Doors and Windows: Architectural Design PDF

Outline for "Doors and Windows: Aesthetic and Functional Elements in Architectural Design" Introduction Importance of doors and windows: They define both the aesthetic and functional aspects of a structure. o Aesthetic: Shape how a building looks and feels. o Func...

Outline for "Doors and Windows: Aesthetic and Functional Elements in Architectural Design" Introduction Importance of doors and windows: They define both the aesthetic and functional aspects of a structure. o Aesthetic: Shape how a building looks and feels. o Functional: Control natural light, airflow, and security. Purpose of the presentation: Explore various types, materials, and styles of doors and windows, focusing on their impact on spaces. Part 1: Types and Materials of Doors 1. Fiberglass Doors o Advantages: Durable, scratch-resistant, low maintenance, weather-resistant. o Additional features: Can be paired with wooden cladding for insulation and soundproofing. 2. Aluminum Doors o Advantages: Affordable, weather-resistant, insect-proof, modern look. o Energy efficiency: Require minimal upkeep and highly durable. 3. Steel Doors o Advantages: Known for security and affordability. o Downside: Prone to visible dents and scratches over time. 4. Wrought Iron Doors o Combination of style and security: Customizable and energy-efficient, often used for front or patio entries. 5. Wooden Doors o Aesthetic appeal: Popular for beauty but require more maintenance. o Longevity: May need replacement after 20 years, can be paired with wood- clad fiberglass for better insulation. 6. Glass Doors o Use in patios or balconies: Allow natural light, offer energy efficiency but are less secure. o Added stability: Can be framed with wood or fiberglass. 7. Vinyl Doors o Modern and environmentally friendly: Durable, energy-efficient, often used for patio doors. Part 2: Types of Door Mechanisms and Installations 1. Hinged Doors o Mechanism: Open on hinges, can be Dutch doors (top/bottom sections) or French doors (paired). o Installation: Hinges attached to the door frame, with specific materials for exterior vs interior doors.  2. Sliding Doors o Mechanism: Slide along a track, such as pocket doors (slide into the wall) or barn doors (track above the door). o Installation: Use of four-wheel ball bearing trolley on overhead tracks. 3. Folding Doors (Accordion Doors) o Mechanism: Multiple panels that fold together. o Installation: Mounted on a top track, may include a bottom track for stability. 4. Pivot Doors o Mechanism: Rotate on a central pivot point, swing open in either direction. o Installation: Requires a pivot hinge system. 5. Roller Doors o Mechanism: Horizontal slats that roll up/down, used in garages. o Installation: Mounted on vertical track with a roll-up mechanism. 6. Revolving Doors o Mechanism: Multiple panels rotating around a central axis. o Installation: Requires a central revolving mechanism and precise alignment. Part 3: Types of Windows and Installations 1. Single-Hung Windows o Design: Fixed upper sash, movable lower sash. o Installation: Ensure level opening, secure with screws, and seal for draft prevention. 2. Double-Hung Windows o Design: Both sashes are movable, providing greater ventilation. o Installation: Similar to single-hung windows but check both sashes move freely. 3. Casement Windows o Design: Hinged at the side, open outward with a crank. o Installation: Hinge system made from extruded aluminum alloy. 4. Sliding Windows o Design: Move horizontally along a track. o Installation: Use concealed roller overhead tracks, bottom guide sloped for drainage. 5. Awning Windows o Design: Hinged at the top, open outward for privacy and ventilation. o Installation: Attach top and bottom hinges, seal for weather resistance. 6. Bay Windows o Design: Extends outward with a central fixed panel and two angled side panels. o Installation: Frame the opening and securely anchor the panels. 7. Bow Windows o Design: Curved outward with four or more panels. o Installation: Level curved framework, secure panels, and seal to prevent leaks.  8. Fixed Windows o Design: Non-operational windows that allow light but remain insulated. o Installation: Secure with shims, fully seal for energy efficiency. 9. Skylights o Design: Brings natural light from above. o Installation: Cut opening in roof, frame skylight, and seal to prevent water infiltration. 10. Jalousie Windows Design: Adjustable horizontal slats for airflow and light control. Installation: Fix frames with screws, insert glass slats, adjust for proper alignment. Part 4: Installation Summary 1. Preparation o Check the opening for correct dimensions, level, and square. 2. Frame Positioning o Secure the frame within the opening, ensuring it is plumb and level. 3. Main Frame Construction o Machine to interfit with precision, join corners with screws for strength and durability. 4. Corner Assembly o Fix corners rigidly to ensure weather tightness. 5. Caulking the Joints o Fully caulk joints between the door/window surface and surrounding masonry. 6. Frame Sill Design o Step and slope design for effective water drainage, offset weep holes to channel water.