Descriptive Research Design - Macaraeg & Munoz

FIELD METHODS PRESENTED BY: MACARAEG JOSEIAH MAE MUNOZ MICA ANGELA I. ORIGIN II. DESCRIPTION III. PURPOSE IV. OBJECTIVES V. SAMPLE RESEARCH VI. DATA ANALYSIS VII. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES Descriptive research has long provided a crucial basis for many academic areas. Anthropologis...

FIELD METHODS PRESENTED BY: MACARAEG JOSEIAH MAE MUNOZ MICA ANGELA I. ORIGIN II. DESCRIPTION III. PURPOSE IV. OBJECTIVES V. SAMPLE RESEARCH VI. DATA ANALYSIS VII. ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES Descriptive research has long provided a crucial basis for many academic areas. Anthropologists in the past would utilize this type of approach to record and study their findings about cultures and societies. While psychologists used it to observe behaviors, emotions, and responses. Over time, the method has evolved, incorporating technological advancements and adapting to contemporary needs, yet its essence remains rooted in describing a phenomenon or setting as it is. Descriptive research involves gathering data that describe events and then organizes, tabulates, depicts, and describes the data collection (Glass & Hopkins, 1984). This is achieved by systematically gathering information without manipulating any variables. There is no intervention of the researchers, only data collection. The methods of data collection is through surveys, observations, and case studies. Does not explore relationships between different variables nor the causes.  Perfect for addressing the type of research aim and questions of: What? Descriptive research answers the what, where, when, and how questions (McCombes, 2009). It’s Who? main purpose is to gather quantifiable information for statistical analysis of the population sample. Where? It is appropriate when identifying the characteristics, frequencies, trends, When? and categories. It is most useful when there is not much information available about the research topic. To be able to provide a comprehensive Gathering existing data to provide a description of the characteristics, behaviors, and attributes of a particular clear understanding of such population or phenomenon in the natural phenomenons to inform future setting without manipulation of variables. analytical or experimental studies To be a foundation for future researchers as it would form hypotheses or questions that can be tested with a number of methods Research Title: "Teachers' Competence and Difficulties in Research: A Descriptive Quantitative Study” Descriptive research only describe the current state of a variable, so there are no presumed cause or effects, therefore no independent and dependent variables. It often uses visual aids such as graphs and Measures of charts to aid the reader in understanding Central Tendency the data distribution. Mean (average) Median (midpoint) When in-depth, narrative descriptions of Mode (most common) small numbers of cases are involved, the Standard deviation research uses description as a tool to Skewness organize data into patterns that emerge Variance during analysis. Qualitative and Potential Limitations Quantitative Depends on existing Cost Effectiveness data Non-invasive Lack of Control Lack of Depth Flexibility (5-Item Multiple Choice) Which of the following is a characteristic of a descriptive quantitative research? a) There is a manipulation of variables b) It answers the questions of who, what, where, when, and why c) Involves collection of data and providing insight to describe a situation Which of the following is NOT used to in the methods of descriptive research? a) Through surveys, observations, and case studies b) Through an experimental procedure involving control and treatment groups c) Gathering a measured data on a sample group How do we interpret the collected data in a descriptive research? a) Measures of central tendency, which are the mean, mode, median, standard deviation, etc. b) Measurement of validity, which are construct, translation, and criterion-related c) Through measurement, assessment, and evaluation What are the advantages of using this type of research? a) Depends on existing data b) Non-invasive c) Potential limitations What are the disadvantages of using this type of research? a) Has control b) Has depth c) Potential limitations  1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C  REFERENCES Descriptive research design: What it is and how to use it. Qualtrics. (2023, November 9). https://www.qualtrics.com/experience-management/research/descriptive-research- design/ Stewart, L. (2024, July 10). What is descriptive research?: Uses, examples & methods. ATLAS.ti. https://atlasti.com/research-hub/descriptive-research Sirisilla, S. (2023, February 20). Descriptive research: Definition, types, and flaws to avoid. Enago Academy. https://www.enago.com/academy/descriptive-research-design/ Pregua, M. (2024, August 30). View of teachers’ competence and difficulties in research: A descriptive quantitative study. pgjsrt. https://pgjsrt.com/pgjsrt/index.php/qaj/article/view/195/89