Enzymes Lab 1-1 PDF

Enzymes Section one : Effect of inhibitor concentration on enzyme activity  enzyme : is a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein. It speeds up the rate of a specific chemical reaction in the cell. The enzyme is not destroyed during the reaction and is used over and over. A cell...

Enzymes Section one : Effect of inhibitor concentration on enzyme activity  enzyme : is a biological catalyst and is almost always a protein. It speeds up the rate of a specific chemical reaction in the cell. The enzyme is not destroyed during the reaction and is used over and over. A cell contains thousands of different types of enzyme molecules, each specific to a particular chemical reaction. Inhibitors Enzyme inhibitors are compounds which modify the catalytic properties of the enzyme and, therefore, slow down the reaction rate, or in some cases, even stop the catalysis. Such inhibitors work by blocking or distorting the active site. Enzyme inhibition can be categorized in two types: competitive and noncompetitive.  competitive inhibitor: inhibitor compete with enzymes to get attached at active site.They block the site of enzymes. non competitive inhibitors : non competitive inhibitor changes the shape of active site of enzyme after binding at allosteric sites. Catalases, heme enzymes, which catalyze decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen, belong to the antioxidant defense system of the cell. Copper sulfate is an inorganic chemical compound and a heavy metal. solution, breaking down the cysteine bonds and displacing the hydrogen ions in the solution. Causing it to lose the ability to catalyze reactions so Copper sulfate considered as non-competitive inhibitor, which reduces the activity of an enzyme by binding to its allosteric site. This causes the enzyme’s active site to change in conformation so that the substrate can no longer bind to the active site as it no longer shares specificity Effect of inhibitor concentration on catalase activity: 1- material Potato Hydrogen peroxide 9% Cuso4 water Practical procedure Procedure: Obtain six tubes and label each tube with a number from 1 to 6. 1. Place the tubes from left (tube #1) to right (tube #6) in the first row of a test tube rack. 2. Add to 1 ml of potato juice (catalase) to each tube. 3. Add 4 ml of hydrogen peroxide to each of the six tubes. 4. Add 2 ml of water to tube 1. 5. Add 5 drops of 0.1 M CuSO4 solution to tube.2 Mix and wait exactly 5 mintues. 6. Add 5 drops of 0.25 M CuSO4 solution to tube 3. Mix and wait exactly 5 mintues. 7. Add 5 drops of 0.5 M CuSO4 solution to tube 4. Mix and wait exactly 5 mintues. 8. Add 5 drops of 0.75 M CuSO4 solution to tube 5. Mix and wait exactly 5 mintues. 9. Add 5 drops of 1M CuSO4 solution to tube 5. Mix and wait exactly 5 mintue 10.Measure the height of the bubble column (in millimeters) in each tube and record your observations in Table 5 Results Test Tube number The height of the bubble column Tube no.1 Tube no.2 Tube no.3 Tube no.4 Tube no.5 Tube no.6 Observation : Copper sulphate inhibit the activity of catalase