Dictionary of Business-pages-5 PDF

Business.fm Page 394 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM statutory regulations 394 statutory regulations /st tʃυt(ə)ri statutory regulations steep increase in interest charges 쑗 a re!jυleʃ(ə)nz/ plural noun regulat...

Business.fm Page 394 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM statutory regulations 394 statutory regulations /st tʃυt(ə)ri statutory regulations steep increase in interest charges 쑗 a re!jυleʃ(ə)nz/ plural noun regulations | steep decline in overseas sales covering financial dealings which are steeply /stipli/ adverb sharply, sud- steeply based on Acts of Parliament, such as the denly 쑗 Prices rose steeply after the Financial Services Act, as opposed to the budget. rules of self-regulatory organisations ‘…if oil prices should fall steeply it may which are non-statutory lead to an equally steep fall in naira value statutory sick pay /st tʃυt(ə)ri sk statutory sick pay if supply cannot meet demand. Then there pe/ noun payment made each week by might be political consequences if devalu- an employer to an employee who is away ation leads to inflation’ [Business from work because of sickness. Abbrevi- in Africa] stenographer /stənɒ!rəfə/ noun an stenographer ation SSP | stay /ste/ noun a length of time spent in stay official person who can write in shorthand step / step/ noun 1. a type of action 쑗 step one place 쑗 The tourists were in town only for a short stay. 쐽 verb to stop at a The first step taken by the new MD was to place 쑗 The chairman is staying at the analyse all the expenses. 왍 to take steps Hotel London. 쑗 Profits have stayed be- to prevent something happening to act low 10% for two years. 쑗 Inflation has to stop something happening 2. a move- stayed high in spite of the government’s ment forward 쑗 Becoming assistant to the efforts to bring it down. MD is a step up the promotion ladder. 왍 stay of execution /ste əv eks stay of execution in step with moving at the same rate as 쑗 The pound rose in step with the dollar. 왍 | kjuʃ(ə)n/ noun the temporary stopping of a legal order 쑗 The court granted the out of step with not moving at the same company a two-week stay of execution. rate as 쑗 The pound was out of step with other European currencies. 쑗 Wages are steadily /stedli/ adverb in a regular or steadily out of step with the cost of living. continuous way 쑗 Output increased step down phrasal verb to retire from steadily over the last two quarters. 쑗 The a position 쑗 The chairman will be 70 company has steadily increased its mar- this month and he is stepping down from ket share. his post to give way to his nephew. steadiness /stednəs/ noun the fact steadiness (NOTE: stepping – stepped) of being firm, not fluctuating 쑗 The ‘…the chairman of the investment bank is steadiness of the markets is due to the to step down after less than 12 months in government’s intervention. the job’ [Times] steady /stedi/ adjective continuing in a step up phrasal verb to increase 쑗 The steady regular way 쑗 The company can point to union is stepping up its industrial ac- a steady increase in profits. 쑗 The market tion. 쑗 The company has stepped up stayed steady in spite of the collapse of production of the latest models. (NOTE: the bank. 쑗 There is a steady demand for stepping – stepped) computers. 쑗 He has a steady job in the sterling /st&lŋ/ noun a standard cur- sterling supermarket. 쐽 verb to become firm, to rency used in the United Kingdom 쑗 to stop fluctuating 쑗 The markets steadied quote prices in sterling or to quote ster- after last week’s fluctuations. 쑗 Prices ling prices steadied on the commodity markets. 쑗 ‘…it is doubtful that British goods will The government’s figures had a steadying price themselves back into world markets influence on the exchange rate. as long as sterling labour costs continue to steal /stil/ verb to take something rise faster than in competitor countries’ steal which does not belong to you 쑗 The rival [Sunday Times] sterling area /st&lŋ eəriə/ noun sterling area company stole our best clients. 쑗 One of our biggest problems is stealing in the formerly, an area of the world where the wine department. (NOTE: stealing – pound sterling was the main trading cur- stole – has stolen) rency steep / stip/ adjective referring to an in- /st&lŋ steep sterling balances sterling balances crease which is very great and usually b lənsz/ plural noun a country’s trade sudden or a price which is very high 쑗 a balances expressed in pounds sterling Business.fm Page 395 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM 395 Stock Exchange sterling crisis /st&lŋ krass/ noun uation to pay the price that stock has been sterling crisis a fall in the exchange rate of the pound valued at 왍 in stock available in the ware- sterling house or store 쑗 to hold 2,000 lines in sterling millionaire /st&lŋ mljə sterling millionaire | stock 왍 to take stock to count the items in neə/ noun a person who has more than a warehouse 3. shares in a company 4. in- one million pounds sterling ( NOTE: To be vestments in a company, represented by specific, you can say dollar millionaire, shares or fixed interest securities 쐽 adjec- peso millionaire, etc.) tive usually kept in stock 쑗 Butter is a stevedore /stivədɔ/ noun a person stevedore stock item for any good grocer. 쐽 verb to who works in a port, loading or unloading hold goods for sale in a warehouse or ships store 쑗 The average supermarket stocks more than 4500 lines. steward /stjuəd/ noun a man who steward ‘US crude oil stocks fell last week by near- serves drinks or food on a ship or plane 쑗 ly 2.5m barrels’ [Financial Times] She called the steward and asked for a glass of water. ‘…the stock rose to over $20 a share, high- er than the $18 bid’ [Fortune] stewardess /stjuədes/ noun a stewardess | stock up phrasal verb to buy supplies woman who serves drinks or food on a of something which you will need in the ship or plane future 쑗 They stocked up with computer stick /stk/ verb to stay still, not to move stick paper. 쑗 Sales have stuck at £2m for the last two stockbroker /stɒkbrəυkə/ noun a stockbroker years. (NOTE: sticking – stuck) person who buys or sells shares for clients sticker /stkə/ verb to put a price stick- sticker stockbroker’s commission /stɒk stockbroker’s commission | er on an article for sale 쑗 We had to stick- brəυkəz kəmʃ(ə)n/ noun the payment | er all the stock. to a broker for a deal carried out on behalf stimulate /stmjυlet/ verb to make stimulate of a client something or someone become more ac- stockbroking /stɒkbrəυkŋ/ noun stockbroking tive 쑗 What can the government do to the business of dealing in shares for cli- stimulate the economy? 쑗 The aim of the ents 쑗 a stockbroking firm subsidies is to stimulate trade with the stock certificate /stɒk sətfkət/ stock certificate Middle East. | noun a document proving that someone stimulus /stmjυləs/ noun a thing stimulus owns stock in a company which encourages activity (NOTE: The stock code /stɒk kəυd/ noun a set of stock code plural is stimuli.) numbers and letters which refer to an item stipulate /stpjυlet/ verb to state stipulate of stock something specifically as a binding con- stock control /stɒk kəntrəυl/ noun stock control dition in a contract 쑗 to stipulate that the | contract should run for five years 쑗 They the process of making sure that the correct found it difficult to pay the stipulated level of stock is maintained, to be able to charges. 쑗 The company failed to pay on meet demand while keeping the costs of the date stipulated in the contract. 쑗 The holding stock to a minimum (NOTE: The contract stipulates that the seller pays the US term is inventory control.) stock controller /stɒk kəntrəυlə/ stock controller buyer’s legal costs. | stipulation /stpjυleʃ(ə)n/ noun a stipulation | noun a person who notes movements of condition in a contract 쑗 The contract has stock stock depreciation /stɒk dpriʃi stock depreciation a stipulation that the new manager has to | serve a three-month probationary period. eʃ(ə)n/ noun a reduction in value of stock /stɒk/ noun 1. the available sup- stock stock which is held in a warehouse for ply of raw materials 쑗 large stocks of oil some time Stock Exchange /stɒk kstʃend$/ Stock Exchange or coal 쑗 the country’s stocks of butter or | sugar 2. the quantity of goods for sale in noun a place where stocks and shares are a warehouse or retail outlet 왍 to buy a bought and sold 쑗 He works on the Stock shop with stock at valuation when buy- Exchange. 쑗 Shares in the company are ing a shop, to pay a price for the stock traded on the Stock Exchange. which is the same as its value as estimated ‘…the news was favourably received on by the valuer 왍 to purchase stock at val- the Sydney Stock Exchange, where the Business.fm Page 396 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM Stock Exchange listing 396 shares gained 40 cents to A$9.80’ stock market /stɒk mɑkt/ noun a stock market [Financial Times] place where shares are bought and sold, Stock Exchange listing /stɒk ks i.e. a stock exchange 쑗 stock market price Stock Exchange listing | tʃend$ lstŋ/ noun the fact of being or price on the stock market on the official list of shares which can be stock market manipulation /stɒk stock market manipulation bought or sold on the Stock Exchange 쑗 mɑkt mənpjυleʃ(ə)n/ noun the | The company is planning to obtain a practice of trying to influence the price of Stock Exchange listing. shares by buying or selling in order to Stock Exchange operation /stɒk give the impression that the shares are Stock Exchange operation kstʃend$ ɒpəreʃ(ə)n/ noun the ac- | | widely traded stock market manipulator /stɒk stock market manipulator tivity of buying or selling of shares on the Stock Exchange mɑkt mənpjυletə/ noun a person | stock figures /stɒk f!əz/ plural stock figures who tries to influence the price of shares noun details of how many goods are in in his or her own favour stock market valuation /stɒk stock market valuation the warehouse or store stockholder /stɒkhəυldə/ noun a stockholder mɑkt v ljueʃ(ə)n/ noun a value of | person who holds shares in a company a company based on the current market price of its shares stockholding /stɒkhəυldŋ/ noun stockholding stock movements / stɒk stock movements the shares in a company held by someone muvmənts/ noun passing of stock into stocking filler /stɒkŋ flə/ noun a stocking filler or out of a warehouse 쑗 All stock move- small item which can be used to put into a ments are logged by the computer. Christmas stocking stock option /stɒk ɒpʃən/ noun a stock option stock-in-hand /stɒk n h nd/ noun stock-in-hand right to buy shares at a cheap price given stock held in a shop or warehouse by a company to its employees stock-in-trade /stɒk n tred/ noun stockout /stɒkəυt/ noun a situation stock-in-trade stockout goods held by a business for sale where an item is out of stock stockpile /stɒkpal/ noun the supplies stockpile stockist /stɒkst/ noun a person or stockist shop that stocks an item kept by a country or a company in case of need 쑗 a stockpile of raw materials 쐽 stock jobber /stɒk d$ɒbə/ noun for- stock jobber verb to buy items and keep them in case merly, a person who bought and sold of need 쑗 to stockpile tinned food shares from other traders on the Stock Ex- stockroom /stɒkrum/ noun a room stockroom change where stores are kept stock jobbing /stɒk d$ɒbŋ/ noun stock jobbing stocks and shares /stɒks ən ʃeəz/ stocks and shares formerly, the business of buying and sell- ing shares from other traders on the Stock plural noun shares in ordinary companies stock size /stɒk saz/ noun a normal stock size Exchange size 쑗 We only carry stock sizes of shoes. stockkeeping /stɒkkipŋ/ noun the stockkeeping stocktaking /stɒktekŋ/, stocktake | stocktaking process of making sure that the correct level of stock is maintained (to be able to /stɒktek/ noun the counting of goods in meet demand while keeping the costs of stock at the end of an accounting period 쑗 holding stock to a minimum) The warehouse is closed for the annual stocktaking. stockkeeping unit /stɒkkipŋ stockkeeping unit stocktaking sale /stɒktekŋ sel/ stocktaking sale junt/ noun full form of SKU noun a sale of goods cheaply to clear a stock ledger /stɒk led$ə/ noun a stock ledger warehouse before stocktaking book which records quantities and values stock transfer form /stɒk tr nsf& stock transfer form of stock fɔm/ noun a form to be signed by the stock level /stɒk lev(ə)l/ noun the stock level person transferring shares quantity of goods kept in stock 쑗 We try stock turn /stɒk t&n/, stock turn- stock turn to keep stock levels low during the sum- round /stɒk t&nraυnd/, stock turno- mer. ver /stɒk t&nəυvə/ noun the total val- stocklist /stɒklst/ noun a list of items stocklist ue of stock sold in a year divided by the carried in stock average value of goods in stock Business.fm Page 397 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM 397 straight line depreciation stock valuation /stɒl v ljueʃ(ə)n/ storage /stɔrd$/ noun 1. the act of stock valuation storage | noun an estimation of the value of stock keeping something in store or in a ware- at the end of an accounting period house 쑗 We let our house and put the fur- stop /stɒp/ noun 1. the end of an action stop niture into storage. 왍 to put a plan into 쑗 Work came to a stop when the company cold storage to postpone work on a plan, could not pay the workers’ wages. 쑗 The usually for a very long time 2. the cost of keeping goods in store 쑗 Storage rose to new finance director put a stop to the 10% of value, so we scrapped the stock. 3. reps’ inflated expense claims. 2. a situa- the facility for storing data in a computer tion where someone is not supplying or 쑗 a disk with a storage capacity of 100Mb not paying something 왍 account on stop storage capacity /stɔrd$ kə storage capacity an account which is not supplied because | it has not paid its latest invoices 쑗 We put p sti/ noun the space available for stor- their account on stop and sued them for age the money they owed. 왍 to put a stop on storage company /stɔrd$ storage company a cheque to tell the bank not to pay a kmp(ə)ni/ noun a company which cheque which you have written 쐽 verb 1. keeps items for customers storage facilities /stɔrd$ fə storage facilities to make something not move or happen | any more 쑗 The shipment was stopped by sltiz/ plural noun equipment and build- customs. 쑗 The government has stopped ings suitable for storage storage unit /stɔrd$ junt/ noun a storage unit the import of luxury items. 2. not to do an- ything any more 쑗 The work force device attached to a computer for storing stopped work when the company could information on disk or tape not pay their wages. 쑗 The office staff store /stɔ/ noun 1. a place where goods store stop work at 5.30. 쑗 We have stopped sup- are kept 2. a quantity of items or materials plying Smith & Co. 3. 왍 to stop an ac- kept because they will be needed 쑗 I al- count not to supply an account any more ways keep a store of envelopes ready in on credit because bills have not been paid my desk. 3. US a shop 쐽 verb 1. to keep 왍 to stop a cheque, to stop payment on in a warehouse 쑗 to store goods for six a check US to ask a bank not to pay a months 2. to keep for future use 쑗 We cheque you have written 왍 to stop pay- store our pay records on computer. ments not to make any further payments store card /stɔ kɑd/ noun a credit store card 4. 왍 to stop someone’s wages to take card issued by a large department store, money out of someone’s wages 쑗 We which can only be used for purchases in stopped £25 from his pay because he was that store late. storekeeper /stɔkipə/, storeman storekeeper stop over phrasal verb to stay for a /stɔmən/ noun a person in charge of a short time in a place on a long journey 쑗 storeroom We stopped over in Hong Kong on the storeroom /stɔrum/ noun a room or storeroom way to Australia. small warehouse where stock can be kept stop-loss order /stɒp lɒs ɔdə/ straight bonds /stret bɒndz/ plural stop-loss order straight bonds noun an instruction to a stockbroker to noun normal fixed-interest bonds which sell a share if the price falls to an agreed can be redeemed at a certain date level (NOTE: The US term is stop order.) straight line depreciation /stret straight line depreciation stopover /stɒpəυvə/ noun an act of lan dpriʃieʃ(ə)n/ noun depreciation stopover | | staying for a short time in a place on a calculated by dividing the cost of an asset, long journey 쑗 The ticket allows you two less its remaining value, by the number of stopovers between London and Tokyo. years it is likely to be used COMMENT: Various methods of depreciat- stoppage /stɒpd$/ noun 1. the act of stoppage ing assets are used; under the ‘straight stopping 쑗 stoppage of payments 쑗 Bad line method’, the asset is depreciated at weather was responsible for the stoppage a constant percentage of its cost each of deliveries. 쑗 Deliveries will be late be- year, while with the ‘reducing balance cause of stoppages on the production line. method’ the asset is depreciated at the same percentage rate each year, but 2. a sum of money taken regularly from calculated on the value after the previ- an employee’s wages for insurance, tax, ous year’s depreciation has been de- etc. ducted. Business.fm Page 398 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM s t r a ig h t s 398 straights /strets/ plural noun same as street directory / strit darekt(ə)ri/ straights street directory | straight bonds noun a list of people living in a street; a strategic /strətid$k/ adjective based strategic | map of a town which lists all the streets in on a plan of action alphabetical order in an index street plan /strit pl n/ noun a map street plan /strə strategic management strategic management | of a town showing streets and buildings tid$k m nd$mənt/ noun manage- street vendor /strit vendə/ noun a street vendor ment that focuses on developing corpo- rate strategy, ensuring that the organisa- person who sells food or small items in tion operates and makes decision in ac- the street strength /streŋθ/ noun the fact of be- strength cordance with that strategy, and on achieving and maintaining a strong com- ing strong, or being at a high level 쑗 The petitive advantage company took advantage of the strength of the demand for mobile phones. 쑗 The strategic partnering /strətid$k strategic partnering | strength of the pound increases the possi- pɑtnərŋ/ noun collaboration between bility of high interest rates. Opposite organisations in order to enable them to weakness take advantage of market opportunities stress /stres/ noun nervous tension or stress together, or to respond to customers more effectively than they could if each operat- worry, caused by overwork, difficulty ed separately. Strategic partnering allows with managers, etc. 쑗 People in positions the partners to pool information, skills of responsibility suffer from stress-related and resources and to share risks. illnesses. 쑗 The new work schedules caused too much stress on the shop floor. strategic planning /strətid$k strategic planning | ‘…manual and clerical workers are more pl nŋ/ noun the process of planning likely to suffer from stress-related diseas- the future work of a company es. Causes of stress include the introduc- strategy /str təd$i/ noun a course of tion of new technology, job dissatisfac- strategy action, including the specification of re- tion, fear of job loss, poor working rela- sources required, to achieve specific ob- tions with the boss and colleagues, and bad jective 쑗 a marketing strategy 쑗 a finan- working conditions’ [Personnel Manage- cial strategy 쑗 a sales strategy 쑗 a pric- ment] stressful /stresf(ə)l/ adjective which stressful ing strategy 쑗 What is the strategy of the HR department to deal with long-term causes stress 쑗 Psychologists claim that manpower requirements? 쑗 Part of the repetitive work can be just as stressful as company’s strategy to meet its marketing more demanding but varied work. stress management /stres stress management objectives is a major recruitment and re- training programme. (NOTE: The plural is m nd$mənt/ noun a way of coping strategies.) with stress-related problems at work stretch /stretʃ / verb to pull out or to stretch streaming /strimŋ/ noun technology streaming that allows material to be downloaded make longer 쑗 The investment pro- from the Web and viewed at the same gramme has stretched the company’s re- time. For example, a user can download sources. 왍 he is not fully stretched his enough of a multimedia file to start view- job does not make him work as hard as he ing or listening to it, while the rest of the could strict /strkt/ adjective exact 쑗 The strict file is downloaded in the background. partners are listed in strict order of sen- streamline /strimlan/ verb to make streamline something more efficient or more simple iority. strike /strak/ noun 1. the stopping of strike 쑗 to streamline the accounting system 쑗 to streamline distribution services work by the workers (because of lack of agreement with management or because streamlined /strimland/ adjective streamlined of orders from a union) 2. 왍 to take strike efficient or rapid 쑗 We need a more action to go on strike 3. 왍 to come out on streamlined payroll system. 쑗 The com- strike, to go on strike to stop work 쑗 The pany introduced a streamlined system of office workers are on strike for higher distribution. pay. 왍 to call the workforce out on streamlining /strimlanŋ/ noun the streamlining strike to tell the workers to stop work 쑗 process of making something efficient The union called its members out on Business.fm Page 399 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM 399 study strike. 쐽 verb 1. to stop working because in which valuable documents and money there is no agreement with management 쑗 can be kept to strike for higher wages or for shorter strong currency /strɒŋ krənsi/ strong currency working hours 쑗 to strike in protest noun a currency which has a high value against bad working conditions (NOTE: against other currencies striking – struck) 왍 to strike in sympa- strong pound /strɒŋ paυnd/ noun a strong pound thy with the postal workers to strike to pound which is high against other curren- show that you agree with the postal work- cies ers who are on strike 2. 왍 to strike a bar- strongroom /strɒŋrum/ noun a spe- strongroom gain with someone to come to an agree- ment 왍 a deal was struck at £25 a unit cial room in a bank where valuable docu- we agreed the price of £25 a unit ments, money and gold can be kept structural /strktʃ(ə)rəl/ adjective structural strike ballot /strak b lət/, strike strike ballot vote /strak vəυt/ noun a vote by em- referring to a structure 쑗 to make struc- tural changes in a company ployees to decide if a strike should be held structural unemployment structural unemployment strikebound /strakbaυnd/ adjective strikebound /strktʃ(ə)rəl nmplɔmənt/ noun | not able to work or to move because of a unemployment caused by the changing strike 쑗 Six ships are strikebound in the structure of an industry or the economy docks. structure /strktʃə/ noun the way in structure strikebreaker /strakbrekə/ noun an strikebreaker which something is organised 쑗 the price employee who goes on working while structure in the small car market 쑗 the ca- everyone else is on strike reer structure within a corporation 쑗 The strike call /strak kɔl/ noun a de- strike call paper gives a diagram of the company’s mand by a union for a strike organisational structure. 쑗 The company strike fund /strak fnd/ noun money strike fund is reorganising its discount structure. 쐽 collected by a trade union from its mem- verb to arrange in a specific way 쑗 to bers, used to pay strike pay structure a meeting structured systems analysis and structured systems analysis and design method strike pay /strak pe/ noun wages strike pay paid to striking employees by their trade design method /strktʃəd sstəms union ən ləss ən dzan meθəd/ noun a | | method of analysing and designing com- strike price /strakŋ pras/, striking strike price puter systems, which proceeds in a series price noun 1. a price at which a new issue of logical steps, beginning with a feasibil- of shares is offered for sale 2. the lowest ity study and moving through require- selling price when selling a new issue of ments analysis, requirements specifica- shares by tender (applicants who tendered tion, and logical system specification to at a higher price will get shares; those physical design. Each stage must be com- who tendered at a lower price will not) pleted before the next stage can begin. striker /strakə/ noun an employee striker Abbreviation SSADM who is on strike 쑗 Strikers marched to the stub /stb/ noun a slip of paper left after stub company headquarters. writing a cheque, an invoice or a receipt, strong /strɒŋ/ adjective with a lot of as a record of the deal which has taken strong force or strength 쑗 This Christmas saw a place strong demand for mobile phones. 쑗 The studio /stjudiəυ/ noun a place where studio company needs a strong chairman. designers, film producers, artists, etc., ‘…everybody blames the strong dollar for work US trade problems’ [Duns Business study /stdi/ noun an act of examining study Month] something carefully 쑗 The company has ‘…in a world of floating exchange rates asked the consultants to prepare a study the dollar is strong because of capital in- of new production techniques. 쑗 He has flows rather than weak because of the na- read the government study on sales op- tion’s trade deficit’ [Duns Business portunities. 왍 to carry out a feasibility Month] study on a project to examine the costs strongbox /strɒŋbɒks/ noun a heavy strongbox and possible profits to see if the project metal box which cannot be opened easily, should be started 쐽 verb to examine Business.fm Page 400 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM stuff 400 something carefully 쑗 We are studying email, apart from the sender’s name, that the possibility of setting up an office in can be read immediately by the receiver. New York. 쑗 The government studied the subject to /sbd$kt tu/ adjective 1. subject to committee’s proposals for two months. 쑗 depending on 왍 the contract is subject to You will need to study the market careful- government approval the contract will ly before deciding on the design of the be valid only if it is approved by the gov- product. ernment 왍 offer subject to availability stuff /stf/ verb to put papers into enve- stuff the offer is valid only if the goods are lopes 쑗 We pay casual workers by the available 2. 왍 these articles are subject hour for stuffing envelopes or for enve- to import tax import tax has to be paid on lope stuffing. these articles style /stal/ noun a way of doing or style sub judice /sb d$udsi/ adverb be- sub judice making something 쑗 a new style of prod- ing considered by a court (and so not to be uct 쑗 old-style management techniques mentioned in the media) 쑗 The papers sub /sb/ noun 1. wages paid in advance sub cannot report the case because it is still 2. same as subscription sub judice. sub- /sb/ prefix under or less important sub- sublease noun /sblis/ a lease from a sublease sub-agency / sb ed$əns/ noun a sub-agency tenant to another tenant 쑗 They signed a small agency which is part of a large sublease for the property. 쐽 verb /sb | agency lis/ to lease a leased property from an- sub-agent /sb ed$ənt/ noun a per- other tenant 쑗 They subleased a small of- sub-agent son who is in charge of a sub-agency fice in the centre of town. subcommittee /sbkəmti/ noun a sublessee /sblesi/ noun a person or subcommittee sublessee | small committee which is part of or set up company that takes a property on a sub- by a main committee 쑗 The next item on lease the agenda is the report of the finance sublessor /sblesɔ/ noun a tenant sublessor subcommittee. | who leases a leased property to another subcontract noun /sbkɒntr kt/ a subcontract | tenant contract between the main contractor for sublet /sblet/ verb to let a leased sublet a whole project and another firm who will | do part of the work 쑗 They have been property to another tenant 쑗 We have sub- awarded the subcontract for all the elec- let part of our office to a financial consul- trical work in the new building. 쑗 We will tancy. (NOTE: subletting – sublet) /sb subliminal advertising put the electrical work out to subcontract. subliminal advertising | 쐽 verb /sbkəntr kt/ (of a main | lmn(ə)l  dvətazŋ/ noun advertis- contractor) to agree with a company that ing that attempts to leave impressions on they will do part of the work for a project the subconscious mind of the person who 쑗 The electrical work has been subcon- sees it or hears it without that person real- tracted to Smith Ltd. ising that this is being done subcontractor /sbkəntr ktə/ submit /səbmt/ verb to put something subcontractor submit | | noun a company which has a contract to forward to be examined 쑗 The planners do work for a main contractor submitted the proposal to the committee. subdivision /sbdv$(ə)n/ noun US 쑗 He submitted a claim to the insurers. 쑗 subdivision a piece of empty land to be used for build- The reps are asked to submit their expens- ing new houses es claims once a month. 쑗 The union has subjective /səbd$ektv/ adjective submitted a claim for a ten per cent wage subjective | considered from the point of view of the increase. (NOTE: submitting – submit- person involved, and not from any general ted) point of view 쑗 Her assessments of the subordinate /səbɔdnət/ less impor- subordinate | performance of her staff are quite subjec- tant 왍 subordinate to governed by, which tive. Opposite objective depends on 쐽 noun a person in a lower subject line /sbd$kt lan/ noun the position in an organisation 쑗 Her subor- subject line space at the top of an email template in dinates find her difficult to work with. 쑗 which the sender types the title or subject Part of the manager’s job is to supervise of the email. It is the only part of the the training of their subordinates. Business.fm Page 401 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM 401 subtenancy subpoena /səpinə/ noun a court or- subscription rate / səbskrpʃən subpoena subscription rate | | der telling someone to appear as a witness ret/ noun the amount of money to be (NOTE: an old term, now called a wit- paid for a series of issues of a magazine ness summons) 쐽 verb to order some- subsidiary /səbsdiəri/ adjective less subsidiary | one to appear in court 쑗 The finance di- important 쑗 They agreed to most of the rector was subpoenaed by the prosecu- conditions in the contract but queried one tion. or two subsidiary items. 쐽 noun same as sub-post office /sb pəυst ɒfs/ sub-post office subsidiary company 쑗 Most of the noun a small post office, usually part of a group profit was contributed by the sub- general store sidiaries in the Far East. subscribe / səbskrab/ verb 1. 왍 to subsidiary company /səbsdiəri subscribe subsidiary company | | subscribe to a magazine or website to kmp(ə)ni/ noun a company which is pay for a series of issues of a magazine or more than 50% owned by a holding com- for information available on a website 2. pany, and where the holding company 왍 to subscribe for shares, to subscribe controls the board of directors to a share issue to apply for shares in a subsidise /sbsdaz/, subsidize subsidise new company verb to help by giving money 쑗 The gov- subscriber /səbskrabə/ noun 1. 왍 subscriber | ernment has refused to subsidise the car subscriber to a magazine, magazine industry. subscriber a person who has paid in ad- subsidised subsidised accommodation accommodation vance for a series of issues of a magazine /sbsdazd əkɒmədeʃ(ə)n/ noun | | or to have access to information on a web- cheap accommodation which is partly site 쑗 The extra issue is sent free to sub- paid for by an employer or a local author- scribers. 2. 왍 subscriber to a share issue ity a person who has applied for shares in a subsidy /sbsdi/ noun 1. money giv- subsidy new company 3. a user who chooses to re- ceive information, content, or services en to help something which is not profita- regularly from a website ble 쑗 The industry exists on government subsidies. 쑗 The government has in- subscription /səbskrpʃən/ noun 1. subscription | creased its subsidy to the car industry. 2. money paid in advance for a series of is- money given by a government to make sues of a magazine, for membership of a something cheaper 쑗 the subsidy on rail society or for access to information on a transport (NOTE: The plural is subsi- website 쑗 Did you remember to pay the dies.) subscription to the computer magazine? subsistence /səbsstəns/ noun a subsistence 쑗 She forgot to renew her club subscrip- | tion. 왍 to take out a subscription to a minimum amount of food, money, hous- magazine to start paying for a series of is- ing, etc., which a person needs 왍 to live at sues of a magazine 왍 to cancel a sub- subsistence level to have only just scription to a magazine to stop paying enough money to live on for a series of issues of a magazine 2. 왍 subsistence allowance /səb subsistence allowance | subscription to a new share issue appli- sstəns əlaυəns/ noun money paid by a | cation to buy shares in a new company company to cover the cost of hotels, subscription-based subscription-based publishing publishing meals, etc., for an employee who is trav- /səbskrpʃən best pblʃŋ/ noun a | elling on business substantial /səbst nʃəl/ adjective substantial form of publishing in which content from | a website, magazine, book or other publi- large or important 왍 she was awarded cation, is delivered regularly by email or substantial damages she received a large other means to a group of subscribers sum of money as damages subscription list /səbskrpʃən lst/ substitute /sbsttjut/ noun a per- subscription list substitute | noun a list of subscribers to a new share son or thing that takes the place of some- issue one or something else 쐽 adjective taking subscription subscription process process /səb | the place of another person or thing 쐽 skrpʃən prəυses/ noun the process by verb to take the place of someone or which users register and pay to receive in- something else subtenancy /sbtenənsi/ noun an subtenancy formation, content or services from a | website agreement to sublet a property Business.fm Page 402 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM subtenant 402 subtenant /sbtenənt/ noun a person one to get money as compensation 쑗 They subtenant | or company to which a property has been are planning to sue the construction com- sublet pany for damages. 쑗 He is suing the com- subtotal /sbtəυt(ə)l/ noun the total subtotal | pany for $50,000 compensation. suffer /sfə/ verb to be in a bad situa- suffer of one section of a complete set of figures 쑗 She added all the subtotals to make a tion, to do badly 쑗 Exports have suffered grand total. during the last six months. 왍 to suffer subtract /səbtr kt/ verb to take away from something to do badly because of subtract | something from a total 쑗 The credit note something 쑗 The company’s products suf- should be subtracted from the figure for fer from bad design. 쑗 The group suffers total sales. 쑗 If the profits from the Far from bad management. Eastern operations are subtracted, you ‘…the bank suffered losses to the extent will see that the group has not been prof- that its capital has been wiped out’ itable in the European market. [South China Morning Post] subtraction /səbtr kʃən/ noun an subtraction | ‘…the holding company has seen its earn- act of taking one number away from an- ings suffer from big writedowns in con- other junction with its agricultural loan portfo- lio’ [Duns Business Month] subvention /səbvenʃ(ə)n/ noun same subvention sufficient / səfʃ(ə)nt/ adjective | sufficient as subsidy | enough 쑗 The company has sufficient succeed /səksid/ verb 1. to do well, succeed | funds to pay for its expansion programme. to be profitable 쑗 The company has suc- suggest /səd$est/ verb to put forward suggest ceeded best in the overseas markets. 쑗 | Her business has succeeded more than a proposal 쑗 The chairman suggested she had expected. 2. to do what was (that) the next meeting should be held in planned 쑗 She succeeded in passing her October. 쑗 We suggested Mr Smith for the computing test. 쑗 They succeeded in post of treasurer. suggestion /səd$estʃən/ noun an suggestion putting their rivals out of business. 3. to | take over from someone in a post 쑗 Mr idea which is put forward suggestion box /səd$estʃən bɒks/, suggestion box Smith was succeeded as chairman by Mrs | Jones. suggestions box /səd$estʃənz bɒks/ | success /səkses/ noun 1. an act of do- noun a place in a company where em- success | ing something well 쑗 The launch of the ployees can put forward their ideas for new model was a great success. 쑗 The making the company more efficient and company has had great success in the profitable Japanese market. 2. an act of doing what suitable /sutəb(ə)l/ adjective conven- suitable was intended 쑗 We had no success in try- ient or which fits 쑗 Wednesday is the most ing to sell the lease. 쑗 She has been look- suitable day for board meetings. 쑗 We ing for a job for six months, but with no had to readvertise the job because there success. were no suitable candidates. successful /səksesf(ə)l/ adjective sum1 / sm/ noun 1. a quantity of money successful sum | having got the desired result 쑗 a success- 쑗 A sum of money was stolen from the hu- ful businessman 쑗 a successful selling man resources office. 쑗 He lost large trip to Germany 쑗 The successful candi- sums on the Stock Exchange. 쑗 She re- dates will be advised by letter. ceived the sum of £5000 in compensation. successfully /səksesf(ə)li/ adverb successfully | 왍 the sum insured the largest amount well or getting the desired result 쑗 She which an insurer will pay under the terms successfully negotiated a new contract of an insurance 2. the total of a series of with the unions. 쑗 The new model was figures added together 쑗 The sum of the successfully launched last month. various subtotals is £18,752. successor /səksesə/ noun a person sum2 /sm/ noun a unit of currency used successor sum | who takes over from someone 쑗 Mr in Uzbekistan Smith’s successor as chairman will be summary /sməri/ noun a short ac- summary Mrs Jones. count of what has happened or of what sue /sju/ verb to take someone to court, has been written 쑗 The MD gave a sum- sue to start legal proceedings against some- mary of her discussions with the German Business.fm Page 403 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM 403 supplement trade delegation. 쑗 The sales department superior /sυpəriə/ adjective better, of superior | has given a summary of sales in Europe better quality 쑗 Our product is superior for the first six months. to all competing products. 쑗 Their sales summons /smənz/ noun an official are higher because of their superior dis- summons order from a court requiring someone to tribution service. 쐽 noun a more impor- appear in court to be tried for a criminal tant person 쑗 Each manager is responsi- offence or to defend a civil action 쑗 He ble to their superior for accurate report- threw away the summons and went on ing of sales. holiday to Spain. supermarket /supəmɑkt/ noun a supermarket large store, usually selling food and sums chargeable to the reserve sums chargeable to the reserve /smz tʃɑd$əb(ə)l tə ðə rz&v/ plural | household goods, where customers serve noun sums which can be debited to a themselves and pay at a checkout 쑗 Sales company’s reserves in supermarkets or Supermarket sales ac- Sunday closing /snde kləυzŋ/ Sunday closing count for half the company’s turnover. supermarket trolley /supəmɑkt supermarket trolley noun the practice of not opening a shop on Sundays trɒli/ noun a metal basket on wheels, trading laws /snde Sunday trading laws Sunday used by shoppers to put their purchases in tredŋ lɔz/ plural noun regulations as they go round a supermarket (NOTE: which govern business activities on Sun- The US term is shopping cart.) superstore /supəstɔ/ noun a very superstore days (NOTE: The US term is Blue Laws.) sundries /sndriz/ plural noun vari- sundries large self-service store (more than 2,500 ous small additional items, often of little square metres) which sells a wide range value, that are not included under any of of goods 쑗 We bought the laptop at a the main headings in accounts computer superstore. supertanker /supət ŋkə/ noun a supertanker sundry /sndri/ adjective various sundry very large oil tanker sundry items /sndri atəmz/ noun sundry items supervise /supəvaz/ verb to moni- supervise small items which are not listed in detail tor work carefully to see that it is being /snraz sunrise industries sunrise industries done well 쑗 The move to the new offices ndəstriz/ plural noun companies in the was supervised by the administrative fields of electronics and other high-tech manager. 쑗 She supervises six people in areas the accounts department. /snset sunset industries sunset industries supervision /supəv$(ə)n/ noun the supervision ndəstriz/ plural noun old-style indus- | fact of being supervised 쑗 New staff work tries which are being replaced by new under supervision for the first three technology months. 쑗 She is very experienced and /supər nju superannuation superannuation | can be left to work without any supervi- eʃ(ə)n/ noun a pension paid to someone sion. 쑗 The cash was counted under the who is too old or ill to work any more supervision of the finance manager. superannuation plan /supər nju superannuation plan supervisor /supəvazə/ noun a per- supervisor | eʃ(ə)n pl n/, superannuation son who supervises 쑗 The supervisor was scheme /supər njueʃ(ə)n skim/ | asked to write a report on the workers’ noun a pension plan or scheme performance. superindustrial society superindustrial society supervisory /supəvazəri/ adjective supervisory /supərndstriəl səsaəti/ noun a so- | as a supervisor 쑗 Supervisory staff ciety in which both the personal and checked the trainees’ work. 쑗 He works in working lives of people are dominated by a supervisory capacity. 쑗 The supervisory technology staff have asked for a pay rise. superintend /supərntend/ verb to superintend supplement | supplement noun something which is be in charge of work, to watch carefully, added 쑗 The company gives him a supple- to see that work is well done 쑗 He super- ment to his pension. 쐽 verb to add 쑗 We intends the company’s overseas sales. will supplement the warehouse staff with superintendent /supərntendənt/ superintendent | six part-timers during the Christmas noun the title of an official in charge rush. Business.fm Page 404 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM supplementary 404 supplementary /splment(ə)ri/ supply price /səpla pras/ noun the supplementary supply price | | adjective in addition to price at which something is provided supplementary benefit /spl supply-side economics /səpla supplementary benefit supply-side economics | | ment(ə)ri benft/ noun formerly, pay- sad ikənɒmks/ plural noun an eco- | ments from the government to people nomic theory that governments should with very low incomes. It was replaced by encourage producers and suppliers of Income Support. goods by cutting taxes, rather than en- supplementary unemployment supplementary unemployment benefits courage demand by making more money benefits / splment(ə)ri nm | available in the economy (NOTE: takes a plɔmənt benfts/ noun US payments singular verb) support /səpɔt/ noun 1. actions or support made by a company to workers who have | been laid off, in addition to regular unem- money intended to help someone or ployment insurance payments something 쑗 The government has provid- supplier /səplaə/ noun a person or ed support to the car industry. 쑗 We have supplier | company that supplies or sells goods or no financial support from the banks. 2. services 쑗 We use the same office equip- agreement or encouragement 쑗 The ment supplier for all our stationery pur- chairman has the support of the commit- chases. 쑗 They are major suppliers of tee. 쐽 verb 1. to give money to help some- spare parts to the car industry. Also one or something 쑗 The government is called producer supporting the car industry to the tune of supply /səpla/ noun 1. the act of pro- supply | $2m per annum. 쑗 We hope the banks will viding something which is needed 2. 왍 in support us during the expansion period. short supply not available in large 2. to encourage someone, or to agree with enough quantities to meet the demand 쑗 someone 쑗 She hopes the other members Spare parts are in short supply because of of the committee will support her. 쑗 The the strike. 3. stock of something which is market will not support another price in- needed 쑗 Garages were running short of crease. support price /səpɔt pras/ noun a support price supplies of petrol. 쑗 Supplies of coal to | the factory have been hit by the rail strike. price in the EU at which a government 쑗 Supplies of stationery have been re- will buy agricultural produce to stop the duced. 쐽 verb to provide something price falling which is needed 쑗 to supply a factory surcharge /s&tʃɑd$/ noun an extra surcharge with spare parts 쑗 The finance depart- charge ment supplied the committee with the fig- surety /ʃυərəti/ noun 1. a person who surety ures. 쑗 Details of staff addresses and guarantees that someone will do some- phone numbers can be supplied by the HR thing 쑗 to stand surety for someone 2. department. deeds, share certificates, etc., deposited as supply and demand /səpla ən d supply and demand | | security for a loan mɑnd/ noun the amount of a product surface surface transport transport /s&fs which is available and the amount which tr nspɔt/ noun transport on land or sea is wanted by customers surplus /s&pləs/ noun 1. more of surplus supply chain /səpla tʃen/ noun the something than is needed 왍 these items supply chain | manufacturers, wholesalers, distributors are surplus to our requirements we do and retailers, who produce goods and not need these items 2. an amount of services from raw materials and deliver money remaining after all liabilities have them to consumers, considered as a group been met 왍 to absorb a surplus to take a or network surplus into a larger amount 쐽 adjective supply chain management /səpla more than is needed 쑗 Profit figures are supply chain management | tʃen m nd$mənt/ noun the work of lower than planned because of surplus la- co-ordinating all the activities connected bour. 쑗 Some of the machines may have to with supplying of finished goods (NOTE: be sold off as there is surplus production Supply chain management covers the capacity. 쑗 We are proposing to put our processes of materials management, lo- surplus staff on short time. gistics, physical distribution manage- ‘Both imports and exports reached record ment, purchasing, and information man- levels in the latest year. This generated a agement.) $371 million trade surplus in June, the sev- Business.fm Page 405 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM 405 sweetheart agreement enth consecutive monthly surplus and payments. 쑗 We are trying to avoid a sus- close to market expectations’ pension of deliveries during the strike. 2. [Dominion (Wellington, New Zealand)] the act of stopping someone working for surrender /sərendə/ noun the act of surrender | a time giving up of an insurance policy before suspension file /səspenʃ(ə)n fal/ suspension file the contracted date for maturity 쐽 verb 왍 | noun a stiff card file, with metal edges, to surrender a policy to give up an insur- which can be hooked inside the drawer of ance policy before the date on which it a filing cabinet so that it hangs loose matures trolley / sə suspension file trolley suspension file surrender value /sərendə v lju/ surrender value | | spenʃ(ə)n fal trɒli/ noun a trolley noun the money which an insurer will pay which carries rows of suspension files, if an insurance policy is given up and can easily be moved from place to surtax /s&t ks/ noun an extra tax on surtax place in an office high income /sə sustainable advantage sustainable advantage survey noun /s&ve/ 1. a general re- survey | stenəb(ə)l ədvɑntd$/ noun a com- port on a problem 쑗 The government has | petitive advantage that can be preserved published a survey of population trends. over a long period of time, as opposed to 쑗 We have asked the sales department to one that results from a short-term tactical produce a survey of competing products. promotion 2. a careful examination of something, development / sə sustainable development such as a building, to see if it is in good sustainable | enough condition 쑗 We have asked for a stenəb(ə)l dveləpmənt/ noun devel- | survey of the house before buying it. 쑗 opment that will be able to continue for a The insurance company is carrying out a long time into the future because it is survey of the damage. 3. the process of based on renewable resources and re- examining and measuring something ex- spects the environment rather consuming actly 쐽 verb /səve/ 1. to make a survey | resources recklessly to meet the needs of of a building 쑗 A buildings surveyor was the present called in to survey the damage caused by swap /swɒp/ noun an exchange of one swap the fire. 2. to measure land in order to pro- thing for another 쐽 verb to exchange one duce a plan or map 쑗 They’re surveying thing for another 쑗 He swapped his old the area where the new motorway will be car for a new motorcycle. 왍 they built. swapped jobs each of them took the oth- surveyor /səveə/ noun a person who er’s job surveyor | examines buildings to see if they are in swatch /swɒtʃ/ noun a small sample of swatch good condition; person who surveys land a fabric 쑗 The interior designer showed 쑗 the surveyor’s report was favourable us swatches of the curtain fabric. suspend /səspend/ verb 1. to stop do- suspend sweated labour /swetd lebə/ noun sweated labour | ing something for a time 쑗 We have sus- 1. people who work hard for very little pended payments while we are waiting for money 쑗 Of course the firm makes a prof- news from our agent. 쑗 Sailings have it – it employs sweated labour. 쑗 Most of been suspended until the weather gets the immigrant farmworkers are sweated better. 쑗 Work on the construction project labour. 2. hard work which is very badly has been suspended. 쑗 The management paid decided to suspend negotiations. 2. to sweatshop /swetʃɒp/ noun a factory sweatshop stop someone working for a time 쑗 He was suspended on full pay while the po- using sweated labour sweetener /swit(ə)nə/ noun an in- sweetener lice investigations were going on. suspense account /səspens ə centive offered to help persuade some- suspense account | | kaυnt/ noun an account into which pay- body to take a particular course of action, ments are put temporarily when the ac- a bribe (informal ) countant cannot be sure where they sweetheart agreement /swithɑt sweetheart agreement should be entered ə!rimənt/ noun (in Australia and New | suspension /səspenʃən/ noun 1. an suspension | Zealand) an agreement reached between act of stopping something for a time 쑗 employees and their employer without the There has been a temporary suspension of need for arbitration Business.fm Page 406 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM swipe 406 swipe /swap/ verb to pass a credit card syndicated / sndketd/ adjective swipe syndicated or charge card through a reader 쑗 He (article which is) published in several swiped the card but it didn’t register. newspapers or magazines 쑗 He writes a Swiss franc /sws fr ŋk/ noun a syndicated column on personal finance. Swiss franc synergy /snəd$i/ noun the process of synergy unit of currency used in Switzerland and Liechtenstein (normally considered a producing greater effects by joining forc- very stable currency) es than by acting separately 쑗 There is switch /swtʃ/ verb to change from one switch considerable synergy between the two thing to another 쑗 to switch funds from companies. synthetic /snθetk/ adjective artifi- synthetic one investment to another 쑗 The job was | switched from our British factory to the cial, made by man States. synthetic fibres /snθetk fabəz/ synthetic fibres | switch over to phrasal verb to change noun materials made as products of a to something quite different 쑗 We have chemical process switched over to a French supplier. 쑗 synthetic materials /snθetk mə synthetic materials | | The factory has switched over to gas for təriəlz/ plural noun substances made as heating. products of a chemical process switchboard /swtʃbɔd/ noun cen- switchboard system /sstəm/ noun an arrangement system tral point in a telephone system, where all or organisation of things which work to- lines meet gether 쑗 Our accounting system has switchboard operator /swtʃbɔd switchboard operator worked well in spite of the large increase ɒpəretə/ noun a person who works the in orders. 쑗 What system is being used for central telephone system filing data on personnel? 왍 to operate a swop /swɒp/ verb same as swap quota system to regulate supplies by fix- swop SWOT analysis /swɒt ən ləss/ SWOT analysis | ing quantities which are allowed 쑗 We ar- noun a method of assessing a person, range our distribution using a quota sys- company or product by considering their tem – each agent is allowed only a specif- Strengths, Weaknesses and external fac- ic number of units. systematic /sstə m tk/ adjective systematic tors which may provide Opportunities or | Threats to their development. Full form in order, using method 쑗 He ordered a Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportuni- systematic report on the distribution serv- ties, Threats ice. systems analysis /sstəmz ə systems analysis symbol /smbəl/ noun a sign, picture symbol | or object which represents something 쑗 n ləss/ noun the process of using a They use a bear as their advertising sym- computer to suggest how a company can bol. work more efficiently by analysing the way in which it works at present sympathy strike /smpəθi strak/ sympathy strike systems analyst /sstəmz  nəlst/ systems analyst noun a strike to show that workers agree with another group of workers who are al- noun a person who specialises in systems ready on strike analysis systems approach /sstəms ə systems approach syndicate noun /sndkət/ a group of syndicate | people or companies working together to prəυtʃ/ noun an approach to decision- make money 쑗 a German finance syndi- making and problem-solving within or- cate 쐽 verb / sndket/ 1. to produce an ganisations that is based on the idea that article, a cartoon, etc., which is then pub- when the various components of a system lished in several newspapers or maga- work together they produce an effect zines 2. to arrange for a large loan to be greater than the sum of the effects made underwritten by several international by each individual part systems audit /sstəms ɔdt/ noun systems audit banks ‘…over the past few weeks, companies an audit that uses the systems method to raising new loans from international banks assess the internal control system of an have been forced to pay more, and an unu- organisation, e.g. to assess the quality of sually high number of attempts to syndi- the accounting system and the level of cate loans among banks has failed’ testing required from the financial state- [Financial Times] ments Business.fm Page 407 Thursday, April 8, 2004 3:51 PM 407 take systems design /sstəms dzan/ ning, designing, creating, testing and op- systems design | noun the process of designing a computer erating complex systems system or program to carry out a particu- systems method /sstəms meθəd/ systems method lar function or achieve a particular objec- noun a method of exploring the nature of tive complex business situations, which in- systems engineering /sstəms volves creating a mathematical or compu- systems engineering end$nərŋ/ noun the process of plan- | ter model in which all the activities to be studied are represented T TA abbr transactional analysis als their tacit approval. 쑗 I think we have TA tab /t b/ noun same as tabulator tab their tacit agreement to the proposal. tactic /t ktk/ noun a way of doing tactic (informal ) table /teb(ə)l/ noun 1. a diagram or table things so as to be at an advantage 쑗 Se- chart 2. a list of figures or facts set out in curing a key position at an exhibition is columns 쐽 verb 1. to put items of infor- an old tactic which always produces good mation on the table before a meeting 쑗 results 쑗 Concentrating our sales force in The report of the finance committee was that area could be a good tactic. 쑗 The di- tabled. 왍 to table a motion to put forward rectors planned their tactics before going a proposal for discussion at a meeting 2. into the meeting. 왍 to table a proposal US to remove a tael /tal/ noun a measurement of the tael proposal from discussion 쑗 The motion to weight of gold, used in the Far East (= hold a new election was tabled. 1.20oz/38g) table of contents /teb(ə)l əv tailor /telə/ verb to design something table of contents tailor kɒntents/ noun a list of contents in a for a specific purpose 쑗 We mail out press book releases tailored to the reader interests of tabular /t bjυlə/ adjective 왍 in tabu- each particular newspaper or periodical. tabular lar form arranged in a table take /tek/ noun 1. the money received