Drugs Used in Mood Disorders Part 4 PDF

\#\#\# \*\*Slide 31: Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)\*\* 1\. \*\*What is the mechanism of action of SNRIs?\*\* \- A. Inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake \- B. Inhibition of dopamine reuptake \- C. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase \- D. Blocking serotonin rece...

\#\#\# \*\*Slide 31: Serotonin-Norepinephrine Reuptake Inhibitors (SNRIs)\*\* 1\. \*\*What is the mechanism of action of SNRIs?\*\* \- A. Inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake \- B. Inhibition of dopamine reuptake \- C. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase \- D. Blocking serotonin receptors \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake 2\. \*\*Which SNRI is indicated for both depression and neuropathic pain?\*\* \- A. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) \- B. Sertraline (Zoloft) \- C. Paroxetine (Paxil) \- D. Fluoxetine (Prozac) \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Duloxetine (Cymbalta) 3\. \*\*What additional condition, besides depression, is venlafaxine used to treat?\*\* \- A. Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) \- B. Social anxiety disorder \- C. Bipolar disorder \- D. Schizophrenia \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Social anxiety disorder \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 32: SNRI Pharmacokinetics\*\* 1\. \*\*SNRIs are metabolized through which enzyme system?\*\* \- A. Cytochrome P450 \- B. P-glycoprotein \- C. Monoamine oxidase \- D. Acetylcholinesterase \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Cytochrome P450 2\. \*\*In patients with renal insufficiency, how should SNRI doses be adjusted?\*\* \- A. Dose should be increased \- B. No adjustment is needed \- C. Dose should be reduced \- D. SNRI should be discontinued \*\*Answer:\*\* C. Dose should be reduced 3\. \*\*Which of the following is a common side effect of SNRIs?\*\* \- A. Hypotension \- B. Hypertension \- C. Bradycardia \- D. Constipation \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Hypertension \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 33: SNRI Side Effects\*\* 1\. \*\*Which of the following is a dose-dependent side effect of SNRIs?\*\* \- A. Hypertension \- B. Hypoglycemia \- C. Sedation \- D. Hypercalcemia \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Hypertension 2\. \*\*Which side effect is commonly associated with both SSRIs and SNRIs?\*\* \- A. Increased sweating \- B. Dry mouth \- C. Tachycardia \- D. Rash \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Increased sweating 3\. \*\*Why should SNRIs not be combined with monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?\*\* \- A. Risk of hypertensive crisis \- B. Risk of serotonin syndrome \- C. Increased risk of arrhythmias \- D. Increased risk of liver toxicity \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Risk of serotonin syndrome \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 34: Tricyclic Antidepressants (TCAs)\*\* 1\. \*\*What is the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?\*\* \- A. Inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake \- B. Inhibition of dopamine reuptake \- C. Inhibition of serotonin breakdown \- D. Blocking acetylcholine receptors \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake 2\. \*\*Which TCA is commonly used to treat obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)?\*\* \- A. Clomipramine \- B. Nortriptyline \- C. Desipramine \- D. Amitriptyline \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Clomipramine 3\. \*\*What is a common adverse effect associated with TCAs?\*\* \- A. QT prolongation \- B. Hypotension \- C. Hyperglycemia \- D. Anemia \*\*Answer:\*\* A. QT prolongation \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 35: TCA Pharmacokinetics\*\* 1\. \*\*Which enzyme system is responsible for the metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)?\*\* \- A. Cytochrome P450 \- B. Acetylcholinesterase \- C. Monoamine oxidase \- D. P-glycoprotein \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Cytochrome P450 2\. \*\*Why are TCAs generally administered at night?\*\* \- A. They have a short half-life \- B. They cause sedation \- C. They are best absorbed with food \- D. To avoid drug interactions \*\*Answer:\*\* B. They cause sedation 3\. \*\*In which population is TCA use particularly risky due to slow metabolism?\*\* \- A. Elderly \- B. Children \- C. Men \- D. Smokers \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Elderly \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 36: TCA Overdose\*\* 1\. \*\*What is the primary cause of death in TCA overdose?\*\* \- A. Respiratory depression \- B. Cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias) \- C. Seizures \- D. Hyperthermia \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Cardiotoxicity (arrhythmias) 2\. \*\*Which electrolyte abnormality is commonly seen in TCA overdose?\*\* \- A. Hyperkalemia \- B. Hyponatremia \- C. Hypercalcemia \- D. Hypomagnesemia \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Hyponatremia 3\. \*\*What is contraindicated in the treatment of TCA-induced arrhythmias?\*\* \- A. Sodium bicarbonate \- B. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs \- C. Beta-blockers \- D. Benzodiazepines \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Class I antiarrhythmic drugs \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 37: Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs)\*\* 1\. \*\*What is the mechanism of action of monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs)?\*\* \- A. Inhibition of serotonin and norepinephrine reuptake \- B. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase, preventing neurotransmitter breakdown \- C. Stimulation of dopamine release \- D. Blockade of NMDA receptors \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Inhibition of monoamine oxidase, preventing neurotransmitter breakdown 2\. \*\*Which enzyme does MAO-A primarily degrade?\*\* \- A. Dopamine \- B. Acetylcholine \- C. Serotonin and norepinephrine \- D. Glutamate \*\*Answer:\*\* C. Serotonin and norepinephrine 3\. \*\*Which of the following foods should be avoided by patients taking MAOIs due to the risk of hypertensive crisis?\*\* \- A. Cheese \- B. Bananas \- C. Chicken \- D. Broccoli \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Cheese \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 38: MAOI Drug Interactions\*\* 1\. \*\*What serious condition can result from combining MAOIs with SSRIs?\*\* \- A. Hypertensive crisis \- B. Serotonin syndrome \- C. Hyperkalemia \- D. Hypoglycemia \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Serotonin syndrome 2\. \*\*Which of the following drugs should be avoided with MAOIs due to the risk of hypertensive crisis?\*\* \- A. Pseudoephedrine \- B. Metoprolol \- C. Omeprazole \- D. Lorazepam \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Pseudoephedrine 3\. \*\*MAOIs should not be combined with which type of foods?\*\* \- A. High-protein foods \- B. Tyramine-rich foods \- C. Fatty foods \- D. Carbohydrate-rich foods \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Tyramine-rich foods \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 39: MAOI Side Effects\*\* 1\. \*\*Which of the following is a common side effect of MAOIs?\*\* \- A. Weight gain \- B. Hypertension \- C. Hypoglycemia \- D. Hypercalcemia \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Weight gain 2\. \*\*What is a life-threatening complication associated with the sudden discontinuation of MAOIs?\*\* \- A. Serotonin syndrome \- B. Discontinuation syndrome with psychosis and confusion \- C. Hypertensive crisis \- D. Hyperglycemia \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Discontinuation syndrome with psychosis and confusion 3\. \*\*Why are MAOIs rarely used as first-line therapy for depression?\*\* \- A. High risk of drug and food interactions \- B. Low efficacy compared to SSRIs \- C. Increased risk of serotonin syndrome \- D. High cost \*\*Answer:\*\* A. High risk of drug and food interactions \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 40: Bupropion (Wellbutrin)\*\* 1\. \*\*Bupropion primarily inhibits the reuptake of which neurotransmitters?\*\* \- A. Serotonin and norepinephrine \- B. Norepinephrine and dopamine \- C. Dopamine and serotonin \- D. Acetylcholine and serotonin \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Norepinephrine and dopamine 2\. \*\*Bupropion is contraindicated in patients with which condition?\*\* \- A. Hypertension \- B. Seizure disorder \- C. Depression \- D. Schizophrenia \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Seizure disorder 3\. \*\*What is a common reason bupropion is chosen over SSRIs for some patients?\*\* \- A. Lower risk of sexual side effects \- B. Increased sedative effects \- C. Reduced efficacy for anxiety \- D. Increased risk of weight gain \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Lower risk of sexual side effects \#\#\# \*\*Slide 32: SNRI Pharmacokinetics\*\* 1\. \*\*Which enzyme is primarily responsible for metabolizing SNRIs like duloxetine?\*\* \- A. Cytochrome P450 1A2 and 2D6 \- B. Monoamine oxidase A \- C. Acetylcholinesterase \- D. Catechol-O-methyltransferase \*\*Answer:\*\* A. Cytochrome P450 1A2 and 2D6 2\. \*\*How should the dose of SNRIs be adjusted in patients with renal insufficiency?\*\* \- A. Increased by 50% \- B. No adjustment needed \- C. Dose should be reduced \- D. Discontinue the medication \*\*Answer:\*\* C. Dose should be reduced 3\. \*\*What is a common pharmacokinetic feature of SNRIs that may contribute to side effects like hypertension?\*\* \- A. Active metabolites increase serotonin concentration in the brain \- B. Metabolites and the parent drug are eliminated by the kidneys \- C. They are metabolized through the liver and excreted through the bile \- D. SNRIs are stored in fat and slowly released \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Metabolites and the parent drug are eliminated by the kidneys【58:0†source】【58:2†source】 \-\-- \#\#\# \*\*Slide 33: SNRI Side Effects\*\* 1\. \*\*What cardiovascular side effect is commonly associated with SNRIs, especially at high doses?\*\* \- A. Bradycardia \- B. Hypotension \- C. Hypertension \- D. Heart block \*\*Answer:\*\* C. Hypertension 2\. \*\*Which central nervous system (CNS) side effect may occur with SNRIs and is related to their dose?\*\* \- A. Sedation \- B. Anxiety and insomnia \- C. Seizures \- D. Fatigue \*\*Answer:\*\* B. Anxiety and insomnia 3\. \*\*SNRIs can cause a discontinuation syndrome similar to SSRIs. Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with this syndrome?\*\* \- A. Hyperactivity and agitation \- B. Diarrhea and vomiting \- C. Dizziness and somnolence \- D. Hyperglycemia and increased appetite \*\*Answer:\*\* C. Dizziness and somnolence【58:2†source】【58:2†source】