Contemporary Arts First Monthly Reviewer PDF

CONTEMPORARY ARTS FIRST MONTHLY REVIEWER INTRODUCTION TO CONTEMPORARY ARTS INDIGENOUS ARTS ART/SINING: Defined as the different manners of expressing WEAVING: It i...

CONTEMPORARY ARTS FIRST MONTHLY REVIEWER INTRODUCTION TO CONTEMPORARY ARTS INDIGENOUS ARTS ART/SINING: Defined as the different manners of expressing WEAVING: It is a traditional art form that involves fibers being human skills and imagination in the creation of aesthetic spun, measured, cut, and mounted in a wooden platform. conditions, objects and presentations. ❖ TINGKEP (Palaw’an Tribe): These baskets are handcrafted from fine bamboo strips. It’s also used to MODERN ART: The main focus of the art pieces produced during the Modern period is experimentation. (1800-1970) house the powerful female spirit, Linamin Et Kundu, during a healing ritual called “kundu’ CONTEMPORARY ARTS: Refers to the art of today, created ❖ HINABOL (Higaonon, Bukidnon): This textile serves in the latter half of the 20th century and the 21st century. It is as a gift, dowry, offering to the spirits, and a peace characterized by its diversity and reflects modern society and offering when there are community conflicts. culture. (late 1960-present day) ❖ TAPIS (Kalinga, Cordillera): A nature inspired - It is in a constant evolution and cannot be contained rectangular skirt. This textile is made using the Ikat or condensed in a specific time frame or period. - Contemporary Art pieces took elements from Modern Weaving Technique (dyeing sections of yarn). Art and diversified them in order to create more dynamic pieces. POTTERY CLAY: Pots made by our ancestors serve many functions for their community. (pagpapalayok) CHARACTERISTICS OF CPAR ❖ MANUNGGUL JAR (Tabon Cave, Palawan): It is a SITE-SPECIFIC ART: Direct relationship to the physical space secondary burial vessel where buried and exhumed where it is located or experienced. bones are place. PROCESSED-BASED ART: The process is the most relevant CARVING: This art to create representations of their gods and aspect and not the end product. deities (pag-uukit). - It is a pure human expression. ❖ ANGONO PETROGLYPHS (Binangonan, Rizal) is estimated to be carved around 3000 B.C., it depicts COLLABORATIVE ART: The final artwork is created with the around 127 animal and human figures. engagement of two or more artists resulting in various ideas - It is also believed as the oldest work of art in and perspectives on one main concept. the Philippines. It was accidentally discovered by Carlos “Botong” Francisco. INTERACTIVE ART: Refers to how the concept of an artwork includes its audience. Emphasizes on the outcome of the ORNAMENTATIONS: Indigenous communities wear artist's idea and intent. ornaments that are commonly made of gold and precious stones. Armlets, Necklace, bracelets, rings are commonly worn INTEGRATIVE ART: This includes the use of any medium and by women and men. art form to express the concept of their piece without the ❖ KANDIT ROYAL BELT (Mindanao): It is often worn limitation from any art trend. by royalties in indigenous societies in Mindanao. Gold ❖ INSTALLATION ART: Refers to site-specific, often ornaments are worn as status symbols. large-scale with mixed-media constructions, that is created to manipulate the perception of space in a MUSIC: Filipinos have a wide range of musical instruments specific period of time. such as flutes, pipes, drums, and various stringed instruments. ❖ INTERMEDIA ART: Created using various materials. ❖ KUDYAPI (Tagbanua, Palawan): two-stringed lute. ❖ PERFORMANCE ART: Used when artist integrate - It is called Hegelung or Hegalong for the their voices and bodies, and sometimes with T’boli and Kudlung to other indigenous inanimate objects, to express their artistic expression groups. in front of a live audience - Nowadays, Electric Kudyapi is being used for modern performances. HISTORY OF PHILIPPINE ART ❖ KULINTANG: an array of bossed gongs. Philippine Artistic Heritage: Ancient Filipinos have always ❖ GANGSA: being the flat gongs. anchored on their spirituality, worldviews and day-to-day living. ❖ AGUNG OR AGONG: large bossed gongs. Their natural heritage is manifested in their: artistic expressions, everyday tasks, beliefs, and rituals. DANCE: Inspired by the movements of animals, humans, and - Anitoism: Bul-Ul of Ifugao other elements from nature. - Animism: Bathala / Supreme God - TAYAW (Ifugao): mimic the movements of birds. - Pang-O-Tub: Manobo Tribe Traditional tattooing. ARETE| JEN RITUALS: The earliest form of theater due to its performance ❖ DAMIAN DOMINGO Y GABOR: One of the great features. A shaman, babaylan, or priestess may facilitate Filipino painters that became famous in the Spanish rituals that feature dances, chants, and musical instruments. Colonial Period. ❖ CAÑAO (Igorot Tribe): A thanksgiving to their god - He is considered to be the “Father of Filipino Kabunyan. Painting.” and “First great Filipino Painter”. - He is also the founder of Academia de ARCHITECTURE: It began as a response to nature. It is made Dibujo y Pintura which is the very first by excavation rather than construction. formal Philippine Art School. - Fire was the marking used by ancient Filipinos to serve as a site for dwelling, TEXTILE WEAVING: Clothing as signifiers of social status of a rituals, and other gatherings. person. Indigenous textiles were still produced but low land ❖ TABON CAVE (Palawan): The largest cave Christian communities employed weaving, embroidery and periodically inhabited for about 30,00 years. other techniques that served the social norms and customs. ❖ NIPIS: A local fabric that caught the attention of the ANCIENT LITERATURE Spaniards. It’s a woven from fibers of the abaca plant. LITERATURE: ancient Filipinos have their own writing systems even before the coming of the colonizer (baybayin). ORNAMENTATIONS: The Filipinos started to wear scapulars ISLAM INFLUENCE and crucifixes. in the mid-18th century. ISLAMIC ARTS: Centered on the concept of Tawhid or the - Wearing tattoos was condemned because it’s against unity with God/Allah. the Christian practice. ❖ SAYYID ABBUBAKAR: Established the Sultanate of Sulu in the 15th century. MUSIC: Spaniards brought western musical instruments that - Introduced the holy book of Quran. influenced the evolution of pre-colonial music of Filipinos. - Built a house of prayers (mosques). - Juan Angel Rodriguez: Established a singing school - The interior of mosques are filled with at the Manila Cathedral that taught Church Music. geometric and abstract patterns such as okir The curriculum was based and patterned from Madrid or ukkil. Okir patterns can also be seen in Conservatory of Music. the traditional houses of the muslim called - Juan Felipe (1898): Composed The Philippine Torogan. National Anthem. Jose Palma (1899): He adapted the lyrics for the Anthem from a spanish poem entitled ❖ SARIMANOK: Mythical creature from the Islam Filipinas. culture that was made famous by the works of late National Artist For Visual Arts. ❖ RONDALLA: Composed of guitar, laud, bandurria, - Abdulmari Asia Imao: The only Moro that octavina, and double bass, that is being accompanied was granted with this prestigious award. by drum or percussion instruments. ❖ KUNDIMAN: Was also born in this period. It is the SPANISH INFLUENCE traditional means of serenading loved ones. SPANISH COLONIAL LEGACY: The arrival of Spaniards ❖ HARANA: A form of Kundiman that is an old Filipino brought dynamic changes in the lives of Ancient Filipinos: (1) courtship. Brought the Catholic faith. (2) Some indigenous artistic expressions diminished. (3) Indigenous artistic expressions THEATER: The theaters featured musical dramas, short plays, were overpowered by religious arts. and magic shows. - The rituals of indigenous Filipinos thrived alongside SCULPTURE: The carving of deities, images of indigenous the grandeur of religious processions. spirituality, was replaced by the carving of saints or santos, - In the second half of the 19th century, theaters images of Christ. became famous and proliferated in Manila. ❖ ZARZUELA: Spanish traditional form of musical PAINTINGS: Paintings of saints and religious scenes were comedy. It is a short opera or an operetta that constantly commissioned for churches, conventos or features singing and dancing with dialogue to stage residences of parish priests, monasteries, etc. the story through a song. ❖ LETRAS Y FIGURAS (Jose Honorato Lozano): It combines tipos del pais or types of countries and FILM AND CINEMA: Salon de Pertierra named after the genre paintings by forming letters of the patron’s Spaniard Pertierra, was established in March 1896 and names. (Letter and Figures) became the first movie-theater house in the Philippines. ❖ LANGIT, LUPA, IMPYERNO (Jose Luciano Dans): A - Un Homme Au Chapeau (Man with a Hat), Une three-level painting that shows the Holy Trinity, Mary, Scène de Danse Japonaise (Scene from the Mother of Christ, Saints, and the Seven Blessed Japanese Dance), Les Boxers (The Boxers), and La Sacraments. Place de L'Opéra (The Place of the Opera). 2 ARCHITECTURE: The major structures built during this period ARCHITECTURE: Americans imposed a new urban pattern were used with adobe, limestone, or bricks and constructed that will be favorable to them in achieving their secular goals. with massive buttresses in order to make the structures more ❖ City Beautiful Movement: Americanized urban resistant to earthquakes. planning movement managed by architects, landscape architects, and reformers that flourished AMERICAN INFLUENCE between the 1890s and the 1920s. AMERICAN LEGACY: Became the period of experimentation ❖ Neoclassical Architecture: Style used in and exploration of new media , techniques, styles, forms of government structures and public parks and spaces in expressions, and concepts for Filipino artists. order to make the city attractive. ❖ Art Deco: Architectural style that features geometric PAINTING: The religious themes were replaced by landscape, shapes, clear and precise lines and decorations, with still life and themes that show the beauty of the land. relaxed, and natural forms. ❖ Fabian Dela Rosa: First recognized painter of the 20th century. PHILIPPINE MODERN ART: Modern Artists focused on - Most renowned and considered the brightest experimenting with their approach to art production. name in Filipino painting during the first quarter of 19th century. VISUAL ARTS - Mentor and Uncle of Fernando Amorsolo. VISUAL ARTS: New idea of arts stating the struggles of ❖ Fernando Amorsolo: First awardee of National Artist common Filipino people. Award. - Best known for his illuminated landscape ❖ Victorio Edades: "Father of Modern Filipino Painting" paintings. - The Builders (1928): One of the most important - Designed the logo for Ginebra San Miguel. paintings of Edades. - Proclaimed as a National Artist in Visual Arts in 1976. SCULPTURE: Were often symbolic and represent historical - Was among pioneers of Philippine modernism in events in the Philippines. Filipino artists experimented with reaction to Neoclassical art, which he thought was out different new media. of touch with the new ideas in art and with the ❖ Guillermo Tolentino: Father of Philippine Sculpture struggles of common Filipino people. - Bonifacio Monument and the Oblation. ❖ Galo Ocampo: Painted the Brown Madonna which ORNAMENTATIONS: Fashion remained the same for the first portrays a Filipinized version of the Western icon five years of the 19th century. Madonna and the Child. - Became more modern as compared to the ❖ Napoleon Abueva: "Father of Modern Philippine conservative style influenced by the Spanish rule. Sculpture.” He is the artist behind the artwork Transfiguration which shows Jesus Christ is MUSIC: Professional Music School was established, including ascending to heaven from earth. UP Conservatory of Music. - Music education was taught in public schools. - American bought devices that can play music like radio and jukebox. ❖ Francisco Santiago: "Father of Kundiman art songs" with his famous piece Anak Dalita. THEATERS: Used plays as weapons for political protest against the American occupation. ❖ Drama Simbolico: Example of a political play that represents a deep and profound longing for freedom. FILM AND CINEMA: Film artists and producers strayed away from the guidelines and commented on socio-political issues using the present situations of their times and historical matters. ❖ Jose Nepomuceno: “Father of Philippine Cinema” “Father of Nationalistic Films” - Produced and directed Dalagang Bukid or Country Maiden in 1919 (first film made by a Filipino). 3