ENG & AP10 QTR2 PDF

ENGLISH 10 USING WORDS & EXPRESSION THAT AFFIRM OR NEGATE Affirmation - Confirms or declares that the task will be carried out - Factual or positive - Ex. Clearly, absolutely, definitely, certainly, obviously, probably, exactly, positively, surely, really, etc. Negation - Will...

ENGLISH 10 USING WORDS & EXPRESSION THAT AFFIRM OR NEGATE Affirmation - Confirms or declares that the task will be carried out - Factual or positive - Ex. Clearly, absolutely, definitely, certainly, obviously, probably, exactly, positively, surely, really, etc. Negation - Will not be carried out - False or negative - Almost, rarely, especially not, haven’t, didn’t, never, isn’t, not, invalidly, nobody, not at all, nothing, etc. NOTE: these two help us to make a certain decision and apply adverbs to add emphasis on your point. STATEMENT OF OPINION, CLAIMS OF FACTS, POLICY, & VALUE Opinion- person’s belief or take on a certain issue Plausible Opinion- supported by strong pieces of evidence/facts Keep in Mind: - Make sure you understand the issue - Identify the details or pieces of evidence that support your opinion - Make sure to consider opinions that are different from yours - Follow a logical structure when formulating your opinion - You may use: - I believe.. - Based on ___, I think that.. - I agree/I disagree… Claim: Speaker - Main topic of the argument Writer - Central statement of a text Claims of Fact ○ Status is believed to be true based on known or accepted facts ○ Based on Facts ○ Concrete pieces of evidence should support the paragraph explaining the claim Claims of Value  ○ Statements are designed to gauge the acceptability & desirability of a state or condition ○ To persuade the audience ○ Audience has a choice to not or believe them ○ Opinionated Claims of Policy ○ Explains the resolution or action to take in addressing the important issue ○ Direct proposal that uses various strategies to reach a conclusion or solution ○ “Should”, Rule WRITING AN EXPOSITION ON AN ISSUE Exposition Text - Compels the audience to be receptive to the issue & POV of the writer - Explains a concept, fact, or insight - Relies on accumulated research - Makes audience to be more open to the message Statement of position - Introduces that includes the background study of the topic Argument - Begins with a key argument that will give your audience an idea of where you stand regarding the issue Reinforcement of the statement of Position - Summation of your argument; call for action Language Features 1. Conjunctions - so, if, because & therefore 2. Thinking Verbs - Feel, know, agreed, believe, & think 3. Connective Words - In particular, finally, & firstly 4. Modal Verbs - Should, MIGHT, COULD, & CAN 5. Evaluative Expressions - best, largest, greatest, & important 6. Acknowledging Words - conclude, confirm, argue, maintain, reports insists 7. Adverbial Contrasts - Although, despide if, even though, however 8. Declarative Sentences - If you intended to make a statement 9. Rhetorical Questions - Not intended to be answered but used for effect ARGUMENTATIVE ESSAY Explains your stand on a particular issue PARTS 1. Introductory Paragraph - First paragraph should outline the topic  2. Thesis statement - One sentence, topic sentence, summary of your main point & claim 3. Body paragraph - Reasons why you support your Thesis 4. Conclusion - Summarizes all the arguments FEATURES/STEPS 1. Research about your argument 2. Think about the proposition (stand/opinion) 3. State your position 4. Structure your argument PATTERNS 1. Choose a credible source 2. Use personal experience (50/50 chance) 3. Utilize/ use facts 4. Use statistical data 5. Create associations 6. Develop logic 7. Assume Arguments COMPOSITION 1. Plan your essay 2. Organize your essay 3. Write clearly 4. Revise & Check ARALING PANLIPUNAN 10 01 MIGRASYON  - Paglipat ng isang indibidwal papunta sa ibang lugar (Permanent o temporary) Uri ng Migrasyon Internal (Panloob) ○ Sa loob ng bansa lamang/panloob na paglilipat ○ Katulad ng rural papunta sa urban areas External (Panlabas) ○ Sa labas ng bansa ang lumilipat/panlabas na paglilipat Uri ng Nagmimigrate Migrante Refuge - May choice - Walang choice - Temporary - Permanente - Pag migrante sa loob ng bansa - Pag migrate dahil walang choice (gera, etc.) Iba’t Ibang Dahilan sa Paglipat/ Migrante Politikal ○ Politikal na dahilan, Gobyerno Ekonomiko ○ Economic reasons, OFW Panlipunan ○ Panlipunang dahilan ○ Bagay na illegal sa sariling bansa kaya lilipat para makamit nila ○ Halimbawa: Same sex marriage Brain Drain — White collared jobs Brawn Drain — Blue collared jobs (skilled workers) 02 SULIRANING TERITORYAL Mga Elemento ng Isang Bansa - Mamamayan - Soberanya - Pamahalaan - Teritoryo PILIPINAS — 1987 konstitusyon ng republika ng Pilipinas, Artikulo 1: Ang Pambansang Teritoryo Exclusive Economic Growth Case → United Nations convention laws of sea (UNCLOS) 1994 UNCLOS- What made Philippines fight for their rights (West Philippine Sea) Permanent court of Attrition Zone - “ West Philippine sea is just for the Philippines” China - 10 dash line (historic rights) - There's a tension between china & the philippines because of this, they keep pushing the 10 dash line when they already signed the contract Geopolitics - Depende sa politiko kung paano ang takbo ng politics sa isang bansa 03 POLITIKAL DYNASTY SA PILIPINAS - Tumutukoy sa isang pamilyang politiko na namamahala sa isang lugar & naipasa sa kanilang pamilya ang tungkulin ginagampanan sa pamahalaan Thick — Iba ibang posisyon ang hinahawakan ng pamilya Thin — Isang posisyon ang hinahawakan ng pamilya (isang pamilya lamang) Botante - Parte ng masa Anti Political Dynasty law (2013) 04 GRAFT & CORRUPTION - Usually galing sa pamahalaan/gobyerno Graft - Pagkuha ng pera o posisyon sa paraang taliwas sa batas, madaya & questionable - Kabayaran sa isang pampublikong serbisyo (pagtanggap) Korruption - Pang Aabuso sa kapangyarihan ng mga tiwaling opisyal ng pamahalaan - Tax Evasion - Mga hindi nagbabayad ng buwis Ghost Projects & Cayrolls - Pekeng proyekto & pekeng employees - Ginagamit ang mga pangalan ng mga manggagawa ngunit hindi totoo(payroll)  - Hindi ginagawa ng mga proyekto pero pinondohan ng gobyerno (Ghost Project) Evasion Of Public Bidding - Maling Bidding - Hindi pinoproseso sa bidding ang pagbili ng kagamitan para sa isang proyekto Nepotism & Favoritism - Padrino System - Pagbibigay ng pabor sa mga anak o kakilla upang makapasok sa posisyon & dahilan upang madaling mapromote dahil sipsip - Cronyism (Mga kalapit ni Marcos dati) Extrusion - Pangingikil - Sapilitang paghingi ng pera - Blackmail; bayaran na lang kaysa mauwi sa ksao Protection Money - TONG - Ibabayad ang mga taya o pulis upang hindi mahuli - Pagbabayad sa gobyerno upang hindi mahuli/makaso/makulong Bribery - Pag-aalok, pagbibigay o paghingi ng anumang bagay na may halaga (SUHOL) upang mapadali ang proseso sa isang opisina ng pamahalaan - Red tape (fixer) (Anti-Red tape Act 2015) - Binabayaran upang mapabilis ang proseso ng mga dokumento Embezzlement - Paglutsay o maling paggamit ng pondo ng ahensya ng pamahalaan Fraud - Panloloko sa layuning makalamang o makakuha ng salapi o iba pang benepisyo Epekto ng Korapsyon - Yayaman ang pamahalaan - Naloko ang mga mamamayan