Globalization Student Notes PDF

Defining GLOBALIZATION LEARNING OBJECTIVES Define the concept of Globalization in the contemporary world Discuss the features of Globalization Evaluate one’s own experience under globalization. How do we communicate? What is our trading system? GLOBALIZATION The course’s approach: The Study o...

Defining GLOBALIZATION LEARNING OBJECTIVES Define the concept of Globalization in the contemporary world Discuss the features of Globalization Evaluate one’s own experience under globalization. How do we communicate? What is our trading system? GLOBALIZATION The course’s approach: The Study of Globalization Globalization: inherently interdisciplinary See contemporary world through a broad lens Allows us to examine various globalizing processes Forces us to ask questions re: global citizenship The International Monetary Fund defines globalization as “the process through an increasingly flow of ideas, people, goods, services and capital leads to integration of economies and societies.” According to Manfred Steger, Globalization is the expansion and intensification of social relations and consciousness across world-time and across world-space. Globalization is the expansion of social relations. This is in recognition that the globalization is mostly felt in the cities or urban areas. The second term used is intensification. This means that different countries have become deeply interconnected not only economically, socially but also politically. Lastly, Steger talks about the consciousness across world time and space. In order to understand this, we need to recognize first that the globalization as a process is dependent on technological advancements - the speed through which ideas, people and products travel in different parts of the world is made possible due to inventions and innovations. The literature on the definitions of globalization revealed that definitions could be classified as either (1) Broad and inclusive (2)Narrow and exclusive (1) Broad and inclusive “Globalization means the onset of the borderless world.” (Ohmae, 1992) (2) Narrow and exclusive the characteristics of the globalization trend include the internationalizing of production, the new international division of labor, new migratory movements from South to North, the new competitive environment that accelerates these processes, and the internationalizing of the state…making states into agencies of the globalizing world” (Robert Cox – as cited in RAWOO-NDARC, 2000)  Globalization The process of world shrinkage, of distances getting shorter things moving closer. Pertains to the increasing ease with which somebody on one side of the world can interact, to mutual benefit with somebody on the other side of the world.” (Thomas Larsson, 2001) - The Race to the Top: The Real Story of Globalization Globalization It is a transplanetary process or a set of processes involving increasing liquidity and the growing multidirectional flows of people, objects, places, and information as well as the structures they encounter and create that are barriers to, or expedite those flows.. (Ritzer, 2015) Globalization It is a ‘world of things’ that have different speeds, axes, point of origin and termination, and varied relationships to institutional structures in different regions, nations, or societies. (Arjun Appadural, 1996) – as cited in Chowdhury, 2006  Globalization It is a reality. It is changing as human society develops. It is complex, multifaceted, and can be influenced by the people who define it.  Academic definition As opposed to popular/activist definition: Not “neoliberal globalization”/ “market globalism”  For a political scientist Political scientist: “Challenge to the nation state.” Strength of regional blocs Emergence of global political norms Emergence of corporations  For the economist… Increased free trade Speed of trade (milliseconds to trade shares) Global economic organizations Regional trade blocks Global Economic Organizations Global Economic Organizations Intergovernmental organizations and the world economy IGO FULL TITLE FUNCTION IMF International To promote Monetary Fund international monetary stability IBRD International Bank To promote for Reconstruction economic recovery and Development and development (World Bank) WTO World Trade To supervise and Organization promote international trade Global Economic Organizations Global Economic Organizations Regional Trade Blocs  For the scholar of culture and communication “Global village” Communications technology as “shrinking” our world “Cultural imperialism” Attributes of Globalization 1. Various forms of connectivity 2. Expansion and stretching of social relations 3. Intensification and acceleration of social exchanges and activities 4. Occurs subjectively 1. Various forms of connectivity They are diverse (can be economic, political, cultural, etc.) They are enabled by various factors, pressures, media, etc. They are uneven (different degrees of interconnection) 2. Expansion and Stretching of Social Relations 1. NGOs 2. Friendships/Relationships 3. Government associations 4. MNCs 3. Intensification and Acceleration of Social Exchanges and Activities 1. From snail mail, to email, to Facebook 2. Live television (and streaming services) 3. Increased travel (cheap flights)  4. Occurs Subjectively 1. We think about the world (#PrayforParis for example) 2. We associate ourselves with global trends (fan of K-Pop) 3. Hopefully, we feel some sense of responsibility (climate change) The facility of communication has made it possible for people to be immediately informed of events without being physically present at such events. GLOBALIZATION (areas affected) Media Religion Food/Delicacies Original Products Music Education Economy Terrorism Technology Literature Tourism Transportation Mobility What is the G7? Also known as the Group of Seven, these countries are seven of the largest economies of the world. Together, they represent more than 62 per cent of the global net wealth ($280trillion). The group was founded in the early 1970s as the seven countries discussed concerns about the collapse of the oil industry. It offers the leaders of these nations the chance to come together and tackle the most challenging global issues of the time. Which countries are members? The seven members are: Canada France Germany Italy Japan United Kingdom United States