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8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which structure forms to separate a dividing prokaryote into two separate cells?...

8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which structure forms to separate a dividing prokaryote into two separate cells? A. Cell plate B. Vesicle D. Septum C. Cleavage furrow D. Septum E. Metaphase plate What part of the inner ear is directly responsible for transducing a sound wave into a neuronal signal? A. Tympanic membrane B. Cochlea B. Cochlea C. Stapes D. Semicircular canal E. Oval window Huntington's disease diseases that are caused by inherited genetic mutation cystic fibrosis All of the following are methods cells use to communicate with each other EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Endocrine hormones C. Transcription factors B. Neurotransmitters C. Transcription factors D. Paracrine hormones E. Gap junctions From which structure does the spinal cord develop? A. Allantois D. Neural tube B. Notochord C. Blastodisc D. Neural tube spinal cord. The neural tube (ectoderm) develops into the ___ vertebrae of the spine. The notochord (mesoderm) develops into the ____ Which of the following would result in a right-shift in the hemoglobin dissociation curve? A. Decrease in carbon dioxide C. Decrease in pH B. Decrease in body temperature C. Decrease in pH D. Fetal hemoglobin An increase in any of the CADET causes will cause a shift to the ___. A decrease would cause a shift to the ___. right CO2 left Acid 2,3-DPG Exercise Temperature left Fetal hemoglobin is associated with a ___ shifted curve Viruses can replicate themselves in all of the following cell types EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? C. Erythrocytes A. Leukocytes B. Lymphocytes lack a nucleus so virus cannot replicate DNA C. Erythrocytes D. Granulocytes E. Podocytes https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 33/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet A deficiency in what part of the body would lead to inefficient absorption of dietary lipids? A. Chief cells B. Lacteals B. Lacteals C. Parietal cells D. Goblet cells E. Kupffer cells What is a distinguishing feature between monocots and dicots? A. Reproduce through flowers B. Taproot B. Taproot C. Presence of vascular tissue D. Double fertilization E. Produce seeds Monocots / dicots ____ have a fibrous fine root system while ____ have a single taproot with branching. Distention in the stomach causes which of the following to be released? A. Cholecystokinin B. Gastrin B. Gastrin C. Secretin D. Pancreatic proteases G cells Stomach distention activates ___ ___ in the stomach to secrete gastrin. A longer loop of Henle produces more concentrated urine due to an increased A. rate of the filtrate flow. B. hydrostatic pressure. C. osmolarity gradient. C. osmolarity gradient. D. reabsorption of ions. E. secretion of water. Filtrate becomes more concentrated as it flows ___ the loop of Henle. As the filtrate down / up flows ___ the loop of Henle, salts are secreted into the surrounding tissues. A longer loop of Henle leads to an ___ osmolarity gradient, which causes more water to increased / more be reabsorbed from the collecting duct, thereby creating ____ concentrated urine. A father with type B blood and a mother with type O blood have a child with type O blood. What is the probability that their next child will have type O blood? C. 50% A. 25% B. 33% Bo x Oo C. 50% D. 75% E. 100% Why is a virus preferred to deliver genetic information to host cells over bioengineered methods? A. They cut the genetic information into shorter, more manageable segments B. They have a high efficiency in transferring B. They have a high efficiency in transferring genetic information genetic information C. They do not generate an immune response D. They're easier to manufacture E. They stimulate conjugation between cells ___ vectors are a very efficient method for transferring genetic material due to the Viral natural infectivity of viruses. https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 34/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet All of the following hormones are derived from cholesterol EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Aldosterone C. Epinephrine B. Cortisol C. Epinephrine D. Testosterone E. Progesterone All of the following are phagocytes EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Neutrophils B. Lymphocytes B. Lymphocytes C. Macrophages D. Dendritic cells Lymphocytes ____ include natural killer cells, B cells, and T cells. What fraction of F1 offspring will be EeFfGg when a cross is made between an EeFFGG parent and an EeFfgg parent? C. 1/4 A. 1/16 B. 1/8 (Ee x Ee) (FF x Ff) (GG x gg) C. 1/4 1/2 1/2 1/1 D. 1/2 E. 1/1 The direct transfer of genetic material from one live bacterium to another is referred to as A. transduction. D. conjugation. B. transformation. C. transposons. D. conjugation. Conjugation ___ is the direct transfer of genetic material (F plasmid) between bacteria via a pilus. A male rabbit develops a point mutation in a somatic cell that affects the fur growth on a region of his paw. What is the probability that the rabbit's offspring will be affected by this mutation? A. 0% A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 75% E. 100% ___ mutations are not passed down to an organism's offspring, so 0% of the rabbit's Somatic offspring will be affected by this point mutation. If the vascular cambium of a tree was mutated, what two structures would most directly be affected? A. Primary xylem and primary phloem C. Secondary xylem and secondary phloem B. Primary xylem and pith C. Secondary xylem and secondary phloem D. Secondary xylem and cork E. Secondary phloem and epidermis The vascular cambium is a ring of meristematic tissue located between the ___ ___ and ___ ___. primary xylem / primary phloem secondary xylem / secondary phloem. Cells produced inside the vascular cambium ring become the ___ ___, whereas cells produced outside the vascular cambium ring become the ___ ___ https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 35/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which hormone directly results in the maturation of sperm? A. Luteinizing hormone B. Follicle-stimulating hormone B. Follicle-stimulating hormone C. Estrogen D. Growth hormone E. Adrenocorticotropic hormone Which of the following represents the absolute refractory period and the relative refractory periods of an action potential, respectively? A. I, II B. II, III B. II, III C. III, II D. III, IV E. IV, III Which of the following is an example of a protist? A. Fungi B. Amoeba B. Amoeba C. Plants D. Animalia E. Bacteria If anaphase began as the cell is pictured, which of the following best describes the daughter cells? A. One daughter cell would have an extra chromosome and the other would have one less A. One daughter cell would have an extra chromosome chromosome and the other would have one B. One daughter cell will have the smaller less chromosome chromosome while the other one will have the larger chromosome C. Both daughter cells will have one smaller chromosome and one larger chromosome D. The cell will not be able to divide Which enzymes are involved in the stages of glycolysis that require ATP investment? A.Isomerase and phosphofructokinase C. Hexokinase and phosphofructokinase B. Decarboxylase and phosphofructokinase C. Hexokinase and phosphofructokinase D. Hexokinase and isomerase Which cell junction allows for a molecule to pass between animal cells? A. Plasmodesmata B. Gap junctions B. Gap junctions C. Desmosomes D. Anchoring junctions Which of the following could be used to differentiate an animal cell from a fungus? A. Ribosomes B. Chloroplast C. Cell wall C. Cell wall D. Membrane-bound organelles E. Histones https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 36/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet A flock of birds migrate south every winter. Birds exhibit this behavior without being taught or learned from experience. Which type of behavior is this? A. Habituation C. Innate behavior B. Imprinting C. Innate behavior D. Sensitization E. Fixed action pattern What allows all proteins to maintain their functions? A. Phosphorylation B. 3D shape B. 3D shape C. Concentration of substrate D. Presence of a cofactor What is the cell membrane mainly made of? A. Phospholipids and proteins B. Phospholipids and carbohydrates A. Phospholipids and proteins C. Phospholipids and nucleic acids D. Amino acids and carbohydrates E. Amino acids and proteins What type of figure shows accumulation of biomass at different trophic levels? A. Ecological pyramid B. Food web A. Ecological pyramid C. Food chain D. Ecological chain E. Food pyramid Which of the following would you expect to see during early life on Earth? A. Aerobic eukaryotes C. Anaerobic prokaryotes B. Anaerobic eukaryotes C. Anaerobic prokaryotes D. Aerobic prokaryotes What is produced in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum? A. Proteins B. Hydrolytic enzymes C. Lipids C. Lipids D. Vacuoles E. rRNA What is the most likely place for a transcription factor to bind to? A. Operon C. TATA box B. Repressor C. TATA box D. Poly-A signal The ____ is a sequence found in many promoter regions that transcription factors can TATA box recognize and bind to. A specialized enzyme degrades disulfide bonds. Which macromolecule would most likely be degraded by this enzyme? A. DNA C. Proteins B. Glycogen C. Proteins D. Lipids E. RNA https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 37/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet This table displays the number of single nucleotide differences between 5 different species. Which cladogram best represents their taxonomic relationship? Which of the following would directly cause an increase in sodium reabsorption in the collecting duct? A. Antidiuretic hormone D. Aldosterone B. Thyroxine C. Glucagon D. Aldosterone E. Epinephrine ____ is a mineralocorticoid steroid hormone produced by the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone It acts on the nephron to increase sodium and water reabsorption, as well as increases potassium secretion in the distal tubules and collecting ducts. During anaphase, a defect in which of these microtubule organizing center proteins would prevent chromosomes from being pulled apart? A. Astral microtubules C. Kinetochore microtubules B. Polar microtubules C. Kinetochore microtubules D. Actin microtubules extend from centrosomes to the cell membrane to orient the spindle apparatus. Astral microtubules - extend from the two centrosomes and connect with each other. They push centrosomes Polar microtubules - to opposite ends of the cell. In gel electrophoresis, which molecule will descend the slowest? A. Small charged D. Large uncharged B. Small uncharged C. Large charged D. Large uncharged Which of the following causes menstruation? A. Increase in both estrogen and progesterone levels D. Decrease in both estrogen and B. Increase in estrogen and decrease in progesterone levels progesterone levels C. Decrease in estrogen and increase in progesterone levels D. Decrease in both estrogen and progesterone levels ___ is a substance that is produced within the alveoli of the lung that reduces surface Surfactant tension. This is crucial for preventing the collapse of alveoli due to the surface tension that exists within them. Which component of the sarcomere shortens during muscular contraction? A. Z line B. H zone B. H zone C. Thick filament D. Actin E. M line Thick filaments are composed of ___ and thin filaments are composed of ___. myosin / actin The sarcomere is the functional unit of muscle fibers and goes from Z line to Z line. Sarcomere The _________ is the functional unit of muscle fibers and goes from Z line to Z line. https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 38/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet Which of the following factors is directly involved in both specific and non-specific immunity? A. Major histocompatibility complex class II E. Macrophages B. Cytotoxic T cell C. Lysozyme D. B cells E. Macrophages Which of the following eukaryotic organisms possesses coenocyte cells? A. Bacterium B. Flower C. Fungus C. Fungus D. Human E. Frog Which of the following statements best describes a scenario in which natural selection could take place? A. A herd of cows finds a pasture with enough food for the whole population D. Butterflies with less vibrantly colored B. A young chimp learns which mushrooms to eat by observing others wings are better disguised from predators C. Two male parrots that perform different mating rituals have offspring with the same female D. Butterflies with less vibrantly colored wings are better disguised from predators E. A human develops more muscle tissue from working a labor-intensive job What is the major intermolecular force seen in alpha helices and beta-pleated sheets? A. Peptide bonding B. Hydrogen bonding B. Hydrogen bonding C. Disulfide bonding D. Ionic bonding E. Hydrophobic interactions gene editing is a technique that edits genomic regions of interest through additions or CRISPR deletions of DNA sequences. ___ causes the pancreas to release bicarbonate ions; bicarbonate ions are basic and Secretin help to neutralize the acidic chyme coming from the stomach. Without this neutralization, the acidity of the chyme would damage the small intestine. Which of the following secretes a hormone in direct response to low glucose levels? A. Liver B. Beta cells C. Alpha cells C. Alpha cells D. Gall bladder E. Adrenal medulla β (beta) cells / lowers produce insulin; insulin ____ blood glucose and causes the skeletal muscle to take up glucose and be stored. α (alpha) cells / raising produce glucagon; glucagon stimulates glycogen polymer breakdown into glucose for the body's use, ___ blood glucose. https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 39/68 8/29/24, 12:09 AM DAT BIO practice exams all Flashcards | Quizlet All of the following statements about mitosis and meiosis are correct EXCEPT one. Which is the EXCEPTION? A. Sister chromatids are separated in mitosis during anaphase and in meiosis during A. Sister chromatids are separated in mitosis anaphase I during anaphase and in meiosis during B. Both mitosis and meiosis occurs in germ cells anaphase I C. Independent assortment only occurs in meiosis D. Identical daughter cells after cell division is only a feature of mitosis E. In humans, the chromosome number after meiosis I is 23 and after mitosis is 46 D. 50% If a man with colorblindness and a woman who is a carrier of the condition have a daughter, what is the probability their child has colorblindness? XAXa x XaY A. 0% B. 12.5% produces XAXa and XaXa C. 25% 50% of daughters would have recessive D. 50% disease E. 100% X / recessive colorblindness is a ____ linked ___ trait principle states that two species are not able to occupy the same niche while The competitive exclusion maintaining their population levels so that one species dominates and outgrows the other. A male and a female are both heterozygous for a single gene. They have produced two C. 1/16 offspring. What is the likelihood that both offspring have the homozygous recessive genotype? Aa x Aa A. 1/4 B. 1/8 1/4 * 1/4 = 1/16 C. 1/16 D. 1/32 iron Heme cofactors are organic molecules that are built around an ___ atom, while magnesium chlorophyll is built around a ___ atom. At what stage of embryonic development does the neural plate fold in order to form the neural tube? A. Morula C. Neurula B. Blastula C. Neurula D. Gastrula E. Implantation A F2 generation of a dihybrid cross yields a 9:0:3:0 phenotypic ratio. Which of the following most likely accounts for this distribution? A. Missense mutation C. Lethal recessive allele B. Aneuploidy C. Lethal recessive allele D. Multiple alleles E. Pleiotropy 9 is the phenotype with both dominant traits (yellow and round peas) 3 is the phenotype with one recessive and one dominant trait (green and round peas) 9:3:3:1 3 is the phenotype with one recessive and one dominant trait, just the other way around (wrinkled and yellow peas) 1 is the phenotype with both recessive traits (green and wrinkled peas) 9:0:3:0 In a dihybrid cross, a lethal recessive allele would yield the phenotypic ratio ____. https://quizlet.com/931594630/dat-bio-practice-exams-all-flash-cards?funnelUUID=08881b27-95c7-4357-a16b-837632a7d6f5 40/68