Science 10 Unit 1 Plate Tectonics PDF

SAINT FRANCIS OF ASSISI COLLEGE SAINT ANTHONY SCHOOL SCIENCE 1O UNIT I PLATE TECTONICS Lesson 1: Theory of Plate Tectonics and the Formation of...

SAINT FRANCIS OF ASSISI COLLEGE SAINT ANTHONY SCHOOL SCIENCE 1O UNIT I PLATE TECTONICS Lesson 1: Theory of Plate Tectonics and the Formation of Continents Academics. And beyond.  LEARNING OBJECTIVE: Describe and analyze the distribution and relationship of active volcanoes and their location, earthquake, epicenters, and major mountain belts to Plate Tectonic Theory.  Plate Tectonics ▪ The Plate Tectonic Theory states that Earth’s outermost layer is fragmented on large and small plates that are moving on another while riding atop a hotter and more mobile material known as asthenosphere. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics RAISIN THEORY ▪ Earth is like a grape that contracted into raisin due to the cooling process that occurred on earth after the Big Bang. ▪ The cooling caused the contraction and pressure that allowed some parts of crust to move upward and produced mountains and others downward, creating ocean basins and other depressions. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics The Theory of Isostasy Clarence Edward Dutton, 1889 A state of gravitational equilibrium in which an area of crust “floats” in a balanced way on the denser rock of the mantle below. The elevation of any part of the Earth’s crust is a function of the THICKNESS and DENSITY of the crust. Isostasy is the vertical movement of the crust to attain “buoyancy” in the mantle. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics Isostasy Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics ▪ Tectonic- Greek word “Tekton” means carpenter or builder. ▪ Used by scientists to describe the measurement of lithosphere. Now used to describe physical plates rather than the measurement. ▪ Tectonic plates or lithospheric plates- are massive irregular slabs of solid rocks that envelope the surface of the Earth. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics ▪ The theory of tectonic plates states that the Earth’s outer most layer is fragmented into a dozen or more large and small solid plates or slabs called lithospheric plates or tectonic plates, which are constantly in motion relative to one another as they ride atop hotter, more mobile material known as asthenosphere. ▪ This plates fit together like a piece of a jigsaw puzzle and the movement ranges from less than 1 to 15 cm per year. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics THEATRUM ORBIS TERRARUM ▪ Abraham Ortelius, May 20, 1570 ▪ It is one of the foundational works that gave rise to Plate Tectonic Theory is the FIRST world atlas. ▪ Noted the similarities between the coastlines of Africa, Europe, and America. He suggested that America was originally connected to Europe and Africa and that the projecting parts of the two continents would fit the recesses of America. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics THEATRUM ORBIS TERRARUM Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY ▪ Alfred Wegener, 1915 ▪ He proposed that the continents were once united into a single supercontinent named Pangaea, meaning all earth in ancient Greek. He suggested that Pangaea broke up long ago. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY During the late Triassic Period, Pangaea began to break into two smaller supercontinent called Laurasia and Gondwanaland, which moved to the northern and southern extremes of the planet. The continents then moved to their current positions. He called his hypothesis continental drift. Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics CONTINENTAL DRIFT THEORY Academics. And beyond.  Plate Tectonics Earth is generally composed of 58 crustal plates, scientists have identified 15 major tectonic plates. 7 or 8 which are the primary plates and the others are smaller plates. A- African Plate S- South American Plate I- Indo-Australian Plate A- Antarctic Plate N- North American Plate P- Pacific Plate E- Eurasian Plate N- Nazca Plate Academics. And beyond.  ASSESSMENT Bookwork: Inquiry Lab, Page 10-11 What To Do, Page 14 Academics. And beyond. ANY QUESTION? Academics. And beyond.