A Life Time of Health PDF

A life time of health Writing by group 9 : Reham Alshammary 411202203 Rania Almijmaj 411202122 Supervised by Dr. Marzouq Almutairi A life time of health Invariably, no one gets out of this life alive. Death is the natural completion of things, as much a part of t...

A life time of health Writing by group 9 : Reham Alshammary 411202203 Rania Almijmaj 411202122 Supervised by Dr. Marzouq Almutairi A life time of health Invariably, no one gets out of this life alive. Death is the natural completion of things, as much a part of the real world as life itself. In time, we all lose people we cherish: grandparents, aunts and uncles, parents, friends, neighbors, coworkers, and siblings. With each loss, part of us may seem to die, yet each loss also reaffirms how precious life is. Quality and Quantity of life Although no one can turn back the clock, a healthy lifestyle can increase an individual’s years of “able life” without need for assistance in daily living. The keys to boosting your healthy life expectancy include: Not smoking. Regular physical activity. A nutritious diet. Healthy habits can increase longevity as well as health. In a recent analysis based on tens of thousands of individuals, those who didn’t smoke, exercised regularly and ate a nutritious diet added years to their lifespans—an average of 12 years for men and 14 years for women. Physical activity Lack of physical activity, dangerous even for the young, becomes deadly among the old. Simply sitting for prolonged periods increases “all-cause mortality,” the risk of dying for any reason, in both sexes and all age groups, regardless of general health, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity levels. The aging brain Scientists used to think that the aging brain, once worn out, could never be fixed. Now they know that the brain can and does repair itself. The brain, like the rest of the body, may begin to show signs of aging in middle age. Researchers have documented dips in memory, reasoning, and other cognitive functions beginning at age 45, although the declines are greater in older people. However, just as exercise can maintain physical health, mental workouts can benefit our brains. Individuals who engage in activities such as reading and playing mind-engaging games may lower the risk of brain disorders. The challenges of age No matter how well we eat, exercise, and take care of ourselves, some physical changes are inevitable as we age. The immune system declines over time, which increases vulnerability to infectious diseases. Specially targeted approaches, such as high-dose flu vaccines, have proven effective in protecting older individuals. Other common life problems, such as depression, substance misuse, and safe driving, become more challenging as we age. The most common challenge is difficulty walking or climbing stairs. This increases the risk of falls, which pose a greater risk of injury and death in older individuals. Preparing for Medical Crises and the End of Life : Advance directives allow individuals to specify their medical treatment preferences in case of a crisis, preventing hospitals from making decisions on their behalf. The two main types of advance directives are health-care proxies and living wills. A living will offers instructions on life-sustaining procedures during terminal illness or injury. Five Wishes: is a unique document aiding aged and seriously ill individuals, along with their caregivers and loved ones, in preparing for medical emergencies. It allows individuals to specify: 1) who should make healthcare decisions on their behalf, 2) their preferences regarding medical treatments, 3) their desired level of comfort, 4) how they wish to be treated, 5) what they want their loved ones to know. DNR Orders: allow individuals to specify in advance that they do not wish to be resuscitated if their heart stops beating, typically applying to hospitalized, terminally ill patients. The Gift of Life : initiative allows individuals aged 18 and above to fill out a donor card, designating organs or tissues for transplantation upon their death. Emotional Responses to Dying : Kübler-Ross outlined five emotional stages individuals typically experience when facing death: denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. These stages represent a progression from denial to eventual acceptance of death's reality. Suicide: Suicide rates tend to increase with age, often linked to illnesses, particularly terminal ones. Euthanasia, the painless killing of a patient with an incurable fatal disease or in an irreversible coma, is illegal in the United States. Assisted suicide, involves providing means to end life to a patient by a health professional. Autopsies, also known as postmortem exams, come in two types: 1)medicolegal, which establishes the cause of death for legal purposes, and 2)medical/educational, conducted to enhance medical understanding and determine the precise cause of death, often performed in hospitals. The experience of grief is often considered the most distressing and feared event in an individual's life. Grief can significantly impact students, manifesting as insomnia, lack of motivation, difficulty concentrating, depression, emotional issues, and relationship challenges. Additionally, grief affects health by inducing changes in respiratory, hormonal, and central nervous systems, potentially impacting heart, blood, and immune functions.