The Articulation Points of Arabic Letters PDF

# The Articulation Points of Arabic Letters ## The Empty Space in the Mouth and Throat (الجوف) - It includes: - The empty space of the throat - The empty space of the mouth - From the empty space in the mouth and throat come the three letters of lengthening (المد): - *yā*' (ي) - *w...

# The Articulation Points of Arabic Letters ## The Empty Space in the Mouth and Throat (الجوف) - It includes: - The empty space of the throat - The empty space of the mouth - From the empty space in the mouth and throat come the three letters of lengthening (المد): - *yā*' (ي) - *wāw* (و) - *ālif* (ا) - These have been previously discussed in detail on page (38-39) ## Attention - The lengthening letters were ascribed to the whole vocal passage (the empty space in the mouth and throat (الجوف)) because they are emitted with the least pressure of the voice. - The tongue is in the position of rest with the letter *ālif* (أ) - Its middle rises at the letter *yā'* (ي) - Its furthest point rises at the letter *wāw* (و) along with circling the lips when pronouncing it. - The non-lengthening *wāw* (و) and *yā'* (ي) were ascribed to their articulation points Because the pressure of the voice with them is more than that in the lengthening ones, and Allah knows best. ## The Throat (الحلق) - It includes three articulation points for six letters: - **The furthest part of the throat**: The articulation point of *al-hamzah* (ء) and *al-hā'*(هـ) - **The middle of the throat**: The articulation point of *al-'ayn* (ع) and *al-ḥā'*(ح) - **The closest part of the throat**: The articulation point of the *al-khā'*(خ) and *al-ghāyn* (غ) letters ## How Letters Occur in the Human Speech System - **1. The Voweled Letter:** - This is pronounced by separating the two parts of the speech organ - It is accompanied by the articulation point of the origin of its harakah: م َ ِ ُ - **2. The letters of lengthening (مد) and softness (لين):** - They are emitted by the vibration of the vocal cords in the larynx. - It is accompanied by the following, depending on the letter: - **The letter *yā'* (ي):** - Lowering the lower jaw and raising the middle of the tongue with the letter. - **The letter *wāw* (و):** - Circling the lips with the letter *wāw* (و), while raising the furthest part of the tongue. - **The letter *ālif* (ا):** - Opening of the mouth with the letter *ālif* (ا), while the tongue is in the position of rest. ## Parts of the Throat - (جَذْرُ اللسان) Root of the tongue - (منطقة أدنى الحلق) Closest part of the throat - (لسان المزمار) Epiglottis - (منطقة وسط الحلق) Middle of the throat - (الأوتار الصوتية) Vocal cords - (منطقة أقصى الحلق) Furthermost part of the throat ## The Upper (Hard) Palate - (اللثة) Gums - (مقدم الحنك) Pre-palate area - (الحنك العظمي (الصلب)) Hard palate - (الحنك اللحمي (الرخو)) Soft palate - (اللَّهَاةِ) Uvula ## The Organs of Speech and How Sounds and Letters Occur - **The Main Articulation Points of Arabic Letters** - The empty space in the throat and mouth - The throat - The mouth: The upper palate, the tongue, the teeth, the lips - The nasal cavity ## Image Description The image shows a diagram illustrating the organs of speech and how sounds and letters occur in the human body. On the left of the diagram are the teeth, tongue and lips, while the right side shows the throat, larynx, and vocal chords. The diagram also labels the different parts of the mouth, including the upper palate and nasal cavity. The diagram highlights the different parts of the body involved in producing speech and how each part contributes to the articulation of sounds and letters. It is a helpful tool for understanding the complex process of speech production and how different elements work together to create the sounds we hear.