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Lesson 6: Contemporary Global Governance 17 global goals covers social and economic issues including: poverty, Weiss & Thakur (2014)...

Lesson 6: Contemporary Global Governance 17 global goals covers social and economic issues including: poverty, Weiss & Thakur (2014) ▪ hunger, Describe global governance as the totality of norms, laws, ▪ health, policies, and bodies that define, comprise, and facilitate ▪ education, transnational relations between citizens, states, cultures, ▪ global warming, intergovernmental and non-governmental organizations. ▪ gender equality, United Nations (UN) ▪ water sanitation, ▪ energy urbanization, UN is composed of six organs: ▪ environment, and ▪ social justice 1. The General Assembly - is the central deliberative and the only organ where all International Laws member-states have equal representation in discussion and UN settles legal disputes referred to it by the member-states. consideration, and policymaking. It also accords advisory opinions on questions that are of legal 2. The Security Council nature submitted by legitimate UN organs and particular - is the organ which has the commitment to preserve agencies. peace and security. 3. The Economic and Social Council Security Council’s - is the main organ for cooperation, policy review, Security Council’s veto power over resolutions is one of the policy dialogue, and advice on social, economic, and challenges that UN has been facing since the organization’s environmental issues. foundation. 4. The Trusteeship Council - is the organ tasked to administer international Examples oversight for 11 trust territories and to make sure that adequate For example, the UN resolution in December 2017 that required procedures are taken for independence and self-government. US President Donald Trump to withdraw the recognition of 5. The International Court of Justice Jerusalem as the capital city of Israel was vetoed by the United - is UN’s prime judicial organ. States in the Security Council. 6. The Secretariat The new government of Lebanon openly defied the Security - is the organ tasked to execute the daily activities as Council’s many resolutions on the Israeli-Lebanon conflict. assigned by the five other organs. In 2017, the Philippines voted against a United Nations General Assembly committee draft resolution on the human rights crisis in In 1948 Myanmar concerning the Rohingya people. UN was responsible for bringing human rights into the realm of Nation-state stand... international law through the Universal Declaration of Human Rights. Bertucci & Alberto (2018) affirm, the sovereignty of nation- states in the midst of globalization has not been diminished for UN is also a space for its members to manifest their the cooperation and converted action among nation-states perspectives through its core organs and committees. represent the greater exercise of their sovereignty. International Peace and Security Conclusion The organization utilizes good offices, diplomacy, and o Contemporary global governance defines the political scope of meditation. globalization. It does peacekeeping processes in countries with domestic conflicts and peace-building tasks in countries freed from conflict, lessening the risk of reversing into conflict and setting the Lesson 7: A World of Regions groundwork for sustainable peace and development. (The Global Divides: The North and the South) It agrees on the global battle for the removal of nuclear weapons and other instruments of mass destruction. DEFINITION OF KEY TERMS Protect Human Rights o Global South - refers broadly to the regions of Latin America, Asia, UN scrutinizes situations and issues reported to them and Africa and Oceania, most countries is characterized by low- oversees the exercise of international human rights agreements. income and often politically or culturally marginalized. It approaches human rights energy within the UN development system and boosts awareness of the reasons and acts of o Global North genocides, warns relevant players where there is a danger of - refers to developed societies of Europe and North genocide, promotes, and mobilizes for relevant action. America, which characterized by established democracy, wealth, technological advancement, political stability, aging population, zero population growth and dominance of world trade and politics. Humanitarian Aid UN is responsible for coordinating responses to emergencies First World Country and supports rapid humanitarian response for people affected - have a stable democracies and are characterized by by natural disasters and armed conflict. the rule of law, a capitalist economy and a high standard of living. Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Second World Country The Millenium Development Goals was set to promote - it is term used during the cold war for the industrial sustainable development. socialist states under the influence of soviet unions. In 2015, this was changed into the Sustainable Development Third World Country Goals (SDGs) - these goals are the blueprint to achieve a better - is an outdated and offensive phrase that has been and more sustainable future for all. used historically to describe a class of economically developing nations. Global South REGIONALISM It is a metaphor for interstate inequality and a product of Western It refers to regional concentration of economic flows while imagination (Claudio, 2014). regionalization refers to a political process by economic policy if Global South refers to the socio economic and political divide cooperation and coordination are present among countries primarily focused on the southern hemisphere of the 1569 (Mansfield Wilmer, 1993). mercatorian map. The Global south also connotes developing countries as Asian Regionalism opposed to rich, industrialized and wealthy nation. Is a new concept among the continental communities. Global North It refers to developed societies of Europe and North America, The ASEAN community is comprised of three pillars: which characterized by established democracy, wealth, technological advancement, political stability, aging population, Political Security Community zero population growth and dominance of world trade and politics. - Gives importance to human rights, drugs, foreign relations, defense, law, and transnational crimes. Also the Global North is the home of all members of the Group of eight Economic Community (G8) - Monitoring-economic ministers, finance ministers, central bank governors, free trade area, investment area, agriculture and forestry, 1. Canada transport ministers, telecommunications and information technology ministers, science. and technology, energy, minerals, tourism, free trade 2. France agreements with dialogue partners, and sectoral bodies 3. Germany 4. Italy Socio-cultural Community 5. Japan - Culture and arts, sports, disaster education, management, 6. United Kingdom environment, health, information, labor, rural development and poverty eradication, women, youth, and civil service matters 7. Russia 8. America ASEAN has also partnered with three East Asian Countries Third world country-second world country-first world country - China, Japan, and South Korea - It is called ASEAN +3 Countries who are in developing stage will surely be called third world countries. (The Philippines is considered third word for it Aspects that lead to a greater Asian Integration: was colonized by European country). ✓ First, Integration has been market driven. But the term Third World is the antecedent of Global South ✓ Second, formal institutions such as Asian Development Bank (Claudio 2014). Arguably, the term Third World ceased to exist were established. when the cold war ended. ✓ Third, economic grants and overseas development assistance Second World Country it is term used during the cold war for are made available by better Asian Economies. the industrial socialist states under the influence of soviet unions. ✓ Fourth, production networks have expanded. First World Country have a stable democracies and are ✓ Fifth, cooperation among the ASEAN and East Asian countries. characterized by the rule of law, a capitalist economy and a high ✓ Lastly, if EU is a rules-based, ASEAN follows a consensus rule standard of living. as an approach to decision making. Asian Development Bank (ADB) Lesson 8: A World of Regions (Asian Regionalism) Focused on Asia and the pacific as a reaction to global economic integration. ASIA Japan, the forerunner of the institution, believes that investments can be a factor to social development. Has the biggest population of at least two-thirds of the world's inhabitants. ASEAN Declaration: Aims and Purposes It comprises one-third of the world's land mass. 1. To accelerate economic growth, social progress, and cultural In terms of economy, emerging and developing Asian countries development in the region; and the Association of Southeast Asian Nations 5 or the ASEAN 5 2. To promote regional peace and stability; (Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Vietnam, and Thailand) had an 3. To promote active collaboration and mutual assistance on matters average of 6.3% and 5.1% GDP growth, respectively, compared of common interest; to the world. average growth of 3.5% as of 2016 (Obiols, 2017). 4. To provide assistance to each other in the form of training and research facilities; 5. To collaborate more effectively for the greater utilization of their ❖ What makes Asian nations stronger than ever? agriculture and industries; - Establishment of collaborations and cooperation 6. To expand trade, improve their transportation and based on respect. communications facilities, and raise the living standards of their people; What is the difference between globalization, regionalization and 7. To promote Southeast Asian Studies; and regionalism? 8. To maintain close and beneficial cooperation GLOBALIZATION Conclusion It is the expansion and intensification of social relations and o Globalization and regionalization are the same for they refer to consciousness across world-time and world-space. integration. o Their difference lies on the scope. REGIONALIZATION o Globalization is worldwide, while focuses on a specific It is "the growth of societal integration within a region and to geographical region. the often. Undirected processes of social and economic interaction" (Hurrel, 1995).