CPAR REVIEWER.pdf

CPAR REVIEWER STEM D emerged. Philippine music at that time evolved into a combination of classical and Lesson 2.2 MUSIC traditional or ethnic music. Historical backgrou...

CPAR REVIEWER STEM D emerged. Philippine music at that time evolved into a combination of classical and Lesson 2.2 MUSIC traditional or ethnic music. Historical background Jose Maceda During the early American period, the - Jose Maceda is considered the first music of the country was mostly classical Filipino avant-garde composer. due to the influence of the Europeans. This kind of music continued flourishing As time goes by, due to the introduction of until the 1950s. radio, film, and other entertainment technology, the theater music that once Nicanor Abelardo flourished gradually declined. - Composer, pianist, and teacher However, Rondallas or the string bands - Nicanor Santa Ana Abelardo was born in remain even up to the present. San Miguel de Mayumo, Bulacan, on February 7, 1893. Pinoy Pop - Philippine music continously evolved, - At U.P. Abelardo won first prize for “U.P. and Pinoy Pop or the Filipino pop music Beloved” in a competition for the university took place. Pinoy Pop covers different hymn. forms like jazz, dance hits, folksong revival, rock and roll, rap, etc. - In 1924, he became the head of the example. vst & company, apo hiking Conservatory’s composition department. society, Hotdog He pursued further studies at the Chicago Musical College. - With the development of Pinoy pop, Manila sound was born. It began in - The main theater of the Cultural Center of the mid 1970s. This music is the Philippines, and the U.P. College of characterized as Western-derived Music were named after him. with English lyrics but with pure Filipino Spirit. Antonio Molina - The late National Artist in Music Antonio J. Original Pilipino Music (OPM) Molina, known as the “Dean of Filipino - Later on, the OPM or the Original composers,” was born in Quiapo, Manila, on Pilipino Music became popular. Dec. 26, 1894. - a kind of music purely Filipino - He wrote over 500 musical compositions, and is composed and sung by Filipino including “Hatinggabi” and “Awit ni Maria composers and singers Clara,” and taught some of the country’s musical icons like Lucresia Kasilag and Alternative Music Felipe de Leon. OPM was followed by another form of popular music called Alternative - It was in the 1960s that avant-garde music Music. CPAR REVIEWER STEM D - Folk balladeers influenced alternative - Their self titled album with a carrier single, music. This type of music sprouted out of “Suroy- Suroy” woke up Cebuanos’ love for protest that later on included themes like the local music. This was followed by the Filipino values, political and environmental success of their next album “Sine-Sine” concerns, and other societal themes. which was very popular that it was sold in pirated CDs. - Some examples of alternative music are Freddie Aguilar’s Anak, Herber Music from Mindanao: Unica (formerly as Bartolome’s Tayo’y mga Pinoy and Maldita) Florante De Leon’s Ako’y Pilipino. - ÚNiCA (formerly as Maldita), is a Filipino pop and rock band consisting of Demz - At present, different music genre like Espinosa as the main vocalist and Whey pop, rock, OPM, Indigenous music, jazz, Guevara as the guitarist and composer rap, a mixture of different genre like who formed in 2009. Their first single, "Por ethnic rock, and many other forms exist qué?" became a hit song, which was in the music industry. Also, P-Pop, Rock originally in Chavacano then later recorded Bands, and Pop Stars entered the in Tagalog. limelight. Lesson 2.3 ARCHITECTURE Music from Luzon: Dilaw - Dilaw (lit: Yellow), is a Filipino rock band Historical Foundations formed in Baguio, Benguet in 2021. - In the American Colonial and Originally an alternative hip-hop duo Contemporary Period, the Philippine between singer-songwriter Dilaw Obero and architecture adopted the modern Western guitarist-instrumentalist Vie Dela Rosa, architectural style while taking into the group expanded into a full indie rock consideration the physical and socio-cultural collective with the addition of Wayne Dela situation of the country. Rosa (bass guitar), Leon Karlos (guitar), En Altomonte (keyboards, synths), and Tóbi The Philippine architecture was Samson (drums). characterized as: Simple - The band derived their name from the Rational Tagalog phrase 'di ilaw sa gabing Functional mapanglaw, a variation of the lyrics from the classic kundiman "O Ilaw" by Ruben In 1908, the concept of a well-planned Tagalog. Some of their songs are Uhaw, neighborhood called Sanitario Barrio was 3019, Kaloy, and Janice. introduced and led to TSALET Music from Visayas: Missing Filemon - Type of house on stilts with a front porch - Considered as one of the most successful made of wood and concrete. Cebuano bands, Missing Filemon was formed in 2002. The term BisRock was first - In the early 20th century the young used in their first album. Filipinos who studied in American CPAR REVIEWER STEM D Universities and institutes went back - Real estate development started to take to the country and brought changes place, and two-story houses were in the Philippine architecture. introduced. Filipino houses were Americanized. - Urban housing, multi-story tenements, and government housing projects emerged due to the increasing population and decreasing land availability. - Because government housing cannot Introduced neoclassic style in building accommodate all those who are needing structures. low-cost housing, slums and shunties Carlos Barreto started to proliferate. Antonio Toledo (Example: Manila) Neoclassical buildings are characterized - On the other hand, those houses owned by the use of: by the upper class were characterized as Grand scale volumes huge with large front garden. Simple geometric forms Dramatic columns - Condominiums also emerged. Doric Greek or Roman detailing Domed or flat roofs, depending on style - Starting from the Marcos era, there had been constructions of expressways, convention centers, hospitals, hotels, malls, high-rise buildings, amusement centers, etc. - All these comes with technological advancements like escalators, elevators, NEOCLASSICAL ARCHITECTURE air-conditioning sytem, computers, etc. - In the regional set up, residential houses, churches, public markets, business space tend to imitate the architectural styles in the urban. - Also, eco-cultural tourism was introduced. - Theme parks and resorts were developed Historical Foundation: in tourist spots like Palawan, Davao, - It was after the World War II when the Bohol, Batangas, etc. architecture in the country departed from example. Astoria Palawan Waterpark the native tradition. CPAR REVIEWER STEM D - Given cultural heritage preservation, - A handiwork of Francisco Mañosa who heritage towns like Vigan, Intramuros, was a strong advocate of indigenous Dapitan, etc. were given attention. architecture, the resort’s design was adapted from the traditional stilt houses built ARCHITECTURE FROM LUZON: SAN along the coastline. MIGUEL CORPORATION Known advocates of true Filipino In 2009, Mañosa receivedthe National architecture, the renowned Mañosa brothers Artist award for architecture. designed this iconic, low-rise building of one of the largest corporations in the country, Lesson 2.4 LITERATURE San Miguel Corporation, with the renowned The bond between the Philippines and the Banaue Rice Terraces as their main American still continues even after the inspiration. declaration of independence in 1946 which is evident in the continual It is said to be one of the first early flourishment of modernism. examples of green architecture in the country, and was landscaped in 2006 by HISTORICAL PERIOD no less than the father of Philippine In the field of poetry during the landscape architecture, Ildefonso Santos. contemporary period, publication of young poets to campus journals emerged ARCHITECTURE FROM VISAYAS: ILOILO The “Bagay” Movement also took the CONVENTION CENTER scene. - Considered is a state-of-the-art convention venue in Western Visayas, It is a kind of poetry which uses colloquial the Iloilo Convention Center is the language and is built on concrete images symbol of Ilonggo passion and culture. which tend to describe experiences. examples. erp-guy friend “pare” - It is built on a 1.7 hectare of lot in Iloilo Business Park designed by Ilonggo “BAGAY” MOVEMENT architect William Coscolluela. Its exterior - “The Bagay movement is aimed at this fins design is inspired by Paraw Regatta reconciliation between the poet and the sailboats and abstract designs of the world outside. famous Dinagyang Festival are featured - This is the new material that Tinio brings on the glass walls of Iloilo Convention into Tagalog poetry. Center. - The result is the invention of a new language, the renovation of the Tagalog ARCHITECTURE FROM MINDANAO: poem itself.” PEARL FARM BEACH RESORT - Located in Samal island of Davao City, the POETS WHO STARTED BAGAY Pearl Farm Beach Resort is built on what MOVEMENT was once a farm for culturing pearls. Rolando Tinio Bienvinido Lumbera Jose F. Lacaba CPAR REVIEWER STEM D - Social protest fiction was produced during the Marcos Era. HISTORICAL PERIOD - Later on national consciousness was - In the area of essay and criticism literary employed was inserted into bagay poetry. criticism was produced after the World War - Amado V. Hernandez introduced II aiming to analyze the Philippine writings. another form of poetry through his work “Ang Bayang Malaya”. - Informal essay, on the other hand, also took the scene which was developed by - It is a long narrative piece about a peasant women writers. leader. - The Contemporary Philippine Literature - Oppresion and fighting for human rights was a mixture of variety of subjects. It is are the main themes of the said piece. also a product of different innovative techniques of writers - In the succeeding poems developed by Filipino poets, the influence of Amado V. Hernandez was evident. LITERATURE FROM LUZON: BOB - ONG - Bob Ong, or Roberto Ong, is the - Social protest and social realism pseudonym of a Filipino contemporary became the theme of the poems. author known for using conversational Filipino to create humorous and reflective - The rise of nationalistic poetry discussing depictions of life as a Filipino. poverty, inequality, political turmoil, and other social problems started during the LITERATURE FROM VISAYAS: Marcos Era. EDILBERTO K. TIEMPO - During his tenure at Siliman University, - During the contemporary period there are he was department chair (1950-1969), also short stories produced which use graduate school dean, vice-president for vernacular language. academic affairs, and writer-in- residence. - It was only the publication of Filipino - Fiction-writer and literary critic Edilberto literary works that continued due to the lack Tiempo reaped numerous honors for his of moral and financial support, and due to writing. Most of his writings were published the write’s choice of producing works using by New Day Publishers. These are To Be a language that can be understood by more Free (1972), Finalities (1982), a prize readers. winning novel, The Standard Bearer (1985), Rainbow for Rima (1988), Snake Twin and - Short story writers produced more Other Stories (1992), and Farah (2001). social conscious fiction during the 1970s. LITERATURE FROM MINDANAO: - Short stories depicting the lives of the RICARDO DE UNGRIA working class emerged. - Ricardo De Ungria graduated with a BA Literature, cum laude, degree from the De CPAR REVIEWER STEM D La Salle University and an MFA in Creative Writing from Washington University in St. Louis, United States in 1990 when he was awarded a Fulbright grant. - Winner of Palanca Awards in 1990 for his poems “Body English” and “Decimal Places”