Typhoon Emergency Management

TYPHOON: Intense Tropical Cyclone Presentation by Group 1 What is tropical cyclone? Tropical cyclones are warm-core low pressure systems associated with a spiral inflow of mass at the bottom level and spiral outflow at the top level. Tropical cyclones are one of the most destructive natural...

TYPHOON: Intense Tropical Cyclone Presentation by Group 1 What is tropical cyclone? Tropical cyclones are warm-core low pressure systems associated with a spiral inflow of mass at the bottom level and spiral outflow at the top level. Tropical cyclones are one of the most destructive natural phenomena worldwide. WHAT IS TYPHOON? A typhoon is a severe weather disturbance and characterized by strong winds and have rains which revolve around a central low pressure area. It is locally known as bagyo, a term coined after Baguio City in Benget Province where the wettest known tropical cyclone way back in 1911 hit and dropped approximately 2200 mm of rainfall for about three days. FOUR MAJOR TYPES OF TROPICAL CYCLONES: 1. Tropical depression 2. Tropical storm 3. Typhoon 4. Super Typhoon 1. TROPICAL DEPRESSION A tropical depression forms when a low pressure area is accompanied by thunderstorms that produce a circular wind flow wind speed up to 62kph. 2. TROPICAL STORM a tropical cyclone with maximum wind speed of 63 to 118 kph 3. TYPHOON a tropical cyclone with wind speed greater than 118 kph. called “Hurricane” in northeast Pacific and northern Atlantic regions. 4. SUPER TYPHOON a tropical cyclone with wind speed exceeding 220 kph. The Philippines is the most frequently visited country by tropical cyclones. Yearly average of 19 entering the Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) and 6-9 making landfall. Tropical cyclone is usally lowest in May and increases gradually in JUne. Activity then greatly increases from July until September with the level of activity reaching its highest during August. Tropical Cyclone Structure Eye- the area of lowest atmospheric pressure in the structure of tropical cyclone and may span 20-65 km wide. Eye wall- wall-region immediately surrounding the tropical cyclone's center that can reach as high 15 km above mean sea level rain bands- spiraling strips of clouds in the fringes of tropical cyclones which are associated with rainfall. Why do tropical cyclones form? Importance of tropical cyclones Form as a result of the The rainfall brought by atmosphere's natural tropical cyclones tendency to maintain replenishes ground equilibrium by water and surficial water. redistributing heat Also Flora and fauna are through wind from the heavily reliant on equatorial regions to tropical cyclones for the polar regions. source of water. How do tropical cyclones form? How do tropical cyclones form?  EFFECTS OF TROPICAL CYCLONES STRONG WINDS STORM SURGE HEAVY RAINS Cover a much larger area localized unusual Increase of sea unlike strong winds and storm during tropical cyclones water level way above the surger, heavy rains actually Because the winds are strongest predicted astronomical tide level, occur in tropical cyclones of in the eye wall, meteorologists happens primarily due to intense lower Intensity. flooding due to winds and lowered atmosphetic heavy rains is usually worse are on the watch for the pressure that accompany Intense locations where the eye will during tropical depressions ans tropical cyclones passing from the make a land fall. tropical storms. sea to the land. MEASURES FOR MITIGATING THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF TYPHOONS 1) DETERMINING AREAS PRONE TO TYPHOON-RELATED DISASTERS Geohazard maps prepared by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) of the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) can be consulted to determine which arcas prone to landslides and flooding coinside with paths of typhoons. This will help in identifying priority areas of directing efforts and resources to mitigate the typhoon hazards.  MEASURES FOR MITIGATING THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF TYPHOONS 2) Implementing legislation involving land use planning, zoning and buliding standards. Areas which are determined to have a nigh risk to typhoon-related disasters inrough review of nistorical accounts inspection and assessment by geohazard specialists of physical and/or geological conditions should be prohibited from being further used for purposes.  MEASURES FOR MITIGATING THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF TYPHOONS 3) WEATHER FORECASTING AND MONITORING Effective forecasting and monitoring of tropical cyclones gives sample time for communities to prepare secure property, and to seck refuge, if necessary. PAGASA plays a very important role of operating a nationwide network for forecasting and tropical cyclones that may enter or affect the Philippine Area of Responsibility.  MEASURES FOR MITIGATING THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF TYPHOONS 3) WEATHER FORECASTING AND MONITORING Meanwhile the Regional specialized meteorological center (RSMC) Tokyo Typhoon Center of the Japan Meteorological Agency is one of the six worldwide Tropical Cyclone Rsmc in charge of issuing, official warmings for the entire western Pacific Otron and sourn china sea region and it is also responsible for naming typhoons-  MEASURES FOR MITIGATING THE DESTRUCTIVE EFFECTS OF TYPHOONS 4) ) Effective public typhoon warning systems The Philippine Atmosphere Geophysical and Astronomical services Administration (PAGASA) is the country's official weather bureau. It is in charge of monitoring Storms, typhoons and other weather diaurbances in the country. PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS: METEOROLOGICAL IMPACT OF THE PRECAUTIONARY PSWS CONDITIONS WINDS MEASURES Tropical cyclone withwind highly advised to listen to the speed of 30-60kph and very minimal or no #1 latest updates by PAGASA every 6 intermittent rains are damage hours. expected in 36hours. moderate tropIcal the public travelling by sea and cyclone with windspeed may cause light to #2 air are advised to refrain from of 60- 100 kph are moderate damage unnecessary risks. expected in 24 hrs. PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS: METEOROLOGICAL IMPACT OF THE PRECAUTIONARY PSWS CONDITIONS WINDS MEASURES Dangerous for all sea crafts and air traveller. Make sure that you are staying in a sturdy house or A strong cylone with look for evacuation. Avoid staying windspeed of 100-185 kph may cause moderate #3 in low-lying areas and near coast. are expected in atleast 24 to heavy damage Beware of the "eye" or sudden hrs. calmness of the weather that may immediately follow the strong winds. PUBLIC STORM WARNING SIGNALS: METEOROLOGICAL IMPACT OF THE PRECAUTIONARY PSWS CONDITIONS WINDS MEASURES very Intense tropical cyclone with windspeed Posponement of all travels and of more than 185 kph and may cause heavy outdoor activities is strongly #4 expected to affect the damage advised Evacuation should community in at least 24 already be completed. hours. THANKS! Does anyone have any questions?