Kidney Physiology and Drug Implications PDF
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Josh Landers
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Summary
This document is a presentation on kidney physiology and drug implications, discussing various diuretics such as acetazolamide, mannitol, furosemide, hydrochlorothiazide, spironolactone, and vaptans. It also covers renin-angiotensin system inhibitors and SGLT2 inhibitors.
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COP 2024 Josh Landers PhD, DPT, PT, CSCS Kidney Physiology and Drug Implications Acetazolamide is the most common Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Loss of bicarbonate could lead to metabolic acidosis Mannitol is the most common Osmotic Diuretic: induces diuresis because it is...
COP 2024 Josh Landers PhD, DPT, PT, CSCS Kidney Physiology and Drug Implications Acetazolamide is the most common Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitor Loss of bicarbonate could lead to metabolic acidosis Mannitol is the most common Osmotic Diuretic: induces diuresis because it is not reabsorbed in the renal tubule, thereby increasing the osmolarity of the glomerular filtrate. Furosemide: most common Loop Diuretic (thick ascending limb) which blocks the Na+/K+/2Cl- Cotransporter Hydrochlorothiazide is the most commonly prescribed Thiazide Diuretic. Works by inhibiting the Na+/Cl- Cotransporter. Spironolactone is the most widespread Potassium-Sparing Diuretic (see video): Blocks Aldosterone Receptors Vaptans are aquaretics (loss of water without loss of electrolytes) that are Vasopressin Antagonist Aliskiren is the only renin inhibitor Empagliflozin is the most popular sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor in the U.S. – Treats type 2 diabetes Site of Action – S1/S2 segments of the proximal convoluted tubule.
