EVT61704 Chp 7 Energy PDF

EVT61704 Sustainable Event Management Chapter 7 Energy 1. Energy Sources 2. Usage Planning & Processes 2 The need for energy causes fossil fuel (coal, gas, oil) extraction and combustion, which contributes significantly to escalating GHGs and affecting resulting in negative effects on climate change...

EVT61704 Sustainable Event Management Chapter 7 Energy 1. Energy Sources 2. Usage Planning & Processes 2 The need for energy causes fossil fuel (coal, gas, oil) extraction and combustion, which contributes significantly to escalating GHGs and affecting resulting in negative effects on climate change. Most events are reliant on power, which is required: To operate venues, stadia, concert halls To power stage lighting and equipment To chill drinks and cook food To heat or cool buildings To maintain climate control of temporary structures Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 3 More than 80% of the world’s energy supply comes from fossil fuels, coal and peat, natural gas and oil. The remaining comes from hydro (2.4%), nuclear (4.8%), biofuels and waste (10.3%). Others such as solar, wind and geothermal accounts for 1.4% Non-Renewable Energy Definition: Non-renewable Resources are resources that are finite and will deplete over a lifetime. They are consumed at a rate faster than they can be reproduce, many of these resources take millions of years to replenish. Examples include: Electricity Coal Natural gas Oil Nuclear Energy Combined Heat & Power https://www.buschsystems.com/resource-center/knowledgeBase/glossary/what-are-non-renewable-resources Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 4 More than 80% of the world’s energy supply comes from fossil fuels, coal and peat, natural gas and oil. The remaining comes from hydro (2.4%), nuclear (4.8%), biofuels and waste (10.3%). Others such as solar, wind and geothermal accounts for 1.4% Renewable Energy Definition: Renewable energy, often referred to as clean energy, comes from natural sources or processes that are constantly replenished. Examples include: Solar Wind Geothermal Biomass Anaerobic Digestion Landfill Gas Green Gas Kinetic energy Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) https://www.nrdc.org/stories/renewableenergy-clean-facts#sec-whatis 5 Compare Renewable and Non-Renewable energy sources in this video https://youtu.be/Htl2gnwAEuI 6 Energy Efficiency Definition: Energy efficiency simply means using less energy to perform the same task – that is, eliminating energy waste Example: Energy-saving light bulbs, smart thermostats. Replacing traditional incandescents light bulbs with LED light bulbs which uses 25%-80% less energy and last 3-25 times longer Energy Conservation Definition: Energy conservation is the decision and practice of using less energy. Examples: Turning off the light when you leave the room, unplugging appliances when they’re not in use What is the difference?  Energy efficiency, on the other hand, involves using technology that requires less energy to perform the same function  Energy conservation involves using less energy by changing or adjusting behaviors and habits. https://www.energy.gov/energysaver/save-electricity-and-fuel/lighting-choices-save-you-money/how-energy-efficient-light https://www.constellation.com/energy-101/what-is-energy-conservation.html 7 Which is more energy efficient? Why? 8 Events have a part to play – no matter the type of venue or event, its location or size. Event organisers have the opportunity to make decisions that can reduce the demand for energy and the production of GHGs Suggestions for minimizing energy impact at events:  Use renewable energy  Use energy efficient equipment  Accurately estimate power needs  Assess available mains power supply  Specify correct mobile power generators  Monitor usage of power efficiently for event operations  Monitor and analyse usage for future reduction Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 9 Fundamentals of sustainable energy management     Use Renewable Energy Sources Limit reliance on fossil fuel-based energy supply Ensuring energy efficiency in equipment use and building operations Engaging commitment by energy users Consider the following: 2. Reduce Energy 1. Stop Fossil Fuel Demand Addiction – Fossil fuel extraction impacts on biodiversity, agriculture, community and health, climate change and increases GHG emissions. through use of:  Energy efficient equipment  Smart power planning  Power down policies  Thoughtful distribution of temporary generators for optimised operations and fuel efficiency Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 3. Change Usage Habits through use of:  Engage and influence for “buy in” from various parties (contractors, suppliers, etc)  Influence attendees by highlighting issues surrounding climate change  Promote energy efficiency and renewable energy 10 Recommendations for event organisers: 1. Install own renewable energy generation 2. Temporary generators using renewable fuels 3. Zero emissions options such as solar, wind, pedal 4. Renewable energy innovations such as hydrogen fuel cell or kinetic energy 5. Source a renewable energy tariff from mains energy supply Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 11 Benefits to event organisers: 1. Reduced Costs  Indoor events – savings from venue charges on power use  Outdoor events – temporary power generators from controlled hours of usage 2. Reputation  Positioning event as market leader with use of renewable energy or zero emissions innovative equipment  Positive image (trendy) as event offered to showcase renewable energy innovations  Attract positive attention when used as platform to promote energy conservations in action Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 3. Compliance  Fulfil best practice set by industry requirements  Satisfy expectations of funding partners/sponsors, venue owners or attendees 12 1. Energy Sources 2. Usage Planning & Processes 13 Sustainable energy management should be a priority for all venues and event managers. Looking for ways to run events more energy efficiently and to provide efficient temporary power to events will bring about the twin benefits of cost savings and reduced GHGs. The Bicycle Generator is based around the hub motor. The hub motor is usually used in electric bicycles. The motor can produce upto 350 watt at 36 volts but we are only using a 100 watt from the hub motor. Cycling this bicycle for one minute would give you 10 minutes of charging for your phone. So to charge your phone for an hour only requires 6 minutes of cycling. Biji-biji Initiative Phone Charging Bicycle Generator Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) https://youtu.be/s5gbjMSZ45A https://www.biji-biji.com/pages/energyplayground 14 The purpose for an Energy Plan could be categorized as follows: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/227069769_MCDA_and_Energy_Planning/figures 15 To plan an energy efficient and low GHG event, it is advisable to:  know the type energy supply that will be used  understanding the demand (amount required) Steps for energy planning are as follows: 1.Identify energy sources 2.Estimate demand 3.Include efficiency and conservation into event design 4.Manage and monitor energy usage 5.Measure energy consumption 6.Analyse for future planning Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 16 If the power users (production crew, technicians, caterers, on-site stall vendors, exhibitors) do not follow the event’s power plan, then all planning efforts will be wasted. Monitoring power usage include: 1. Power down (switch off) equipment as planned 2. Ensure only listed equipment needing power to be used at all stages of event 3. Temperature control is monitored 4. Keep doors and windows closed when heating/cooling system is switched on 5. Power generators are switched off completely at planning times Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 17 Discuss if there are any deterrents for the implementation of this as an energy sources READING: Chp 6 Glastonbury Festival uses Pee Power Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 18 Glastonbury Festival has been using renewable energy (wind and sun) to power the big top for 30 years. Discuss the challenges for implementing this at other events in urban settings. Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 19 Shambala Festival Shambala takes place across four days on the August Bank Holiday Weekend at the Northamptonshire countryside. The variety and quality of entertainment on offer is staggering for a festival of its size. With over 200 diverse musical acts across 12 live stages, world-class cabaret, an amazing array of workshops, stand-up comedy, inspirational talks and debates, jaw dropping circus and acrobatics, interactive theatre and nationally acclaimed poetry all housed in beautifully decorated venues.. Shambala is a special place where you play, revitalise, make lots of new friends and return to the world fuelled-up on the beauty of being alive. As well as being known as a “legendary party”, it is also an award winning green event. https://www.shambalafestival.org/the-big-green-round-up-2019/ Source: Event Sustainability Management (Jones, 2018) 20 Discuss the message of the “Save Power” campaign by Bahrain Ministry of Electricity & Water https://www.behance.net/gallery/2634897/Bahrain-Ministry-of-Electricity-WaterSave-Power 21