Male Sex Hormones - ERD-209 - Sohag University - PDF
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This document covers the topic of male sex hormones, including testosterone, their physiological effects, and clinical uses. It also details various preparations, clinical indications, adverse reactions, and contraindications. It's part of a larger study guide, possibly from a medical course at Sohag University.
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ERD-209 5 Male sex hormones ILOS 1. Outline mechanism of action of testosterone. 2. Identify therapeutic uses of synthetic androgen, their adverse effects and contraindications. 3. Identify uses and adverse effects of antiandrogen...
ERD-209 5 Male sex hormones ILOS 1. Outline mechanism of action of testosterone. 2. Identify therapeutic uses of synthetic androgen, their adverse effects and contraindications. 3. Identify uses and adverse effects of antiandrogen Testosterone Synthesized mainly in testis and very small amount in adrenal cortex and ovaries Its secretion in testis is controlled by anterior pituitary hormones (ICSH) which in turn is controlled by hypothalamus (ICRH) Converted in the body to dihydrotestosterone (active form) Physiological and pharmacological actions 1. Development & maintenance of secondary sex organs & characters 2. Anabolic action 3. Water & salt retention 4. Sebaceous gland growth & secretion Preparation 1. Testosterone is Less effective orally as inactivated by the liver 2. Methyltestosterone (long duration and active orally) 3. Nandrolone and oxymetholone (High anabolic and low androgenic effect) Clinical indications Replacement therapy in hypogonadism in males such as cryptorchidism, delayed puberty and impotence Increase protein synthesis and enhance muscle development in debilitating and wasting condition, osteoporosis, illegacy by some athletes to increase muscle bulk. Page 351 Faculty Of Medicine – Sohag University ERD-209 Adverse reactions 1. Cholestatic jaundice and hepatocellular carcinoma with long use 2. Salt and water retention (edema) 3. Infertility in men, disturbance growth in children & masculization in females Contraindications 1. Breast cancer in males 2. Prostatic cancer 3. Used with caution in: - Heart failure - Liver dysfunction - DM - Hypercalcemia Antiandrogens Receptor antagonist 1-Flutamide and Bicalutamide: Competitive antagonist of dihydrotestosterone for androgen receptors Treatment of metastatic prostatic cancer in combination with GnRH analog (leuprolide) S.E: mild gynecomastia and mild reversible hepatic toxicity 2-Cyproterone acetate A derivative of progesterone and a partial agonist at & androgen receptors which compete with dihydrotestosterone for these androgen receptors Depress synthesis of gonadotropin Used mainly to decrease excessive sexual desire in men & treat hirsutism in females Page 352 Faculty Of Medicine – Sohag University ERD-209 5 α - reductase inhibitors Finasteride A specific inhibitor of steroid 5 α - reductase which catalyzes conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosteroene Used in 1. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (reduce prostatic size & improve urinary flow but α 1 blocker is more effective) 2. Treatment of androgenic alopecia S.E: Impotence is infrequent side effect. References ▪ First Aid for The Basic Science Organ Systems. (2017),3rd ed. Pp. 741-743. Page 353 Faculty Of Medicine – Sohag University
