm with a wool like feel - Flammability → less flammable than cotton but more flammable than polyester and wool - Other → very soft and lightweight