ENGLISH REVIEWER PDF

ENGLISH REVIEWER Three forms of Claims Claim ⁃ a single statement ⁃ the topic of an argument ⁃ not a question ⁃ phrased against the status ⁃ the central argument or thesis statement of the text. It is what the writer tries to prove in the text by providing details, explanation, and other types...

ENGLISH REVIEWER Three forms of Claims Claim ⁃ a single statement ⁃ the topic of an argument ⁃ not a question ⁃ phrased against the status ⁃ the central argument or thesis statement of the text. It is what the writer tries to prove in the text by providing details, explanation, and other types of evidence. Claim of Fact Statement of something that has existed (past), exists (present) or will exist (future) Ex. The oldest known disease in the world is leprosy Claim of Value Based on preference such as likes/dislikes (good or bad) Ex. Capital punishment is unjust Claim of Policy Statement that indicate that an action must be taken in specific policies Ex. Congress should pass the dream act To assert (Verb) to state something confidently and forcefully as a fact, often without needing to provide immediate evidence or proof certainty the statement will be accepted or taken seriously to present a statement with conviction, as though it is true, regardless of whether others agree or whether evidence is provided upfront Ex. The Earth orbits the Sun A confident claim about something, often implying it could be fact - checked To opine (Verb) to express a personal opinion or belief about something to share a personal view, often signaling that it’s open to interpretation or disagreement Ex. Summer is the best season Subjective and reflects personal belief MODAL VERBS Is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality - that u likelihood, ability, permission, possibility List of Modal Verbs Can Would Could Shall May Should Might Ought to Will Must A modal verb does not add s or es to the third person singular. Simple I could work Continuous I could be working Perfect I could have worked Perfect continuous I could have been working Use of Can Ability/possibility - They can control their own work Impossibly - We can’t fix it Asking for permission - Can I bring it here? Request - Can you help me? Could Permission - Could I borrow your dictionary? Request - Could you say it again more slowly? Possibility - I think we could have another tea Future - I wish kevin could meet me next week Ability - He gave up his old job so he could work for us May Permission - May I have another cup of tea? Possibility - I may finish my homework Might Possibility - We’d better phone tomorrow, they might be eating their dinner now Ought to Saying what’s right or correct - She ought to finish by next week Shall Offer - Shall I help you with your luggage? Suggestion - Shall we say 2.30 then? Permission - Shall I do that or will you? Should Saying what’s right or correct - We should solve this problem Possibility - Fees should decrease next year Will Decisions - I can’t see any taxis so I’ll walk Offer - I’ll do that for you if you like Promise - I’ll come back on Monday Would Permission - Would you mind if I brought a friend with me? Request - Would you mind waiting a moment? Invitation - Would you like to play basketball this Friday? Active Voice Occurs when a clear subject performs a clear action Passive Voice Occurs when one uses a “to-be” (am, is, are, was, were, be, being, been) with a past tense verb Research Is an imperative area in not just the field of education, but in other fields as well Campaign This can be a single ad or a series of ads Campaign speech is basically a well-planned speaking activity It is usually a social or political in nature 5 Dimensions of Campaign Awareness Raising this is to intended t make the problem to be addressed known by the general public Research Another dimension that is based on research, since it provides the necessary knowledge to take action Social Mobilization These are used by grassroots-based social movements, but also as a tool for the elite and the state itself Training The process focused on a clear and specific target Lobbying An act to influence decisions made by officials in the government Advocacy Refers to an activities that argue, plead, support, or favor a certain cause Express their views, thoughts and concerns Access information, advice and guidance Explore choices and options for services and care The language of Campaign and Advocacy Clear: Easy to understand and remember no matter the audience Concise: Direct to the point without unnecessary insertions that may distract audiences from the main points Compelling: Catches your audience attention and inspires them to take applicable action Consistent: Repeatable and flexible enough to be incorporated into varying communications channels again and again Credible: Believable in that the messages are backed by proof points and incorporate supporting details to strengthen the key points Multimodal text Written language, spoken language, and visual, auditory, gestural, tactile, and spatial patterns of meaning are all modes Many text are multimodal, in which all the information is expressed by integrating different or even more modes Types of Multimodal Texts Live multimodal text, for example dance, performance, and oral storytelling, convey meaning through combinations of various modes such as gestural, spatial, audio and oral language. Digital multimodal text include film, animation, slide shows, e-posters Impromptu Speech delivered with little or no time preparation Strategies in organizing and delivering an impromptu speech 1. Past, Present, Future 2. Point - Reason - Example/Explanation - Point Point - the topic you want to talk about Reasons - Why do you like the topic? Explanation - Elaborate your reasons about the topic Point - Leave a conclusion or lessons 3. Opening, Rule of three, Clincher