DR2 Male Reproductive System Answers PDF

DR2: Male Reproductive System ANSWERS Station 1 What position is the epididymis relative to the testis? - Posterior Station 2 What process causes the layers of the abdominal wall to be represented in the scrotal wall? - Descent of the testes Scrotal ligament (Pin1) is derived from which embryonic st...

DR2: Male Reproductive System ANSWERS Station 1 What position is the epididymis relative to the testis? - Posterior Station 2 What process causes the layers of the abdominal wall to be represented in the scrotal wall? - Descent of the testes Scrotal ligament (Pin1) is derived from which embryonic structure? - Gubernaculum List the contents of the spermatic cord: - Ductus deferens - Testicular artery - Artery to the ductus deferens - Cremasteric artery - Pampiniform plexus Sympathetic nerves Genital branch of genitofemoral nerve Lymphatic vessels What is the origin of the gonadal artery (Pin2)? - Aorta (~L2 vertebral level) Where to the right and left testicular veins drain? - Right: inferior vena cava (IVC) - Left: left renal vein Discuss mechanisms of thermoregulation - Please refer to slide 12 of lecture T2L3:MalePelvis Station 3 Contraction of the bladder muscle wall is mediated by which component of the autonomic innervation? - Parasympathetic nervous system What pelvic arteries supply the region indicated by pin3 (superior bladder)? - Superior vesical arteries Which component of autonomic innervation elicits contraction of Pin 6 (internal urethral sphincter)? - Sympathetic nervous system Station 4 Describe the location of the prostate. - Inferior to the bladder What is the function of the prostate? - The main function of the prostate is to secrete a clear, slightly alkaline (pH 7.29) fluid. - Also, the prostate will secrete: o prostate-specific antigen (PSA) o prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP), an enzyme regulating growth and metabolism of glandular epithelium o Fibrinolysin, that liquifies semen What artery primarily supplies blood to the prostate? - Inferior vesical arteries Union of which structures form the ejaculatory ducts? - Seminal duct and ductus deferens Station 5 Which erectile body houses the penile urethra and forms the glans of the penis? - Corpus spongiosum What structures form the root of the penis? - Bulb of the penis (corpus spongiosum) - Crura of the penis (corpora cavernosa) What connective tissue structure provides a major attachment of bulb of the penis? - Perineal membrane Which perineal pouch houses the external urethral sphincter? - Deep perineal pouch Station 6 Which branch(es) of the pudendal nerve provide motor supply to the muscles within the deep and superficial perineal pouches? - Perineal nerves Which nerve(s) receive sensory input from the regions of skin indicated on the images? - Pin 3 – Inferior rectal (anal) nerves - Pin 4 – Anterior scrotal nerve (branch of ilioinguinal nerve) - Pin 5 – Posterior scrotal nerve (branch of pudendal nerve) Station 7 N/A Station 8 Spermatogonia are derived from which embryonic cell population? - Primordial germ cells Spermatocytes undergo which process of cell division? - Meiosis I and II What is the function of Sertoli cells? - Sertoli cells secrete numerous factors that promote development of spermatogonia and anti-Mullerian hormone. What cell population of the developing gonad form Sertoli cells? - Somatic support cells Labelling the histological image - Please refer to slide 5 of lecture T2L3:MalePelvis Station 9 Which division of the autonomic nervous system induces erection? - Parasympathetic Cavernous nerves are an extension of which pelvic nerve plexus? - Prostatic nerve plexus Which elements of the male reproductive tract must undergo contraction to direct sperm and seminal fluid? - Muscle wall of ductus deferens, seminal vesical and prostate What division of the autonomic nervous system is responsible for this smooth muscle contraction? - Sympathetic nervous system What muscle prevents retrograde passage semen into the bladder? - Internal urethral sphincter Which muscle(s) undergo rhythmic contraction to facilitate this expulsion? - Bulbospongiosus What is the innervation of these muscles? - Perineal branches of the pudendal nerve. Station 10 Why does degradation of the paramesonephric ducts occur in the XY individual? - Due to presence of anti-Mullerian hormone released by Sertoli cells. In your group, consider what element of male (XY) development has deviated from the norm? - Persistent Mullerian duct syndrome can be due to misexpression of antiMullerian hormone or its receptor. This can lead to the continued development of the paramesonephric duct and its derived structures. Station 11 N/A Station 12 Sagittal T2 MRI of Male pelvis A – Bladder B – Seminal vesical C – rectovesical pouch D – Pubic symphysis E – Prostate F – Corpus spongiosum G – Corpus cavernosum Coronal T2 MRI of Male Pelvis A – Rectum B – Obturator internus C – Levator ani D – Ishioanal fossa E – Innominate bone Axial CT of Male Pelvis A – Bladder B - Seminal vesical C – Rectum D – Gluteus maximus E – head of femur F – Acetabulum G – Femoral Artery Axial T2 MRI Male Perineum A – Corpus cavernosum B – Corpus spongiosum C – Ishiopubic ramus D – Anus E – Ishiocavernosus Voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) A – Bladder B - Prostatic urethra C – Spongy (penile) urethra D – External urethral sphincter