NURS 345 Nursing Research PDF

NURS 345 NURSING RESEARCH College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2020/21 – 2025/26  Session Overview The research process involves identifying, locating, assessing, and analysing the information you need to support your research question, and...

NURS 345 NURSING RESEARCH College of Education School of Continuing and Distance Education 2020/21 – 2025/26  Session Overview The research process involves identifying, locating, assessing, and analysing the information you need to support your research question, and then developing and expressing your ideas. It is important to note that the process can sometimes be cyclical as one may need to go back and forth in the process until you reach the final step.  Session Outline The key topics to be covered in the session are as follows: Topic One : Defining the Research Process Topic Two : Steps of the Research Process –Identifying the Problem –Background to the Study –Problem Statement  Session Learning Objectives By the end of the session, students will be able to: Discuss the research process Identify the steps of the research process Explain the significance of each step to the research process  Reading List Read – Chapters 1 and 2 Gerrish, K., & Lacey, A. (2010) The Research Process in Nursing. – 6th ed. UK. Blackwell Publishing Topic One DEFINING THE RESEARCH PROCESS 6  What is Nursing Research Research is concerned with generating new knowledge through a process of systematic scientific enquiry, the research process. ‘Nursing research is a systematic enquiry that seeks to add new nursing knowledge to benefit patients, families and communities. It encompasses all aspects of health that are of interest to nursing, including promotion of health, prevention of illness, care of people of all ages during illness and recovery or towards a peaceful and dignified death’ (ICN 2009)  The Research Process The research process is a series of steps that need to be undertaken to carry out any piece of research. The precise stages of the research process, and the order in which they are undertaken, will vary depending on the nature of the research, but will always follow a systematic pattern from initial ideas through to dissemination and implementation.  Importance of Research in Nursing Research is concerned with generating new knowledge through a process of systematic scientific enquiry, the research process. Research in nursing can provide new insights into nursing practice, develop and improve methods of caring, and test the effectiveness of care. Evidence-based practice involves the integration of the best available research evidence with expert clinical opinion while taking account of the preferences of patients. Topic Two STEPS OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS 10  The Research Process Although the research process will be presented as a linear, sequential process, the stages are often revisited several times during the process.  Identifying the Research Problem Begin with an idea or hunch that might arise from your clinical practice, from professional discussion among colleagues, from an issue in the media, or from reading an article or book etc For example; – Are pelvic floor exercises taught to women during antenatal classes? – Do pregnant women understand what pelvic floor exercises are, and are they willing to learn the skills of doing them? – Does the use of pelvic floor exercises reduce the length of labour? Topic Two STEPS OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS Topic Two STEPS OF THE RESEARCH PROCESS 13 Sub-Topic: Background to the Study 14  Identifying the Research Problem- Background to the Study Provide information that explains the idea or topic you have in mind and explain its relevance Show evidence of studies that have been done in that area and which supports or aligns with what you have in mind Provide justification for why you need to conduct your study. Show the need for your study  Background to the Study (cont’d) The background to the study must show the relevance of the study to warrant the study. It must narrow down to topic to make it specific for the researcher to remain focused. Identify gaps in existing literature and indicate how your research proposes to fill the gap  Sample: Background to the Study Topic: Patient Satisfaction with Palliative Care Delivered in Nursing Homes Areas to consider: – Palliative Care – define and state its importance to nursing practice, care – The benefits of palliative care to clients – use empirical evidence if available – Why is there a need to address patient satisfaction with care in general and thus palliative care – What studies have been done and why must this be carried out. Sub-Topic: Problem Statement 18  Identifying the Problem- Statement of the Problem “Research problem is an interrogative statement that asks what relation exists between two or more variables. The statement usually has one or two clear sentences that capture the essence of the entire study. A problem statement is a concise description of an issue to be addressed or a condition to be improved upon. It identifies the gap between the current state and desired state of a process or product.  Problem Statement A problem statement is a concise description of the problem or issues a project seeks to address. The problem statement identifies the current state, the desired future state and any gaps between the two. A problem statement is an important communication tool that can help ensure everyone working on a project knows what the problem they need to address is and why the project is important.  Importance of the Problem Statement A problem statement is important to a process improvement project because it helps clearly identify the goals of the project and outline the scope of a project. It also helps guide the activities and decisions of the people who are working on the project. The problem statement can help a business or organization gain support and buy-in for a process improvement project.  Relevance of the Problem Statement A research problem should help to improve the clinical nursing practice and provide solution for the problems in clinical setting. It includes the extent of problem, who is affected, how severely it is affected and what are the modifications.  Characteristics of a Good Problem Statement Research problem is clearly, precisely and concisely articulated. It clearly states the variables. The type of study may be included in the research statement.  Steps to Formulating a Good Research Problem Identify broad area of interest in your academic/professional field. Dissect the broad area into sub-areas. Select a sub-area or areas in which you would like to conduct your research. Raise research questions and evaluate the question. Formulate a research question (statement).  Summary Research is concerned with generating new knowledge through a process of systematic scientific enquiry, the research process. Research in nursing can provide new insights into nursing practice, develop and improve methods of caring, and test the effectiveness of care. The Steps of the Research Process allows the researcher follow a systematic way to achieve results  Summary The background to the study is a compilation of adequate information that is based on the analysis of the problem or proposed argument to enable one have a general overview of the research The problem statement highlights the actual problem at stake which would be addressed in the research.  References Basavanthappa, B. (2014). Nursing Research and Statistics: Jaypee Brothers,Medical Publishers Pvt. Limited. Cannon, S. (2018). Introduction to Nursing Research: Jones & Bartlett Learning.