Exam 1 Study Guide PDF

Summary

This document is a study guide for an exam in developmental psychology. It outlines key topics and terms that students should know, such as biological, cognitive, and socioemotional development, and specific examples are given.

Full Transcript

EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE The following are topics and terms you should know from each lecture. 50 multiple choice (2pts each); 3 extra credit (2 points each) GENERAL TIPS:  Send an email or come to office hours– there’s n...

EXAM 1 STUDY GUIDE The following are topics and terms you should know from each lecture. 50 multiple choice (2pts each); 3 extra credit (2 points each) GENERAL TIPS:  Send an email or come to office hours– there’s no such thing as an unworthy question!  Remember that your lowest exam grade will be dropped   Take a deep breath. You know stuff  The Lifespan Perspective (Section 1)  Be able to define/know: o Difference between biological, cognitive, and socioemotional development o Chronological vs biological age o Nature vs nurture debate  Erikson’s psychosocial theory of development o Know first stage is trust vs. mistrust; second is autonomy vs. shame and doubt  Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory of development (review the image of the model!) o The different systems (microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, etc…)  As the benefits of evolutionary selection decrease with age, the need for culture increases. Beginnings (Section 2)  Be able to define/know: o DNA (double helix containing genetic info) o Fertilization is (egg and sperm combining) o Phenotype (how genotype is expressed in observed and measurable characteristics) o Susceptibility and longevity genes o The epigenetic view o Teratogen (and be able to provide example) o Proximodistal and cephalocaudal patterns of development o Post-partum depression o IVF (in-vitro fertilization) o Three stages of prenatal development (germinal, embryonic, fetal)  Difference between fraternal (two eggs fertilized by two different sperms) and identical twins (single egg that was fertilized by a single sperm)  Difference between passive genotype-environment correlation, evocative genotype- environment correlation, and active (niche-picking) genotype-environment correlation) o Be able to read an example and know which of the 3 it is  Know what happens during the third stage of the birth process  APGAR test is given moments after birth to assess baby wellness  Four lobes of the brain (frontal, partial, occipital, temporal) and their functions  Understand and recognize examples of normative age-graded influences (e.g., menopause), normative history-graded influences (e.g., Great depression), and non-normative life events (e.g., death of a parent as a child) Infancy (Section 3)  Be able to define/know: o Reflexes and what each one is (Moro, rooting, sucking, grasping) o Difference between gross vs fine motor skills o Pincer vs palmer grasp o Implicit vs explicit memory o Infantile amnesia o Receptive vs spoken vocabulary  Piaget’s cognitive processes o Assimilation & accommodation o Schema o Object permanence  The visual cliff experiment was used to measure depth perception  Describe Chess and Thomas’s 3 temperament styles (easy, difficult, slow to warm up)  Recognize Strange Situation attachment styles (especially secure and insecure avoidant)

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