Eksamen 2023 høst - Innføring i HCI (Universitetet i Bergen) PDF
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Uploaded by ReasonedLesNabis
Universitetet i Bergen
2023
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Summary
This is a past paper for the HCI (Human-Computer Interaction) course from the University of Bergen, from the autumn of 2023. The paper includes both multiple-choice and free-form questions testing knowledge of HCI concepts. This exam paper tests relevant knowledge like user-centered design principles.
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lOMoARcPSD|50221188 Eksamen 2023 høst Innføring i HCI (Universitetet i Bergen) Skann for å åpne på Studocu Studocu er ikke sponset eller støttet av noen universitet eller høyskole Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) ...
lOMoARcPSD|50221188 Eksamen 2023 høst Innføring i HCI (Universitetet i Bergen) Skann for å åpne på Studocu Studocu er ikke sponset eller støttet av noen universitet eller høyskole Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI KANDIDAT 104 PRØVE INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI Emnekode INFO162 Vurderingsform Skriftlig eksamen Starttid 11.12.2023 15:00 Sluttid 11.12.2023 18:00 Sensurfrist -- PDF opprettet 14.03.2024 21:37 https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 1/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI Section 1: Multiple-Choice Questions Oppgave Tittel Oppgavetype 1 Q1: NASA-TLX Flervalg 2 Q2: ISO 9241 Flervalg 3 Q3: Evaluation Methods Flervalg 4 Q4: WIMP Flervalg 5 Q5: GOMS Flervalg 6 Q6: Keystroke Level Model (KLM) Flervalg 7 Q7: OmniVib (research project) Flervalg 8 Q8: Fitts' Law Flervalg 9 Q9: Nielsen's Usability Heuristics Flervalg 10 Q10: Experimental variables Flervalg 11 Q11: Augmented Reality (AR) Flervalg 12 Q12: Virtual Reality (VR) Flervalg 13 Q13: Cognitive Walkthrough: Flervalg 14 Q14: False affordance Flervalg Section 2: Free-Form Questions Oppgave Tittel Oppgavetype 15 Q15: Justify your design method(s) Langsvar 16 Q16: Recommender Systems Langsvar https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 2/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 17 Q17: Human‑Workspace Interaction Langsvar 18 Q18: Remote Intelligent Lab Langsvar 1 Q1: NASA-TLX NASA-TLX is an evaluation method/technique. What cannot be measured with this method? Memory Demand Mental Demand Temporal Demand 2 Q2: ISO 9241 According to ISO 9241-11:2018, what is the definition of “usability”? The extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use The extent to which a handheld device can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use The immediate nature of a product, and how it can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 3/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 3 Q3: Evaluation Methods Jane launched a new version of her e-commerce website and many users have e-mailed her complaining about the new design. Their main complaint is that the new design is confusing and hard to navigate. What evaluation methods should Jane use to improve her website’s design? Select one alternative: Jane should use AttrakDiff to measure the cognitive load score of her new design and compare it to the cognitive load score of her old website. If the cognitive load is higher for the new design she should use an open-ended questionnaire to identify what in the new design caused the higher cognitive load. Jane should use a Cognitive Walkthrough with a UX researcher to identify what parts of the new design might be confusing to users. She should then triangulate her finding with a controlled experiment and user observations. Jane should use a NASA-TLX questionnaire to check how quickly users are able to buy a product on her website. If the users are able to buy a product as quickly on the new and old design, then there is nothing to fix. Jane should use Tobii Eye Tracking to analyze a user’s eye movement and identify the confusing areas of her design. After identifying the problematic areas she should use a PAD evaluation to understand what is causing the users to be confused. https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 4/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 4 Q4: WIMP The meaning of WIMP is Windows Icon Menu Pointer. WIMP interaction was developed at Xerox PARC in 1973 and popularized with Apple's introduction of the Macintosh in 1984, which added the concepts of the "menu bar" and extended window management. Can WIMP be used to describe interaction with a handheld mobile phone? Select one alternative: No, since Apple has published a new strategy to address affective interaction, WIMP has lost its importance. No, since WIMP was patented by Microsoft, it cannot by used any longer. Only partly, since a mobile phone has a smaller screen than a desk top and supports multitouch, whereas WIMP was developed for mouse-based interaction on desktop screens. https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 5/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 5 Q5: GOMS GOMS means "a set of Goals, a set of Operators, a set of Methods for achieving the goals, and a set of Selections rules for choosing among competing methods for goals." Select one alternative: A GOMS model is composed of methods that are used to achieve specific goals. These methods are then composed of operators at the lowest level. The operators are specific steps that a user performs and are assigned a specific execution time. If a goal can be achieved by more than one method, then selection rules are used to determine the method. A GOMS model is composed of methods that are used to achieve specific goals. These methods are then composed of operators at the lowest level. The operators are specific steps that a user performs and are assigned a specific execution time. If a goal can be achieved by more than 5 methods, then selection rules are used to determine the method. A GOMS model is composed of methods that are used to achieve specific goals. These methods are then composed of operators at the lowest level. The operators are specific steps that a user performs and are assigned a specific waiting time. If a goal can be achieved by more than one method, then selection rules are used to determine the method. 6 Q6: Keystroke Level Model (KLM) In the Keystroke Level Model (KLM), what are the physical execution phase operators? Select one alternative: K – keypointing, P - pointing (use Fitts’ Law), H – helping, D – drawing K – keystroking, P - pointing (use Fitts’ Law), H – homing, D – detecting K – keystroking, P - pointing (using the Principle of Pareto), H – homing, D – drawing K – keystroking, P - pointing (use Fitts’ Law), H – homing, D – drawing K – keystroking, P - pointing (use the Hick-Hyman Law), H – homing, D – detecting https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 6/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 7 Q7: OmniVib (research project) From OmniVib-paper (Alvina et al., 2015, see attached file); what is the relation between recognizability and distinguishability? Select one alternative: recognizability ≠ distinguishability recognizability < distinguishability recognizability > distinguishability 8 Q8: Fitts' Law In Fitts’ law, what is the meaning of each abbreviation? Select one alternative: D: Direction of target; S: Size of target; a, b: Empirically estimated constants D: Distance to target; S: Size of target; a, b: Empirically estimated constants D: Destination of target; S: Selection of target; a, b: Empirically estimated constants https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 7/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 9 Q9: Nielsen's Usability Heuristics Following Jakob Nielsen’s Ten Usability Heuristics, the following is correct: Select one alternative: 5-6 experts, using this test, may discover up to 80% of design errors 1-2 experts, using this test, may discover up to 90% of design errors 8-9 experts, using this test, may discover up to 60% of design errors 10 Q10: Experimental variables When I improved the visibility of the system status, the participants found the prototype more usable. What is/are the independent variable(s)? Select one alternative: The usability of the prototype The visibility of the system status Both the visibility of the system status and the usability of the prototype Neither the visibility of the system status nor the usability of the prototype https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 8/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 11 Q11: Augmented Reality (AR) What is an Augmented Reality (AR) application? It is a computer application... Select one alternative: that allows direct manipulation with virtual objects and to move them realistically. that allows navigation, orientation, and teleportation in real-time. that integrates a digital, often visual layer into the user's real-world environment and allows interaction. 12 Q12: Virtual Reality (VR) In which of the following Virtual Reality (VR) environments is a user visually isolated from the surrounding physical environment? Select one alternative: A user is visually isolated in a semi-immersive VR. A user is visually isolated in a non-immersive VR. A user is visually isolated in all of the listed types of VR environments. A user is visually isolated in none of the listed types of VR environments. A user is visually isolated in an immersive VR. https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 9/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 13 Q13: Cognitive Walkthrough: In Cognitive Walkthrough, for each action, the evaluator needs to answer 4 questions. What is the first question? Select one alternative: Will the system understand the user's feedback? Is the effect of the action the same as the user’s goal at that point? Is the effect of the feedback the same as the user’s goal at that point? Is the effect of the planned action the same as the user’s goal of her activity? https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 10/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 14 Q14: False affordance What is a false affordance in the context of design and HCI? Select one alternative: A design element that A design element that provides functionality not suggests a functionality or immediately apparent to action which it does not users. actually provided. A high-cost design element A design element that that adds no significant value enhances the aesthetic appeal to the user experience. of a product without affecting its functionality. A design element that provides additional functionality beyond what is visually obvious. 15 Q15: Justify your design method(s) In your semester assignment, you designed a prototype. Mention and justify the design method(s) you applied. (max 150 words) I applied the double diamond method to design my prototype. This is so that I could start with seeing what the problem is, and then start solving it. The method allows me to continue creating iterations that I can get feedback on from the users that I give them to. The double diamond is when you first find a problem, then find out what the possible solution for that problem is. Then data gathering, then prototyping, then communicate with the possible users about what they think of the problem. If there is something off, we can go back and create new iterations to solve the newer problems or what we lack. The double diamond allowed us to start with low-fidelity prototypes, then after a few iterations end up with a high-fidelity prototype. We used sketches and user scenarios, then figma to create a "working" product that the users could evaluate. Ord: 150 https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 11/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 16 Q16: Recommender Systems How could you improve the accessibility of a news website (e.g. NRK, BT, Guardian) with a recommender system? What user data would you need to collect? (max 150 words) Recommender systems are algorithms that can help with reaching new audiences. However, the user data we would need to get the accessibility resources we need would be about hearing and vision. A lot of the websites include videos and articles. So to make these accessible, we need to make sure that the videos have subtitles for the hearing impaired, and audio description for the vision impaired. The images shown should also be made sure to be accessible for the color blind. The articles need to be written with text that is visible for everyone that can see, not with a lot of images in the background. The text needs to have a "read out loud" option as well. So the data gathered need to be of what users are visiting the page, are there more on others? What are they doing to accomodate? Ord: 143 https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 12/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 17 Q17: Human‑Workspace Interaction Definition and background: Human‑Workspace Interaction (HWI) involves the research field that considers various ways to support knowledge workers and their activities by making the workspace interactive. The term workspace here refers to the physical/virtual space where knowledge workers work, such as offices and laboratories (note: the term workspace is sometimes referred to as the on- screen working area of the software where tasks are performed, e.g., workspace awareness, but our definition here is different from this). The entity that interacts with the worker involves not only the entire space itself, but also every component of the space that surrounds the workers and their activities (i.e., interactions between the workers or with computer/non-computer objects). These components, called workspace components in this paper, include chairs, tables, walls, floors, lighting, and the environment’s air. Based on the figure attached, please discuss "conceptual difference between conventional HCI and HWI." (max 150 words) Fill in your answer here The conceptual difference between conventional HCI and HWI is that conventional human computer interaction is something that happens between a human and the product. Any situation, any person. Human-workspace interaction is when a worker is using the product in the workspace. At work, a worker. Ord: 45 https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 13/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected]) lOMoARcPSD|50221188 14.03.2024, 21:37 INFO162 0 Innføring i HCI 18 Q18: Remote Intelligent Lab Definition and background: During the HCI seminar on smart workspaces on the 3rd of October, Dr. Khalil talked about remote intelligent access to labs in Higher Education. In our increasingly connected and AI-powered world, remote intelligent labs can improve research and education. Propose two to three user stories for the implementation of a remote intelligent lab focusing on inclusivity in learning. Use Human-Computer Interaction (HCI). (max 150 words) Fill in your answer here User story 1: A user that is bound to a wheelchair is participating in a research project in school with other people who can walk. The user is used to working with groups where the user is lower than the others, and have to ask for help to reach necessary things. However, this project is remote. The user sits at home and is able to have a remote intelligent lab with the group, and can do exactly the same as the others to learn. The user does not have to constantly focus on their disability, and can put their complete focus on the project to learn, just as the other students. User story 2: A user that have little money to use on project resources, gets relieved when they learn that this project will be remote, meaning that they won't have to use all their money on the project. Ord: 149 https://vurdering.uib.no/#list/188807020 14/14 Lastet ned av OLE ALEX ([email protected])