Elements of Poetry PDF

Introduction To Literary Texts Elements of Poetry Why read poetry? Reading poetry makes you go through an emotional experience. Poetry is when an emotion has found its thought, and the thought has found words. A poem is...

Introduction To Literary Texts Elements of Poetry Why read poetry? Reading poetry makes you go through an emotional experience. Poetry is when an emotion has found its thought, and the thought has found words. A poem is a work of literature that is written in separate lines, uses the sounds and rhythms and contains figurative language. A poem has 6 elements: Elements of Poetry 01 02 03 04 Form Rhythm Sound Figurative & Rhyme Devices Language Scheme 05 06 07 Mood & Diction Persona Tone 1) Form  Elements of Poetry 1) Form Structure/ Shape of a poem Similar to a sentence, except that writers aren’t obliged to use periods to end each line. It functions as a natural pause to signal a break in the flow. 1- Line This can be a tool to control the rhythm of a poem. The way these lines are broken up can greatly impact the overall essence of the poem. The equivalent of a paragraph in an essay or short story. It is composed 2- Stanza of a series of lines that are grouped together to form the structure of a poem. These lines may vary depending on the type of poem being crafted.  Elements of Poetry 1) Form Structure/ Shape of a poem 1- Line Couplet A pair of rhyming lines 2- Stanza Quatrain A stanza of 4 lines  Examples “Hope” is the thing with feathers BY Emily Dickinson That perches in the soul - And sings the tune without the words - And never stops - at all - } “Hope” is the thing with feathers – (poetic line) Stanza 1 Quatrain And sweetest - in the Gale - is heard - And sore must be the storm - That could abash the little Bird That kept so many warm – } Stanza 2 Quatrain  Elements of Poetry Forms of Poetry (according to theme) Lyrical Poetry A poem with one speaker who expresses strong thoughts & feelings. Narrative Poetry A poem that tells a story; its structure is similar to the plot line of a story. Descriptive Poetry A poem that describes the world surrounding the speaker. It uses elaborate imagery & adjectives.  Examples The Heart asks Pleasure first BY Emily Dickinson The Heart asks Pleasure—first— And then—Excuse from Pain— And then—those little Anodynes That deaden suffering— Lyrical And then—to go to sleep— And then—if it should be Poem The will of its Inquisitor The privilege to die—  Examples Annabel Lee BY Edgar Allan Poe It was many and many a year ago, In a kingdom by the sea, That a maiden there lived whom you may know By the name of Annabel Lee; And this maiden she lived with no other thought Than to love and be loved by me. Narrative I was a child and she was a child, Poem In this kingdom by the sea, But we loved with a love that was more than love— I and my Annabel Lee— With a love that the wingèd seraphs of Heaven Coveted her and me.  Examples I wandered lonely as a cloud BY William Wordsworth I wandered lonely as a cloud That floats on high o’er vales and hills, When all at once I saw a crowd, A host, of golden daffodils; Descriptive Beside the lake, beneath the trees, Fluttering and dancing in the breeze. Poem  Elements of Poetry Forms of Poetry (according to structure) Sonnet Ballad A 14-line poem and is usually written A narrative poem that has a in iambic pentameter. musical rhythm and can be sung. 2 basic types of sonnets: Petrarchan & It tells the tales of ordinary people. Shakespearean Epic A long narrative poem that tells the stories of legendary or historical heroes. Elegy A lyric poem of lamentation & mourning for the dead.  Examples When I do count the clock that tells the time BY William Shakespeare When I do count the clock that tells the time, And see the brave day sunk in hideous night; When I behold the violet past prime, And sable curls all silver’d o’er with white; When lofty trees I see barren of leaves Which erst from heat did canopy the herd, And summer’s green all girded up in sheaves Sonnet Borne on the bier with white and bristly beard, Then of thy beauty do I question make, That thou among the wastes of time must go, Since sweets and beauties do themselves forsake And die as fast as they see others grow; } Couplet And nothing ‘gainst Time’s scythe can make defence Save breed, to brave him when he takes thee hence.  Examples La Belle Dame Sans Merci BY John Keats I met a lady in the meads Full beautiful, a faery's child; Her hair was long, her foot was light, And her eyes were wild. Ballad I set her on my pacing steed, And nothing else saw all day long; For sideways would she lean, and sing A faery's song. 2) Rhythm & Rhyme Scheme  Elements of Poetry 2) Rhythm & Rhyme Scheme Rhythm A literary device which demonstrates the long and short patterns through stressed and unstressed syllables particularly in verse form. Rhyme Scheme The repetition of similar sounding words occurring at the end of lines in poems or songs.  Examples Because I could not stop for Death BY Emily Dickinson Because I could not stop for Death— He kindly stopped for me— The Carriage held but just Ourselves— And Immortality. 3) Sound Devices  Elements of Poetry 3) Sound Devices Repetition: the repetition of entire lines or phrases to emphasize key thematic ideas. Sylvia Plath “I took a deep breath and listened to the old brag of my heart. I am, I am, I am.” Internal Rhyme: the repetition of ending sounds within the same line. Lost on You By LP When you get older, plainer, saner  Elements of Poetry 3) Sound Devices Repetition: the repetition of entire lines or phrases to emphasize key thematic ideas. Internal Rhyme: the repetition of ending sounds within the same line. Alliteration Consonance Assonance the repetition of the repetition of the repetition of initial sounds consonant sounds vowel sounds in the same (anywhere in the (anywhere in the line or stanza middle or end of a middle or end of a line or stanza) line or stanza)  Examples The Raven BY Edgar Allan Poe Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore— While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door— Only this and nothing more.” Alliteration  Examples The Raven BY Edgar Allan Poe Once upon a midnight dreary, while I pondered, weak and weary, Over many a quaint and curious volume of forgotten lore— While I nodded, nearly napping, suddenly there came a tapping, As of some one gently rapping, rapping at my chamber door. “’Tis some visitor,” I muttered, “tapping at my chamber door— Only this and nothing more.” Alliteration  Examples The Tyger BY William Blake Tyger Tyger, burning bright, In the forests of the night; Consonance What immortal hand or eye, Could frame thy fearful symmetry?  Examples The Tyger BY William Blake Tyger Tyger, burning bright, In the forests of the night; Consonance What immortal hand or eye, Could frame thy fearful symmetry?  Examples The Tyger BY William Blake Tyger Tyger, burning bright, In the forests of the night; What immortal hand or eye, Assonance Could frame thy fearful symmetry? In what distant deeps or skies. Burnt the fire of thine eyes? On what wings dare he aspire? What the hand, dare seize the fire?  Examples The Tyger BY William Blake Tyger Tyger, burning bright, In the forests of the night; What immortal hand or eye, Assonance Could frame thy fearful symmetry? In what distant deeps or skies. Burnt the fire of thine eyes? On what wings dare he aspire? What the hand, dare seize the fire?  Elements of Poetry 3) Sound Devices Parallel structure: a form of repetition where the order of verbs and nouns is repeated; it may involve exact words, but it more importantly repeats sentence structure. Onomatopoeia: the use of a word where sound imitates or suggests its use or meaning.  Examples The Bells BY Edgar Allan Poe Oh, the bells, bells, bells! What a tale their terror tells Onomatopoeia Of Despair! How they clang, and clash, and roar! What a horror they outpour On the bosom of the palpitating air! Yet the ear it fully knows, By the twanging, And the clanging, How the danger ebbs and flows; Yet the ear distinctly tells, In the jangling, And the wrangling.”  Examples Memories BY Maroon 5 Everybody hurts sometimes Parallel Everybody hurts someday, Structure But everything gon' be alright  Examples A Dream Within a Dream BY Edgar Allan Poe Take this kiss upon the brow! And, in parting from you now, Parallel Thus much let me avow — Structure You are not wrong, who deem That my days have been a dream; Yet if hope has flown away In a night, or in a day, In a vision, or in none, Is it therefore the less gone? All that we see or seem Is but a dream within a dream. Thank You!