Building Management Systems Including HVAC Control PDF

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO Building Management Systems including HVAC Control  What is BMS? An intelligent micro-processor system which centralizes and simplifies controlling, monitoring, and operation management of heating, ventilation, air- conditioning and other bui...

UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO Building Management Systems including HVAC Control  What is BMS? An intelligent micro-processor system which centralizes and simplifies controlling, monitoring, and operation management of heating, ventilation, air- conditioning and other building services to achieve the proper temperature, moisture, and air circulation of the building for safe and comfortable working in environment Building Management Systems (BMS), also known as Building Automation Systems (BAS), are computer- based systems installed in buildings to control and monitor the building's mechanical and electrical equipment, such as HVAC, lighting, energy, fire systems, and security systems. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 2 W  BMS Controlling Air Handling Units The primary function is to regulate and circulate air throughout a building to maintain optimal indoor air quality and comfort. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 3 W  BMS Controlling Fan Coil Units used for local heating or cooling in individual rooms or zones within a building. It is a type of terminal unit that connects to a central heating or cooling system, where it conditions air through its fan and coil mechanism. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 4 W  BMS Controlling Chillers It is responsible for cooling the air or water that is used in the system for air conditioning or industrial cooling applications. Essentially, a chiller removes heat from a fluid and the cooled fluid is then circulated throughout a building or facility to provide cooling. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 5 W  BMS Controlling Pumps are responsible for moving fluids such as water, refrigerants, or air through various parts of the system to ensure proper operation. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 6 W  BMS Controlling Boilers responsible for heating water or producing steam, which is then circulated throughout a building or facility for heating, hot water production, or industrial processes. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 7 W  BMS Controlling VFD’s (Variable Frequency Drive) is an electronic device used to control the speed, torque, and operation of electric motors by adjusting the frequency and voltage supplied to the motor. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 8 W BMS UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 9 W HVAC UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 10 W BMS can remotely control heating and ventilation systems from a computer or mobile device, facility management staff do not have to physically walk to each building, floor, or room to shut down, switch on, or manually adjust mechanical devices. DECE TITLE Presentation 11  Importance of BMS in HVAC HVAC systems consume a significant amount of energy in commercial buildings, and hence, it is essential to optimize their performance to reduce energy costs. A BMS plays a crucial role in achieving this objective by providing centralized control and monitoring of HVAC systems. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 12 W The BMS can monitor various parameters such as temperature, humidity, air quality, and occupancy, and adjust the HVAC systems’ operation accordingly. For instance, if the BMS detects that a particular room is unoccupied, it can adjust the HVAC system’s temperature settings to save energy. Similarly, if the BMS detects that the air quality in a particular area is poor, it can increase the ventilation rates to improve indoor air quality. DECE TITLE Presentation 13 The BMS can also be programmed to operate the HVAC systems in different modes. For example, it can switch the system from cooling mode to heating mode and vice versa based on the building’s requirements. In addition, a BMS can be used for building automation tasks such as opening or closing doors, turning on lights and other electrical devices, and managing security systems. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 14 W  Components of BMS in HVAC Sensors are used to measure various parameters such as temperature, humidity, air quality, and occupancy. These sensors transmit data to the BMS, which uses this information to adjust the HVAC systems’ operation. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 15 W  Controllers are used to control the operation of HVAC systems based on the data received from sensors. For instance, a controller can adjust the fan speed, temperature settings, and ventilation rates of an HVAC system. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 16 W  Human-machine interface (HMI) is a graphical user interface that allows building managers to monitor and control the HVAC systems. The HMI provides real-time data on various parameters such as temperature, humidity, and energy consumption, allowing building managers to make informed decisions. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 17 W  Communication Networks are used to transmit data between various components of the BMS. These networks can be wired or wireless and use various protocols such as BACnet, Modbus, and LonWorks. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 18 W  Benefits of BMS in HVAC The benefits of a Building Management System (BMS) in HVAC systems are numerous and contribute significantly to improving energy efficiency, comfort, and operational control. A BMS integrates and automates the operation of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems, offering the following key advantages: UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 19 W  Energy Efficiency: By continuously monitoring and adjusting HVAC settings based on real-time data, a BMS helps reduce energy consumption. It can optimize heating and cooling schedules, ensure systems are running only when needed, and adjust for environmental conditions, ultimately lowering energy costs. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 20 W  Improved Comfort: BMS allows for precise control of temperature and air quality throughout a building. This ensures a consistent and comfortable environment for occupants, adjusting HVAC outputs as required based on occupancy or external weather changes. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 21 W  Remote Monitoring and Control: With BMS, operators can remotely monitor and control HVAC systems through a centralized dashboard. This makes it easier to identify and address issues quickly, leading to faster response times and minimizing downtime. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 22 W  Preventive Maintenance: A BMS can track the performance of HVAC components, providing alerts when maintenance is needed or when a system is operating inefficiently. This predictive maintenance helps extend the lifespan of equipment and reduces costly emergency repairs. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 23 W  Data-Driven Insights: BMS collects data on HVAC performance, which can be analyzed to identify patterns, inefficiencies, and opportunities for improvement. This data helps in making informed decisions to optimize system performance over time. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 24 W  Integration with Other Systems: A BMS can integrate HVAC with other building systems, such as lighting, security, and fire safety. This integrated approach can lead to more coordinated and efficient operations across the entire building. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 25 W  Regulatory Compliance: Many buildings are required to meet certain environmental and energy usage standards. A BMS can help ensure compliance with local regulations and sustainability goals by optimizing HVAC performance and tracking relevant metrics. Overall, implementing a BMS in HVAC systems helps to reduce operational costs, increase efficiency, and create a more comfortable and sustainable indoor environment. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 26 W  Integration with HVAC Benefits Energy Efficiency One of the primary reasons buildings implement HVAC systems with BMS is the significant improvement in energy efficiency. BMS allows for intelligent control and automation, ensuring that HVAC systems operate at optimal levels based on occupancy, external weather conditions, and other relevant factors. This results in reduced energy consumption and lower operational costs. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 27 W  Integration with HVAC Benefits Cost Savings The integration of HVAC with BMS contributes to long-term cost savings. By precisely managing and optimizing energy usage, building owners can reduce utility bills and extend the lifespan of HVAC equipment through efficient operation and maintenance. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 28 W  Integration with HVAC Benefits Enhanced Comfort BMS provides the ability to fine-tune environmental conditions, offering occupants a more comfortable and productive space. The system can adjust temperature, ventilation, and lighting levels in real-time, responding to changing occupancy patterns and preferences. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 29 W  Integration with HVAC Benefits Remote Monitoring and Control With BMS, facility managers can remotely monitor and control HVAC systems. This capability is particularly valuable for large or multi-site buildings, allowing for centralized management and quick response to issues, ultimately minimizing downtime. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 30 W  Integration with HVAC Benefits Data-driven Insights The integration of HVAC with BMS generates valuable data that can be analyzed to gain insights into building performance. This data-driven approach enables predictive maintenance, helping identify potential issues before they escalate, and optimizing system performance over time. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 31 W  Types of HVAC Systems Cooling & Heating Split Systems The traditional HVAC system used in the U.S. is the cooling and heating split system, commonly referred to as “central air.” It consists of an indoor unit with the furnace and evaporator coils and an outdoor unit that houses the compressor and condenser. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 32 W  Types of HVAC Systems Hybrid Split Systems The hybrid split HVAC system is a newer, more energy-efficient system for mild winter climates with moderate temperatures. They combine a traditional gas furnace with an electric air-source heat pump. The system then switches between gas and electric power to optimize efficiency based on the prevailing weather conditions. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 33 W  Types of HVAC Systems Ductless Mini-Splits The ductless mini-split is a newer and smaller version of the classic HVAC split system that works without ducts to circulate the air. Hence the name “ductless mini-split.” They have an outdoor unit containing the condenser coils and compressor and an indoor unit housing the evaporator coils and fan. Electrical wiring and refrigerant tubing connect the two units, delivering heated or cooled air directly to specific rooms. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 34 W  Types of HVAC Systems Packaged HVAC Systems Packaged HVAC systems combine all their components into a single outdoor unit. These are used in places with limited space for indoor HVAC components. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 35 W  Types of HVAC Systems Geothermal HVAC Geothermic HVAC systems are modern, highly efficient heating and cooling systems. They harness the naturally stable temperature of the earth itself for heating and cooling through a series of underground pipes. UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MINDANAO- MANAGEMENT REVIE 36 W