DORS411-Medical Abbreviations (PDF) Oral Surgery 1 Past Paper 2024-2025

ORAL SURGERY 1 DR. CHRISTIAN BELTRAN Ç DMD 4-Y2-1 4TH YEAR A.Y. 2024-2025...

ORAL SURGERY 1 DR. CHRISTIAN BELTRAN Ç DMD 4-Y2-1 4TH YEAR A.Y. 2024-2025 MODULE 11 Medical Abbreviations Ad Lib Example Artificial saliva for patients with dry mouth (xerostomia) Objectives: ® What do you mean “at pleasure”? The patient can take Define the key terms listed at the beginning of this the drug whenever he/she wants. ® Difference of PRN (As needed) and Ad Lib (At pleasure): chapter. In Ad Lib (At pleasure) there is NO toxicity, and the Identify basic word elements individually and within patient can take it regardless of interval. While PRN (As medical terms. needed) there is a higher chance of toxicity or overdose. PTB Pulmonary Tuberculosis State the meanings of common word roots, prefixes, ® TB in the lungs and suffixes and identify unique plural endings. ® PTB is caused by an acid-fast bacilli (rod-shaped) State the meanings of medical terms composed of specifically, mycobacterium tuberculosis. It is detected through the use of (Acid-fast staining) Ziehl elements found in this chapter. Nielsen staining which uses a carbol fuschin stain. Demonstrate proper pronunciation of medical terms by HPN/HTN Hypertension using the general pronunciation guidelines found in this ® Patient has a high blood pressure. ® For the blood pressure, we have 2 values taken, the chapter. systolic (systole) ventricular contraction and State the meanings of common medical abbreviations diastolic (diastole) ventricular relaxation listed in this chapter. ® Drugs used to manage hypertension: drugs ending in -pril (Captopril, Enalapril) Identify items currently on the Joint Commission’s “Do -PRIL ® Captopril, Enalapril Not Use” list and the list of items for possible future ® ACE (Angiotensin converting inclusion on the “Do Not Use” list. enzyme) inhibitor -OLOL ® Propranolol, Metoprolol, Atenolol ® Beta-blocker Sample: -PINE ® Amlodipine, Nofedipine Dx. CHD, VSD, PDA, TOF, MVP ® Calcium channel blocker Dx Diagnosis DAT Diet as Tolerated CHD ® Patient can eat as long as they can tolerate the food VSD NTG Non Toxic Goiter ® There is thyroid enlargement PDA Patent Ductus Arteriosus ® Goiter WITHOUT hyperthyroidism TOF Tetralogy of Fallot ® Toxic Goiter – goiter associated with MVP Mitral Valve Prolapse hyperthyroidism AIDS Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome ® Immunocompromised patient associated with HIV Medical Abbreviations (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) OD Overdose ® Dentists are prone to HIV because we are dealing Meaning toxicity with blood or blood scatters. Same with hepatitis due to needle puncture. BID Twice daily ® HIV patient would take ARV (Antiretroviral) drug Latin word Bis in die and patients with HIV-AIDS they would monitor their Interval Every 12 hours CD4 and CD8 (CD – cluster of differentiation) Example of drug Naproxen Sodium ADH Antidiuretic Hormone ® Deficiency of antidiuretic hormone will cause TID Three times daily (symptoms) frequent urination or known as polyuria. Latin word Ter in die ® Diabetes insipidus – are deficient to antidiuretic Interval Every 8 hours hormone; not related to diabetes mellitus Example of drug Amoxicillin NIDDM Non Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ® Type II QID Four times daily IDDM Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus Latin word Quarter in die ® Type I Interval Every 6 hours NIDDM and IDDM Example of drug Clindamycin ® Type of Diabetes mellitus Mefenamic Acid ® The affected gland would be the endocrine, specifically the pancreas Ibuprofen ® 3Ps of Diabetes Mellitus: Polyuria (frequent urination), Polyphaxia (frequent hunger), Polydypsia (frequent thirst) QD Once daily Latin word Quaque die **Both are called Diabetes (diabetes insipidus and diabetes mellitus) Example of drug Arcoxia (Etoricoxib) because they shared a common symptom which is frequent urination. MVP Mitral Valve Prolapse QOD Every other day ® The mitral valve loses its elasticity (loss of elasticity). PRN As needed If there is loss of elasticity in the mitral valve, they were not able to close smoothly or evenly. Latin word Pro renata ® Mitral valve is found in the heart ® MVP with regurgitation – in this condition there is STAT Immediately / At once already leakage of blood. The valve leaks blood back Difference of PRN (As needed) and STAT (Immediately) into the left atrium. (there is back flow of blood) ® STAT you CANNOT delay, you need to give it immediately to the IHD Ischemic Heart Disease patient (because something might happen to the patient if the ® The heart is not getting enough blood oxygen. drug wasn’t given immediately) ® Ischemia – inadequate blood supply Ad Lib At pleasure PDA Patent Ductus Arteriosus Latin word Ad libitum ® There is an opening between the descending aorta Example Artificial tears for eye contacts and the pulmonary artery wearer ® Patent – something did not close 55 FINALS  ORAL SURGERY 1 DR. CHRISTIAN BELTRAN Ç DMD 4-Y2-1 4TH YEAR A.Y. 2024-2025 MODULE 11 PDA ® Ductus arteriosus / ductus botalli – would allow the SCCA ® Frequently encountered in a hospital setting blood from the right ventricle to bypass the lungs of ® It has a very distinct smell the fetus, because the lungs of the fetus are still mmHg Millimeter mercury fluid-filled while inside of the womb. After the ® A unit for blood pressure child was born it closes because there is no fluid Bpm Beats per minute already in its lungs. But in some cases, it would ® A unit for pulse rate remain open, that is why it is called patent ductus ® Normal pulse rate range: 60-100 bpm arteriosus) Cpm Cycles per minute ASD Atrial Septal Defect ® A unit for respiratory rate ® There is a defect in the septum of the atrium. There is ® Normal respiratory rate range: 12-20 cpm a hole between the atrial septum. D5W Dextrose 5% in Water VSD Ventricular Septal Defect ECG Electrocardiogram ® There is a defect between the ventricular septum. ® Used to detect heart problems TOF Tetralogy of Fallot EBV Epstein-Barr Virus ® A combination of four (4) congenital abnormalities: ® It causes mononucleosis Ventricular septal defect (VSD), Pulmonary ® Also known as “kissing disease” valve stenosis (PVS), misplaced aorta, right EEG ElectroEncephalogram ventricular hypertrophy ® Used to diagnose conditions such as epilepsy, Hypertrophy vs. Hyperplasia headache, dizziness, and brain tumors Hypertrophy Hyperplasia ORL Otorhinolaryngology ® Increase in size of the cells ® Increase in number of the cells ® Formerly known as EENT IM Intramuscular ER Emergency Room ® The drug is administered into the muscle. Tab Tablet IV Intravenous ® Drug formulation or drug form ® The drug is administered into the veins. Cap Capsule SC Subcutaneous ® Drug formulation or drug form ® The drugs are administered under the skin. UTI Urinary Tract Infection PO Oral ® More prone to have UTI are the female Latin word Per orem Hb Hemoglobin ® The drug is administered orally. Oral route ® Hemoglobin carries oxygen from the lung to the rest of the body. PR Rectal HCT Hematocrit Latin word Per rectal ® Is the ratio of the volume of the RBC (red blood cell) ® The drug is administered rectally. Suppository to the total volume of the blood. AC Before Meal HD Hemodialysis ® The patient is undergoing hemodialysis because Latin word Ante cibum kidney failure. Hx History PC After Meal ® Example: Family Hx, Social Hx, Medical Hx, Dental Hx Latin word Post cibum HPI History of Present Illness NSAID Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug NGT Nasogastric tube ® Paracetamol is NOT part of NSAID because it is an ® A plastic tube that passes through the nose going to antipyretic drug, it is a weak analgesic. the throat and down to the stomach. RUQ Right Upper Quadrant ALT Alanine Transaminase / Alanine ® Quadrant 1 Aminotransferase LUQ Left Upper Quadrant ® Formerly known as (SGPT) Serum Glutamic Pyruvic ® Quadrant 2 Transaminase ® A liver function test, it helps detect liver damage Rx Take thou from hepatitis, infection, and cirrhosis. Latin word Recipio ALP Alkaline Phosphatase ® Part of a prescription ® superscription ® Paget’s disease / Osteitis deformans – is a disease PRBC Packed Red Blood Cells associated with elevated ALP ® The RBC (red blood cell) are separated for blood AST Asparate Aminotransferase transfusion ® Formerly known as (SGOT) Serum Glutamic PT Prothrombin Time Oxaloacetic Transaminase ® Measures the extrinsic pathway SGOT Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase PTT Partial Thromboplastin Time SGPT Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase ® Measures the intrinsic pathway CVA Cerebro-Vascular Accident T3 Triiodothyronine ® The blood flow from the part of the brain stopped by ® True hormone, more potent than T4 either blockage or rupture of the blood vessels ® The thyroid produces 20% of T3 ® Stroke T4 Thyroxine ® Two types of Strokes: ® The thyroid produces 80% of T4 (1) Ischemic Stroke – there is blockage and KUB Kidney Ureter Bladder (2) Hemorrhagic Stroke – there is a rupture of blood HPV Human Papilloma Virus of vessels ® Causes STD; it can affect the genitals, mouth, and CA Carcinoma throat ® Squamous Cell CA, Adeno CA, Transitional Cell CA HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus ® Difference of Carcinoma and Sarcoma: › Carcinoma – it is mesodermal tissue are HDL High Density Lipoprotein affected ® Good cholesterol › Sarcoma – it is epithelial tissue are affected LDL Low Density Lipoprotein Ca Calcium ® Bad cholesterol SCCA Squamous Cell Carcinoma KVO Keep Vein Open 56 FINALS  ORAL SURGERY 1 DR. CHRISTIAN BELTRAN Ç DMD 4-Y2-1 4TH YEAR A.Y. 2024-2025 MODULE 11 KVO ® Why do you need to keep the vein open? There are The Joint Commission’s “Do Not Use” List times when you’re admitted to the hospital and you are ready to be discharge, the IV line is still attached Concern about errors regarding the interpretation of because they want to keep it open for future use, abbreviations that have been used in the past, the Joint let’s say there is still additional instruction from the Commission has developed a list of Official “DO NOT physician to put other drug before you get discharge. ICU Intensive Care Unit USE” abbreviations, which should never be used in ® A unit that is dedicated to care for patient who are clinical settings. seriously ill. Do Not Use Possible Confusion Use this Instead PICU Pediatric Intensive Care Unit U, u 0, 4, cc unit ® A unit that is dedicated to care for pediatric patient who are seriously ill. IU IV, 10 International Unit NICU Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Q.D., QD, q.d., qd Q.O.D., QOD, q.o.d., daily ® A unit that is dedicated to care for neonatal patient qod who are seriously ill Q.O.D., QOD, q.o.d., Q.D., QD, q.d., qd every other day CENICU Central Intensive Care Unit qod ® Admitted patient here requires multidisciplinary care Trailing zero missing the decimal x mg ® Madaming doctor si patient (eg. X.0 mg) point MICU Medical Intensive Care Unit Lack of leading zero missing the decimal 0.x mg ® Patients admitted here were severely ill and they (eg..x mg) point require round the clock monitoring MS whether it means morphine sulfate or ® The treatment is through drugs and there is no “morphine sulfate” magnesium sulfate physical alternation of the body. (no surgical or “magnesium procedure done to the patient) sulfate” SICU Surgical Intensive Care Unit MSO4, MgSO4 with one another morphine sulfate or ® The patients admitted here were surgically treated magnesium sulfate HICU Hospital Infection Control Unit ® Non an intensive care unit ® This is where you report an incident (most especially, needle prick and you handle HIV patient) where there is a high chance of infectious diseases involve. OR Operating Room OS Operating Sponge ® OS means gauze (sterile gauze) U/R Unremarkable ® Usually seen on chest x-ray ® Means everything is normal PNS Peripheral Nervous System RHD Rheumatic Heart Disease PG Prostaglandin PABA Para-Aminobenzoic Acid Fx Fracture ORIF Open Reduction Internal Fixation O2 Oxygen PIH Pregnancy Induced Hypertension PND Paroxysmal Nocturnal Dyspnea ® There is shortness of breath especially during at night SLE Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ® Is an autoimmune disease ® The patient has a butterfly rash / malar rash (cheek) STD Sexually Transmitted Disease Sx Surgery Sz Seizure or epilepsy TNM Tumor Node Metastases ® Stage of cancer MGH May Go Home ® The patient is allowed to be discharged. 57 FINALS